Pediatric Nursing Lecture Notes

Introduction

Nuclear Family:
- Two parents and their children
- Reference: 1950s traditional family
Blended Family:
- Parents with biological children from previous marriages
- Reference: Brady Bunch
Extended Family:
- Parents, children, and grandparents
Single-Parent Family:
- One parent, who might be widowed, divorced, or unmarried, with biological children
Binuclear Family:
- Post-divorce family with co-parenting
- Children are members of two households

Family Systems Theory:
- Family as an interdependent unit
- Changes or stresses on one member affect the entire family
Family Stress Theory:
- Family's response and coping strategies to routine and unexpected stressors
- Focus on how the family copes and responds

Authoritarian:
- High control, low warmth
- Inflexible rules, little communication ("Because I said so")
- Not ideal
Authoritative:
- Moderate to high control, high warmth
- Flexible rules, open communication (ideal)
- Give and take
Permissive:
- Low control, high warmth
- Few rules, indulgent
Indifferent/Passive:
- Low control, low warmth
- Neglectful environment, lack of rules and affection

Sensorimotor (Birth to 2 years):
- Learn through senses and actions
- Develop object permanence
- High risk of choking
Pre-operational (2 to 7 years):
- Magical thinking, animism
Concrete Operational (7 to 11 years):
- Logical thought
- Conservation: Understanding changes in form do not change amount
Formal Operational (11 years to adulthood):
- Abstract thinking

Infancy (Birth to 1 year): Trust vs. Mistrust
- Development of trust if needs are met
Toddler (1 to 3 years): Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
- Independence and self-control
Preschool (3 to 6 years): Initiative vs. Guilt
- Social interactions, initiating play
School Age (6 to 12 years): Industry vs. Inferiority
- Learning, accomplishment
Adolescence (12 to 18 years): Identity vs. Role Confusion
- Sense of self, peer relationships

Describe a family where parents are divorced and co-parent from two households.
Identify a parenting style with no rules but warm and loving parents.
What is a key risk for children 0-2 years based on Piaget’s theory?
If a child loves school and crafts, what age range and Erikson’s stage might they be in?