History with Mrs. Lee: First Semester Review

Introduction

• Purpose: Review for the STAR test on Thursday.
• Strategy: Use "brain dump" in the test booklet using classroom map as a memory aid (13 colonies, American Revolution, AOC, Constitution, etc.).

Geography of America

• PGA Memory Aid:
  • P: Pacific Ocean
  • G: Gulf of Mexico
  • A: Atlantic Ocean
• Major Land Features:
  • Rocky Mountains (West)
  • Appalachian Mountains (East)
  • Mississippi River (Middle)
  • Missouri River (West branch)
  • Ohio River (East branch)
  • Great Lakes (Near Canada)

Colonial America

• 13 Colonies:
  • New England Colonies (Blue): Fishing, shipping, trading due to poor soil.
  • Middle Colonies (Yellow): Known as "breadbasket," grew grains.
  • Southern Colonies (Green): Fertile land, cash crops like tobacco.
• Key Events and Concepts:
  • 1607: Jamestown, first successful colony.
  • 1619: House of Burgesses, first representative government.
  • 1620: Mayflower Compact, first self-government.
  • Salutary neglect due to distance from England.
  • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, first written constitution.
  • Influence of Magna Carta (1215) and English Bill of Rights.
  • First Great Awakening, religious and political movement.
  • William Penn and Quakers in Middle Colonies.
  • Mercantilism and triangle trade impact on colonies.
  • Georgia (buffer colony) and Maryland (for Catholics).

Road to Revolution

• French and Indian War:
  • Fought over Ohio River Valley.
  • Proclamation Act limits westward expansion.
  • Financial debt leads to taxes (Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Tea Act).
• Colonial Grievances:
  • "No taxation without representation."
  • Quartering Act, Townshend Acts, writs of assistance.
  • Boston Massacre and Crispus Attucks.
  • Boston Tea Party as civil disobedience.
  • Intolerable Acts response.

American Revolution

• Key Events:
  • Battles of Lexington and Concord.
  • 1776: Declaration of Independence, influenced by John Locke.
  • Battle of Saratoga as turning point.
  • Winter at Valley Forge.
  • Yorktown and Treaty of Paris (STOP memory aid).
• Important Figures:
  • George Washington, Marquis de Lafayette, Bernardo de Galvez.
  • Thomas Paine, Mercy Otis Warren, Sam Adams, Ben Franklin.
  • James Armistead, John Paul Jones, Crispus Attucks.
  • Abigail Adams, Wentworth Cheswell, Patrick Henry.

Post-Revolution and Government Formation

• Articles of Confederation:
  • Weak central government, financial debts, disputes.
  • Northwest Ordinance facilitates statehood.
• Shays' Rebellion: Highlights AOC weaknesses.
• Constitutional Convention:
  • Great Compromise (bicameral Congress).
  • Three-Fifths Compromise on slavery.
  • Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists debate.

U.S. Constitution

• Principles of Constitution (FLIP ROCKS):
  • Federalism, Limited Government, Individual Rights, Popular Sovereignty.
  • Republicanism, Checks and Balances, Separation of Powers.
• Bill of Rights:
  • Amendments 1-10, protecting individual freedoms and rights.
  • Amendment process requires significant agreement among Congress and states.

Citizenship

• Becoming a Citizen:
  • Birthright, parentage, or naturalization.
  • Requirements for naturalization.
• Civic Duties:
  • Jury service, paying taxes.

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Study Tips:

• Review key events and figures.
• Understand key documents and their impacts.
• Remember geographical and historical context for events.

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Prepare well for your STAR test, and look out for the next video on the second semester!