The American Dream: Then and Now

Introduction

• First used by historian James Truslow Adams in 1931.
• Attracted millions to America for a better life.
• Older concept tied to early settlers seeking freedom from religious persecution, political oppression, and poverty in Europe.

Aspects of the American Dream

• Personal Dream: Freedom, self-fulfillment, dignity, happiness.
• Economic Dream: Prosperity, success, rising from poverty to wealth (rags to riches).
• Social Dream: Equality of opportunity, classless society.
• Religious Dream: Religious freedom as God's chosen people.
• Political Dream: Democracy.

Reflections in American Beliefs and Values

• Freedom: America viewed as the freest and best society, with rights protected by government.
• Individualism: Self-reliance and independence are idealized.
• Mobility, Optimism, Flexibility: Linked to geographical and social mobility, willingness to move for better opportunities.
• Hard Work: Puritan work ethic values hard work as a duty and sign of God's favor.
• Progress: Belief in progress, personal opportunity, and America's mission to spread democracy.
• Patriotism: National pride expressed through symbols and holidays.

Historical Landmarks

• 1776: Declaration of Independence establishes equal rights to life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness.
• 1789: Constitution sets principles of democratic government.
• 1791: Bill of Rights ensures freedom and equality.
• 1790-1890: Movement westward, promoting self-reliance and the frontier spirit.
• 1865: Abolition of slavery.
• 1869 & 1920: Women's suffrage starts in Wyoming, nationwide by 1920.
• 1870: Voting rights for all adult males.
• 1933: New Deal addresses Great Depression inequalities.
• 1964: Civil Rights Movement ends racial segregation.

The American Dream Today

• Criticism as a marketing strategy, highlighting individualism and materialism.
• Discrepancies in classless society concept; presence of an underclass.
• Diversity in ethnic group adaptation and economic success.
• Persistent ethnic inequality and exploitation.
• Shift from melting pot to salad bowl concept, emphasizing multiculturalism.

Conclusion

• The American Dream is a complex and evolving idea with historical roots and modern challenges.
• Cultural and economic diversity continues to shape America's identity.