Lecture Notes: What Is AuDHD? Meaning, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

Introduction to AuDHD

• Definition: AuDHD is the coexistence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
• Prevalence: About 70% of people with ASD also have ADHD.
• Recognition: Officially recognized in 2013 by the DSM-5-TR.
• Challenges: Involves managing contradictory needs (e.g., need for routine vs. difficulty adhering to it).

Main Topics Covered

• What AuDHD is
• Symptoms of AuDHD
• Differences between AuDHD and ADHD
• Comorbidity of ASD and ADHD
• Diagnosis process
• Treatment strategies

Symptoms of AuDHD

• Executive Functioning Challenges: Issues with working memory, self-control, cognitive flexibility.
• Sensory Challenges: Difficulties with sensory processing (touch, taste, sound).
• Repetitive Movements: Such as stimming.
• Learning Difficulties
• Social and Emotional Challenges: Includes emotional dysregulation, social difficulties.
• Impulsivity and Inattention: Common ADHD traits.

Differences Between AuDHD and ADHD

• ADHD: Involves attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity difficulties.
• AuDHD: Adds autism traits like rigidity, sensory issues, and stimming.

Comorbidity

• High rates: ASD and ADHD often co-occur with other conditions (e.g., dyslexia, dyspraxia, epilepsy).
• Mental Health Issues: Anxiety, depression, oppositional defiant disorder.

Diagnosis Process

• No Specific AuDHD Test: Diagnosis involves separate assessments for ASD and ADHD.
• Multidisciplinary Approach: Uses standardized questionnaires, behavior scales, and observations.

ASD Testing Includes:

• Autism Spectrum Rating Scales
• Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS)

ADHD Testing Includes:

• Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF)
• Conners Rating Scales

Treatment for AuDHD

• Psychosocial Interventions:
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
  • Psychoeducation
  • Executive functioning techniques
  • Support groups
• Pharmacological Interventions:
  • ADHD medications may include stimulants and non-stimulants.
  • Limited medications for ASD symptoms.

Conclusion

• Complex Needs: Individuals need tailored strategies to manage both ASD and ADHD symptoms.
• Seek Help: Treatment involves support from professionals, support groups, and personal strategies to focus on individual strengths.