Community interpreting involves more than just translating words; it includes addressing communication barriers, cultural understanding, and ensuring mutual comprehension between parties.
Models of Interpreting in Public Services
Example: A mother and daughter visit the homeless person's unit.
Interpreter must manage communication, not just translate words.
Example showed the interpreter facilitating between client and receptionist.
Interpreting Techniques
Consecutive Interpreting: Interpreter waits for the speaker to pause before translating.
Simultaneous Interpreting: Interpreting in real-time while the speaker continues to talk (often in conferences).
Liaison (or Escort) Interpreting: Used for dialogue, involves interpreting back and forth between parties.
First and Third Person: Choice depends on the formality and context of the situation.
Verbatim Technique: Repeats everything exactly as said, useful for legal and medical contexts.
Summary Technique: Summarizes speech, should only be used when appropriate and not as a fallback.
Site Translation: Oral translation of a document's content.
Whispered (Chuchotage) Interpreting: Whispered translation to a small group without interrupting others.
Appropriateness of Interpreting Techniques
Techniques should be used based on the context and needs of the communication to ensure accuracy.
Examples showed errors from inappropriate techniques.
Stages of Interpreting Session
Pre-interview: Interpreter clarifies the role and rules of interpreting to all parties.
During the Interview: Ensures both parties understand each other, creating an accurate exchange.
Post-interview: Possible debriefing to clear any cultural misunderstandings.
Challenges and Solutions
Cultural Sensitivities: Understand and clarify cultural practices to avoid misunderstandings.
Example: Miscommunication about keeping baby at home for 40 days post-birth.
Community interpreter clarifies cultural practices without providing opinions.
Impartiality and Professionalism
Interpreter must remain neutral and not share personal opinions or become personally involved.
If neutrality is compromised, professionally explain the interpreter’s role and clarify any misunderstandings.
Ethical Considerations
Accurate Transfer of Meaning: Ensures the accurate interpretation of the speaker's message.
Intervening for Clarification: If the message isn't clear, ask for clarification without changing meaning.
Differences Between Community Interpreters and Bilingual Advocates
**Bilingual Advocates: **
Goal: Achieve the best outcome for the client.
May not always interpret but primarily support the client’s needs.
Can provide personal opinions and advocate on behalf of the client.
Community Interpreters:
Goal: Translate accurately and remain impartial.
Focus on facilitating communication without altering the intended message of either party.
Must avoid providing personal opinions.
Conclusion
Community interpreters play a critical role in bridging language and cultural gaps in public services.
Mastery of various interpreting techniques and the ethical application of these skills ensures effective communication.