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Investment Strategies Overview

Jul 4, 2025

Overview

This lecture discusses whether investors should buy stocks now or wait for a market correction, comparing passive investing with "Rule One" value investing strategies.

The Emotional Side of Investing

  • Investors often fear buying at market highs and missing out during bull runs.
  • Emotional responses like FOMO (fear of missing out) and fear of crashes influence decisions.

Passive Investing: The Long Game

  • Passive investing involves regularly buying index funds regardless of market conditions (dollar-cost averaging).
  • Timing the market is less effective than staying invested ("time in the market beats timing the market").
  • Missing just the 10 best days can significantly reduce long-term returns.
  • Passive investing works well in booming markets but can underperform in long periods with flat market returns.

Rule One Investing: Active Value Approach

  • Rule One investing focuses on buying understandable businesses with strong moats, trustworthy management, and a margin of safety.
  • This strategy outperformed even when the market stagnated (e.g., Warren Buffett from 1965–1985).
  • Rule One investors patiently wait for great companies to become undervalued, not for entire market crashes.

Market Timing vs. Rule One Strategy

  • Rule One investing isn't about predicting market highs and lows but about being ready for opportunities any time.
  • Even in hot markets, individual stocks may go on sale due to temporary issues or negative news.

Finding Opportunities in All Markets

  • Quality companies can temporarily drop in price for reasons unrelated to the overall market (e.g., Chipotle's E. coli event).
  • These moments offer potential high returns if the company has strong fundamentals.

Steps for Rule One Investors

  • Consistently build and monitor a watch list of quality businesses.
  • Wait for stocks to reach prices offering a margin of safety before buying.
  • Take decisive action when opportunities arise, regardless of overall market conditions.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Passive Investing — Investing in the whole market through index funds without trying to pick individual stocks or time the market.
  • Dollar-Cost Averaging — Investing a fixed amount at regular intervals, reducing the impact of volatility.
  • Margin of Safety — Buying a stock at a price significantly below its intrinsic value to reduce risk.
  • Moat — A business's sustainable competitive advantage.
  • Rule One Investing — A value investing approach focused on understanding, quality, and safety before profit.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Build and regularly update your watch list of quality companies.
  • Study Rule One investing principles if interested in an active approach.
  • Consider attending a Rule One workshop for further education.