Overview
The Theological Declaration of Barmen was drafted by the Confessional Synod in 1934 to assert the independence and theological foundation of the German Evangelical Church in opposition to Nazi interference and the "German Christians" movement, emphasizing the centrality of Christ and rejecting the state's attempt to dominate church doctrine and life.
Unity and Purpose of the Synod
- The Confessional Synod gathered Lutheran, Reformed, and United Churches to affirm the lordship of Christ and resist false unity imposed by external force or doctrine.
- The Synod did not seek to create a new church or abolish confessional diversity but to defend faith amid contemporary threats.
- Unity among Evangelical Churches is rooted in the Word of God and the Holy Spirit, not human politics or coercion.
- Congregations are called to support confessional pastors and teachers in prayer and solidarity.
- The Synod clarified that its intent was not to undermine national or church unity but to defend core confessional principles.
- Members are urged to test the Synod’s statements against Scripture and uphold faith if found true.
Theological Foundation and Threats
- The German Evangelical Church is fundamentally based on the gospel of Jesus Christ as revealed in Scripture and Reformation confessions.
- Equal standing of member Churches in the federation is affirmed.
- The Church's unity and theological basis are threatened by false teachings and practices promoted by the "German Christians" and current church administration.
- If these alien principles persist, the Church ceases to be true to its confessional identity.
Core Theological Affirmations and Rejections
- Jesus Christ is the sole Word of God; the Church must not proclaim or rely on any other source of revelation.
- Every aspect of life belongs to Christ; no area is exempt from justification and sanctification through him.
- The Church is Christ's congregation, accountable only to him, and must maintain its order and message according to scriptural direction, not political trends.
- Church offices exist for ministry, not dominion; no individual or group should wield authoritarian power within the Church.
- The Church recognizes the state’s God-given role in justice and peace, but neither should subsume the other’s mission or authority.
- The Church’s mission is to proclaim God’s free grace and must not serve arbitrary human agendas.
Call to Action and Closing Appeal
- The Synod invites all willing to accept the declaration to consider these theological principles in church decision-making.
- A plea is made for restoration of unity in faith, love, and hope among all concerned parties.