Lecture Notes on Shylock and Anti-Semitism in The Merchant of Venice

Introduction

• Discussion starts with the topic of anti-Semitism in relation to the character Shylock.
• Speaker identifies as Jewish, addressing personal experiences with criticism for playing the role.

Anti-Semitism in The Merchant of Venice

• David's Opinion:

  • Emphasizes caution in responding to the play's anti-Semitic elements.
  • Agrees that the play is not inherently anti-Semitic, but acknowledges it contains anti-Semitic elements.
  • Believes focusing on Jewishness can distract from the character's universality.

• Patrick's Viewpoint:

  • Agrees with David about the distractions of emphasizing anti-Semitism.
  • Suggests that Shylock should be seen as an outsider, not just as a Jew.
  • Highlights the importance of Shylock's complexity and the potential loss when viewing him merely as a symbol.

Importance of Jewish Identity

• Contrasting Interpretation:
  • Another perspective argues that Shylock's Jewish identity is crucial to understanding the character.
  • Points to how Shakespeare integrates Jewish identity into Shylock's relationships and adversities.
  • Emphasizes that the character's name appears as "Jew" significantly more than as "Shylock."

Performance Interpretations

• Actor's Approach:

  • Each actor must navigate historical interpretations of Shylock.
  • The original inclination to avoid traditional portrayals (e.g., costumes, appearance).
  • Focus on finding a human aspect behind Shylock's character rather than adhering strictly to traditional representations.

• Characterization Decisions:

  • Actor aimed to portray Shylock as shabby and down at heel, reflecting his priorities on financial matters.
  • Voice and language choice were influenced by the character's alien status in a foreign culture.
  • Attempted to show Shylock as more cultured than the natives, reflecting his attempts to assimilate.

Contrasting Styles

• David's Interpretation:

  • Chose to highlight a foreign accent and rhythm in the language to stress Shylock's outsider status.
  • Stressed pride in Jewish identity and how it reflects in interactions.

• Visual Representation:

  • Clothing choices differed: one actor opted for smart attire, reflecting Shylock's status in business.
  • Both interpretations maintain fidelity to the text, highlighting various aspects of Shylock's character.

Themes and Motivations in The Merchant of Venice

• Dominant Motivations:

  • The primary motivation in the play is money and possessions, impacting Shylock's decisions.
  • Shylock prioritizes commerce over racial or religious identity:
    • Example: His reaction to losing a diamond rather than a daughter.

• Scene Analysis:

  • Each scene must be examined for its unique characteristics and motivations.
  • The complexity of performance requires addressing inconsistencies, creating a holistic portrayal of the character.

Conclusion

• The need for a nuanced understanding of Shylock as a character that encompasses both his Jewishness and his universal traits.
• Future discussions will further analyze specific scenes to delve deeper into the complexities of Shylock's character.