What have we learned in the chapter on decolonization? The new states in 1939, a large majority of the globe is dominated by a European power. The Second World War weakens the main metropolises and shakes the colonial system. At the end of the war, nationalist movements assert themselves and begin decolonization. Supported by the United States, the USSR, and the UN Charter, which advocates anti-colonialism. The decolonization process takes place in two phases. The first between 1945 and 1955 in Asia. The second between 1955 and 1965 in Africa. Countries obtain their independence in two ways through negotiation. In 1947, the British agree with Indian nationalist leaders on the process of independence, but this leads to violent clashes between communities. French colonies such as Tunisia, Morocco, and sub-Saharan Africa gain their independence in the 1950s through war with the example of two French colonies Indochina, which only gained independence in 1954 after a long conflict Algeria, which after eight years of war gained its independence in 1962 in 1955 while the decolonization process was underway, the new states sought to assert themselves and make themselves heard on the international scene. This was particularly the case with the Bandung Conference in 1955, which brought together 29 African and Asian countries. Its objective was to put an end to colonialism and to free themselves from any new domination. This was the political birth of the Third World in 1961. The Belgrade Conference formalized the movement led by Egyptian President Nasser and the Indian independence leader Nehru, who denounced and rejected the logic of blocs imposed by the Cold War. However, despite the desire of the new states to weigh in on the global political and economic organization, many difficulties appeared. They were unable to develop due to their economic fragility and sometimes political instability, some states also suffer economic domination which he denounces as a form of neocolonialism