Understanding the Anatomy of the Spleen

uh yes uh good evening Rishi yeah good evening uh good evening everyone uh this side Dr Abhijit and today I will be discussing the anatomy of the screen which is an important topic from the exam point of view as well so yes let let others come so before starting the session I yeah I want everyone to give a thumbs up in the chat box that all the audio and the visuals are perfectly fine good evening good evening so just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys so that i am aware that the audio and visuals are perfectly fine good evening good evening yeah okay satyashree good evening good evening rutika says yes it's already all fine sethi osman good evening sir okay good evening good evening okay yeah so let us start the discussion guys let us start the discussion good evening garima good evening better good evening so yes today i will be discussing saikrishna good evening good evening better uh the nature side on the surface anatomy of the spleen the size and the weight of the screen okay that follows the harry's dictum rule the functions of the spleen the shapes and features along with the relations of the spleen ashish tata good evening beta rowdy good evening good evening better hilum of the spleen what are the contents passing through the hilum right the peritoneal ligaments of the spleen the clinical correlations again an important part and apart from that i will be discussing the screen parenchyma okay the red pulp and the white pulp of the screen so without wasting much more time let us let us now start with the nature yeah good evening anuj good evening so let us yeah now start with the nature of the screen anuj good evening yeah so remember beta that the spleen yeah the spleen is a lymphatic organ okay it is a lymphatic organ which is connected to yes ravinder krisma good evening good evening which is connected to the vascular system which is connected to the vascular system. Now when I say vascular system means the arteries, yeah, the veins. So remember it is a lymphatic organ. Okay. Now when I say lymphatic organ beta, you should remember in fetal life. Okay. Can anyone tell me in the chat box, what is the function of spleen in the fetal life? What does it do in the fetal life beta? In fetal life it manufactures erythrocytes yes yes it manufactures erythrocytes right but in after birth after birth what does it manufactures guys yes very good Satyashree very good but what after birth yes Ashishtatta very good but what after birth Pitta after birth it manufactures yes it manufactures lymphocytes yes it manufactures lympho sites Now, yes, Sethi Usman, very good, very good, Pitta. So, it is a lymphatic organ. Why? Because it is producing, it is manufacturing the lymphocytes, okay, after the birth. Yes, fun mode, very good. Fun mode, very good. Now, side, Pitta, remember, it is, yeah, it is obliquely placed, okay, in the posterior part, okay? You can see over here, Pitta, I have tried to show you the spleen where it is, okay, placed. so you should remember it is obliquely placed now can anyone tell me in the chat box yes ravinder you're right anyone tell me in the chat box that from which rib to which rib it is like present yes so before that i'm just completing the statement it is obliquely present in the posterior Yes, the erythrocyte point is correct. Yes, it is obliquely present in the posterior part of left hypochondrium. Now, I don't need to tell you which region is hypochondrium. You are very well aware that when we discussed nine regions of abdomen, so you were very well aware that this is the right side and this is the left side. So yes, it is present in the left hypochondrium hypo means yeah below the coastal hypochondrium is a coastal line and sub coastal plane yes sunmode you are no beta it's not right it is 9 10 and 11 shah srk good evening good evening beta so obviously it is present in the left hypochondrium and i would say the lateral two-third part the lateral two-third part it is present in the left hypochondrium plus yeah it is present partially in the hypochondrium what is hypochondrium for cartilage right so i told you that this will be left hypochondrium right hypochondrium right and this upper region of umbilicus will be epigastric so there is some portion in the epigastric region also or i can simply say it is partly in the epigastrium so yes it is present in the epigastrium as well and remember beta in the epigastrium it is medial one third okay in the epigastrium it is medial one third in the epigastrium it is medial one third so yes the side beta left hypochondria majority of the part okay and a little bit of in the epigastrium okay so now you already know when we talk about the surface anatomy beta okay Now you already know that if you start from last, so you can very well see that which red is this Pitta? Anyone in the chat box, the one which I have marked with the arrow. Okay, can anyone tell me good evening Surveen Pitta? Good evening. So can anyone tell me which red is this? Yes. Can anyone tell me which red is this in the chat box? Yes. krithi very good beta it is the 12th rib beta you can see it as the floating rib so yes i will write it over here very good very good dimples sharjeel usman darima surveen ravinder rauti satyashree fanmode very good floating rib very good so let us let us just number the ribs over here so that the picture is clear to everyone so this is the 12th rib the above one it is 11th okay then we ah yes then we have yeah the 10th rib and the 9th rib so you can see that you can very well see that yeah everyone is right so you are very well aware that it is lying opposite which three lips beta 9 10 and 11. so you can see it is lying opposing opposite which three ribs that is 9 10 and 11. so remember it lies opposite it lies opposite 9 10 11 okay 9 10 11 ribs now with its long axis parallel to tenth rib long axis parallel to 10th rib making an angle of 45 degree with horizontal 45 degree with horizontal now beta just see over here now suppose these are the yeah vertebras okay now suppose these are the vertebras they are situated in the midline let us understand the meaning of this particular statement now now suppose beta this is the 10th rib okay now suppose this is the 10th rib okay now suppose this is the 10th rib now i'm specifically talking about this 10th rib and now on the long axis okay which is like if we talk about the spleen the spleen is like present on this tenth rib like this okay the spleen is present like this the long axis of the spleen okay is parallel to the long axis of the tenth rib okay it is just overlying that and remember beta it is making an angle okay it is making an angle of 45 degree with the horizontal plane it is making an angle of 45 degree with the horizontal plane so this is the spleen and remember the long axis okay yeah of the spleen it is lying parallel to the 10th rib which is making an angle of 45 degree with the horizontal i hope this particular point is clear to everyone just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if this is um clear to everyone yes before writing the next point i want everyone to give me a thumbs up in the chat box yes perfect triti dimple very good beta very good surveying satyashree very good garima very good beta very good ravinder very good saikrishna very good sanjana angel perfect perfect beta now we don't remember a clinical correlation that we have to remember over here sri virgin rudika very good a point here clinically you have to remember that spleen is not palpable we can not touch and palpate but spleen is not palpable can anyone tell me the reason why can anyone tell me the reason why the spleen is not palpable yeah this spleen is not palpable as it does not extend below as it does not extend below the coastal margin beta as it does not extend below the coastal margin. So yeah it is lying just opposite to the strips so that that's why we cannot palpate it yes it's located in the heart ticket ticket because of it's very good so yes it does not palpable as it as it does not extend below the postal margin so i hope this is clear this particular slide is clear to everyone now moving on to the next part beta what is the size and the weight of the spleen and yes guys it follows a certain dictum and that is called as the harry stick and what does it says and what does it says it says that yeah you already know the odd numbers you know 1 3 5 7 9 and 11 try to write like this the way i am writing beta yes the way i am writing the rule of the odd numbers so yeah it is one inch one inch it is the thickness you of the spleen it is the thickness of the spleen remember three inches three inches it is the width it is the width or breadth we can say of spleen five inches five inches yes Yes, five inches. It is the length of the spleen. Length of the spleen. Seven ounces. Now, when I say seven ounces, it is referring to the weight of the spleen, guys. Weight of spleen and seven ounces is approximately equal to 200 grams. It is approximately equal to 200 grams, right? Yes. 9 to 11 9 to 11 beta you already know it lies deep it lies deep to 9th to 11th rib it lies deep to 9th to 11th rib i hope the size and the weight that is the harry's dictum it is clear to everyone and it is obviously shown in the picture as well so yes it is 9th 10th and 11th so it is lying deep to 9 10th and 11th rib okay and the long axis of the 10th rib it is parallel to the long axis of the spleen making an angle of 45 degree yes shreeper then very good beta okay i hope everyone understood the size okay and the weight and the other parameters that are related to the spleen so yes now coming on to the functions of the spleen so coming on to the functions of the screen yes shayasarkey very good that was like yeah so one function i have already discussed that in fetal life just i want to make it complete that's why i'm writing it it is manufacture of erythrocytes manufacture of erythrocytes and yeah in okay or after birth after birth it is manufacture of lymphocytes right it is manufacture of lymphocytes yes yes beta osman graveyard of rbc okay so i will write everything no need to worry after birth yes it helps in the manufacture of yeah manufacture of lymphocytes yes it also helps in the removing of worn out RBCs removing of the worn out RBCs even your language yesterday was the grand finale of Bigg Boss so my whole family was now into it you guys tell me quickly have you seen the grand finale of Bigg Boss yesterday? the whole system shook it completely is the removing of the worn out rbcs yes and remember it is storage house of rbcs as well yes it is storage house of garima says yes and yes it releases them in circulation whenever needed it releases them in circulation whenever needed okay ravinder yes sharjeel yes okay perfect i hope the functions are clear i hope the functions are clear the harry's dictum is clear the nature site and surface anatomy is clear so we have discussed these topics now coming on to the shapes and features now coming on to the shapes and features now remember that whenever we talk about the shapes and features the external features basically remember we have two ends okay we have two ends of the screen i will draw a diagram also no need to worry i will draw a diagram also for you people so absolutely no need to worry so remember we have two ends okay we have two surfaces we have two surfaces of spleen we have two borders of spleen and yeah we have two angles of spleen yet not important that much but yes just to complete it i will write it we have two angles of the screen right now two ends split up Remember we have the medial end of the screen. Okay. And we have the lateral end, the lateral end, the medial end beta, it is towards the posterior part. Okay. So it is at the posterior extremity, the lateral end, it is towards the anterior part. So we have the anterior extremity. Now two surface Pitta, one surface is called as the diaphragmatic surface. One surface it is called as the diaphragmatic surface. Yeah. So diaphragmatic surface, the surface of the spring which is attached to the diaphragm, it is smooth Pitta. It is smooth. Okay. and one surface it is the visceral surface it is the visceral surface and remember in the visceral surface visceral means organs it is attached to different different organs it is attached to the part of the stomach so it is the gastric impressions which you will see on the spleen the gastric yeah impressions yes shiva then i will take it as soon as i complete the abdomen part we have the colic impressions okay and pancreatic impressions colic impressions and pancreatic impressions and we also have renal impressions now renal impressions so visceral surface is basically the surface which is attached to these these organs okay the stomach the kidney the splenic flexure of colon, right? The pancreas. So yeah, I will draw this diagram. So no need to worry at all. We have two borders, beta. We have superior border and we have the inferior border of the spleen and two angles that is anterior or anterior basal angle and we have the posterior angle or it is also called as the posterior. basal angle. No need to remember the angles, not tapping for it. So yeah, keeping this particular picture in mind, let us let us draw, let us just try to draw our own diagram. Let us just try to draw our own diagram. Yeah. So now suppose this is the screen. okay now suppose this is the screen and there are certain notches which are present on the upper border upper means the superior border right so yes this is how a spleen will look like okay this is how a spleen will look like right so yeah let us let us just try to mark what all we have written so because this is this border better this whole line okay that is extending from top to below it is called as the superior border okay it is called as the superior or the upper border of the screen or the upper border of the screen right now remember that we have an intermediate border okay we have an intermediate border or also called as the medial border of the spleen okay did i have not mentioned it yes so this is yeah this is the medial border Okay, this is the medial border or I can also say the intermediate border. one border is above that is the superior border one border in between is the medial border and one border below that you will encounter it is called as the inferior border or i can also say the lower border inferior border or it is also called as the lower border of the screen lower border of the screen now after marking all the three borders remember we have two ends of the screen okay this is called as the posterior end of the screen okay this is the posterior end okay posterior end i have also mentioned it as the medial end of the screen right medial end of the screen okay because it is towards the medial side and yes when we come on to the anterior end now this whole beta this whole end it is called as the anterior end now this anterior end yeah this anterior end it is also called as the lateral end of the screen right it is the lateral end of the screen so we have the posterior end and the anterior end okay now now let us let us now study regarding these in short short details okay so beta superior border okay superior border it is now it is thin okay the superior border is thin it is convex okay it is convex okay and we can see these notches okay these notches are present and these notches which are present in the superior upper border these are called as the splenic notches these are called as the splenic notches and these splenic notches beta these are actually it can vary it can be one it can be two it can be three or it can be more than three and remember beta these splenic notches are developmental notches these are developmental notches okay developmental notches actually when spring develops it develops from the different uh pieces of the mesen kind okay different pieces of the mesen kind that's why these notches are there over over here right so yes that is about the superior border that you have to remember if we talk about the inferior border beta the inferior border beta comparatively as compared to the superior border it is thick okay it is thick it is rounded it is rounded and moreover it is smooth okay moreover it is smooth white is smooth because there are no notches which are present over here there are no notches which are present over here now coming on to the anterior yeah okay before coming okay the anterior end or the lateral end beta it is like broad okay it is broad and when i say broad beta you should understand that it is more like a border okay it is more like a border okay because it is broad okay now this interior end it is facing downwards okay it is facing downwards okay it is facing downwards forwards forward and to the left and to the left obviously if this is right side and this is left side so this is going to left side and going away from mid line so this is lateral if it is going away from mid line it is lateral part to the left basically towards the left mid axillary line yeah left mid axillary line axilla this is axilla part the middle line of this is called as the mid axillary line I will show you in 3D also then I have the picture over here I will show it to you guys no need to worry I have all the pictures with me yeah I will show you yes I will show you no need to worry left mid axillary line. No need to worry. Let us first draw it better, Srivardhan, and then I will show you. Let us first draw our own picture so that we can relate to it. Remember the anterior end, it is related to phrenicocollic ligament. frenico-colic ligament okay i'll just correct this variance over here yes yes okay i will show you better no need to worry absolutely no need to worry we have the frenico-colic ligament now this anterior end or the lateral end it is related to this particular ligament colic means the um colic over here it is the splenic flexure of colon colic over here it is the splenic flexure of colon so yeah this end it is related to that also so i will just show you if you uh know we have the diaphragm better diaphragm okay diaphragm is the phrenic pole and this is the intestine and this is the splenic flexure of colon so yes the surface of the spleen uh it is the interior surface it is connected it is connected to this particular ligament okay and this ligament it is connecting the diaphragm to the splenic flexure of colon okay it is connected to from the diaphragm to the splenic flexure and obviously it is passing through the screen and which part it is the anterior end it is touching the anterior end and it is passing so that this spleen remains in its own position okay it does not allow the spleen to come down so it is acting like a barrier it is acting like a barrier okay so yes it is acting like a barrier not allows not allowing spleen to come downwards not allowing spleen to come downwards it is like this. This is the diaphragm. Take the splenic flexure of colon. This is the splenic flexure of colon and this is the spleen. So there is a ligament from the diaphragm to the splenic flexure of colon and that ligament is called the frenicocollic ligament. Obviously, the diaphragm is the part of the colon. The left flexure. So, frenico-colic ligament is formed and it is passing through this anterior end of the spleen. Okay. So, this ligament is touching the anterior end. It is just touching this particular point and it is passing down to the sphenic fracture of colon. So, yes, it does not allow the spleen to come downwards. Right. I hope this is clear. I hope this is clear to everyone. Sure. Yes. Now I have made it up. Apart from that you have to remember the posterior end or the medial end. It is blunt or rounded. It is directed upwards, backwards and medial. and medial okay it is directed upwards backwards and it is directed medially it is like one and a half inches from the median plane of the body right so yes i hope this these all parts are clear to everyone and this surface which is the inner surface this is called as the visceral surface. If you got a thumbs up in the chat box this is called as the visceral surface okay okay it presents with hilum it presents with hilum vicky chaudhary dimple very good very good beta it presents with hilum okay now this visceral surface it is actually a rough impression okay it is actually a rough impression okay i will just show you um this okay the visceral surface it is concave also beta it is concave irregular One surface is towards organs. So towards organs, towards abdominal organs. So that is the visceral, internal part. And one surface of the screen is towards upper, towards diaphragm. So that is diaphragmatic surface. And what is one surface? This is the visceral surface. Yes, everyone is right. Usman, Angel, Sanjana, Sai, Krishna. Very good. Very good, son. So I hope these parts are clear. I hope these parts are clear. Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if it is clear to everyone. so that i can move on to the next um okay before coming on to the next just just let us see in the atlas diagram also just let us see in the atlas diagram also so you can very well see beta over here you can see the developmental notches can you see these developmental notches so obviously this is the superior border this is the superior border now we have the posterior end beta many patata we have the anterior extremity okay which is just like a border Now you already know what is present in the middle. We have the hilum. Okay, talking about the visceral surface. If you look down, we have the inferior border or the lower border of the screen. Okay, you can see the inferior border and the lower border of the screen. Hilum, I will talk in detail, okay, just in another couple of minutes. Okay, so you can see all the surfaces. This one will be attached to the stomach part. We have the uh pancreas well apart then colic part so i will draw this particular diagram again to show the visceral relations of the yeah spleen okay so absolutely no need to worry about it okay jungle so yes yes can anyone tell me now now it's your chance to okay now it's your turn to tell me which part of the spleen is this which part of the spleen is this Tell me quickly. I am just trying to show the visceral view. Yeah. Which part of the spleen is this? Okay. Which I have marked with A. Now you guys are going to tell me. Which is the B part? Yes. Superior. What is Superior? You have to write it completely. Hmm. What is Superior? You have to write it completely. Yes. Okay. Fun mode. Very good. Safe use one. Very good. What is B? What is this C? in which you are getting all contents what is this D beta already I have discussed these parts right yeah yeah ok superior border part is ok posterior end B very good beta it is the posterior end yeah very good we can say posterior end or medial end very good Karima very good guys what about C Fun mode it is right? It is the posterior end. Yes very good beta. You can see these are the developmental notches beta. If you can see these are the developmental notches on the superior border. Okay because it is developing from the different parts of the mesenchyme. Yes medial border or C. C medial border or more precisely the highlighted structure beta that is the high glom of the spleen. okay that is the hilum of the spleen. You will not call C as medial but as intermediate because it is exactly in the middle. So yeah, so yes, let it be an intermediate border because it will be not a correct term because there is no lateral present here. So yes. it is the intermediate border. D is the inferior border. okay i will come to this diagram again after a couple of minutes okay i will come to this diagram again after a couple of minutes because i have to discuss the visceral relations now coming on to the relations of the screen now coming on to the relations of the screen Now, can anyone tell me how many relations of the spleen are there? Can anyone tell me how many relations of the spleen are there? Now, one it is the diaphragmatic relation of the spleen, the diaphragmatic surface, yes and one it is the visceral surface which is related to all the organs. so visceral surface i will again draw a diagram for you people no need to worry about that yes actually I am not talking about the impressions of the visceral surface. I'm just talking about the relation. Now first if we talk about the diaphragmatic relations diaphragmatic relations so remember the spleen is related to the diaphragm which separates spleen from which separates the spleen from now you can see the yeah you can obviously see the diaphragmatic part bit over here in this particular picture and yes it is separating the spleen from remember yeah the lower part of the left lung the lower part of the left lung right the lower part of the left uh lung yes sri marjan very good it is the diaphragmatic and the visceral part yes you're right okay we have the lower part of the left pleura now when i say left pleura you already know we have yeah the recess part okay and that is called as the costo diaphragmatic recess. It is called as the costodiaphragmatic recess. It is called as the costodiaphragmatic recess. Right, the lower part of the left pleura costodiaphragmatic recess. Okay, then we have posterior parts of ninth, tenth, 11th ribs and their intercostal muscles and their intercostal muscles. So the spleen is related to the diaphragm in such a way that the diaphragmatic surface of the spleen, it separates the spleen from the lower part of the left lung, lower part of the left pura and it is called as the costodiphyromatic recess and the third one it is the posterior parts of the ninth. 10th and the 11th ribs okay so i hope the diaphragmatic surface is clear now coming on to the visceral surface beta coming on to yeah the visceral surface okay let us let us just try to draw this diagram and then we will again go back to the picture and understand okay so visceral means i'm showing you the spleen okay the interior surface of the screen like this how it is so now suppose beta this is the spleen in between the spleen we have this intermediate border which contains a structure that is called as the hilum where there is entry of like splenic artery and the splenic vessels right and yes this is the hilum so yes i will draw it a little nicer so that yeah so yes like this the picture is there so you already know that this structure it is the hilum of the screen hilum i will be discussing hilum i will be discussing okay now now beta the area okay the large concave area between the hilum okay the large concave area between the hydrum and the upper border upper means the superior border basically you can see okay you can see the fundus of the stomach attaching over this particular area fundus of the stomach attaching over this particular area so that is that is that you have to mention in your notes yes it is this area which is for gastric impression gastric impression that is the first visceral relation okay so i'm just talking about the visceral relations of the spleen so now when i say visceral means it will be related to the organs so this part of the spleen it is the largest part okay the largest impression because it is a large concave area it is a large concave area between hilum and upper border okay specifically it is the hilum and the superior border and remember the gastric impression why i'm saying it as the gastric impression because the posterior wall posterior wall of the fundus of the stomach is attached here fundus of stomach is attached over here i hope this is clear beta i hope this particular part is clear impression clear okay yes impression clear okay thumbs up that you guys are here along with me alive attending the session so that it gives me yeah dimple saikrishna very good very good now guys you are very well aware that this part okay between the hilum and the lower border okay between the hilum and the lower border this part it is of the spleen between yes every uh angel satyusman garima very good between the high lung and the lower border beta this is connected to the kidneys yes this is connected to the kidneys that's why it is the renal impression renal impression okay it is a small It is a small shallow impression. It is a small shallow impression between a hilum and lower border or I can say the inferior border and remember it is related to front of left kidney that's why it is like a renal impression the second impression it is the renal impression it is related to the front of the left kidney just below the hilum beta if we talk just below the hilum you should be yeah just below the hilum yeah we have pancreatic impression beta we have pancreatic impression and can anyone tell me in the chat box which part of the pancreas will be like present over here towards the left side. So we have the pancreatic impression. Yes now pancreatic impression basically it is related to anyone Yes, it is related to the tail of the pancreas. It is related to the tail of the pancreas. Fun mode, Seki Usman, very good. Very good, beta. It is related to the tail of the pancreas. Yes, it is related to the tail of the pancreas. It is a small impression. Okay, pancreatic impression. It is a small impression. yeah below the lateral end lateral end of the hylum right yes everyone is right yes very good now the remaining area beta the remaining area okay it is this remaining area beta it is connected to the splenic flexure of colon clinic flexure of colon splenic flexure of colon and this is something which is called as the polic impression. Polic impression. Okay now remember it is a flat area close to lateral end of spleen. it is a flat area close to the lateral end of the screen okay so this is related to the left colic flexure okay and lower part lower part it is related to trinicocolic ligament trinicocolic ligament okay trinicocolic ligament. So yes I hope this is clear to each and everyone. All the impressions are clear. So in totality beta you have to remember the four impressions. I hope this is clear to everyone. You have to remember the four impressions beta. The renal impression, the left kidney anterior part, the gastric impression basically the posterior wall of the fundus of the stomach, pancreas and especially the tail of the pancreas. and then we have the splenic flexure of colon okay the splenic flexure of colon basically it is attached to the left colic flexure that is the splenic flexure only and the lower part beta it is related to a ligament that i have already told you which is extending from the diaphragm to the colon it is the frenico-colic ligament which prevents the downward displacement of the spleen so yes just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys that you have understood this Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box that you have understood this so that I can start on with the next part. Yeah, Vicky, very good, beta. Dimple, very good. Perfectly fine. Yes, tell me quickly. Sanjana, Garima, Angel, very good. Sanjana, Garima, Angel, very good. Perfect. Tell me the rest as well. You guys tell me, this A part, beta, what is the impression? Which impression is this? tell me tell me in the chat box which impression is this this a part cd usman very good which impression is a which impression is b which impression is c and which impression is d satyashree gas stick impression very good beta garima very good gas stick impression What does it say? Labeling the answers. You know, Sykrishna, gastric, dimple D, gastric. Very good, pitta. Vicky, gastric. Satyashree says B is the splenic flexure of colon. Very good, Satyashree. Very good. Garima has given all the answers. B is splenic, C pancreatic. Pancreas's tail part and D renal. Very good. Very good. Dimple D face. B is splenic. Yes. Very good. It's the splenic flexure of colon. Splenic flexure of colon. And if this doesn't happen, what will happen? Left colic flexure. One of the same things. Left colic flexure. Okay. Vicky Chaudhary's splenic flexure of colon. Usman. C, pancreas part. Yes. You should know beta in C. It is lateral end of the hyaluron which will present as the tail of the pancreas. Yes. and the tail of the pancreas. Sai Krishna, D is the renal part. D is the renal part. Very good, very good beta. Perfectly fine, fine. Next, I hope you all understood. Till now we have already discussed the nature, site, surface anatomy, size and the weight that is the hairless, dictum, functions of the spleen, the shapes and the features. Already I have explained this with the help of a beautiful diagram. Apart from that, I have explained the relations of the spleen the diaphragmatic relations and the visceral relations which i have discussed um with the picture of the gray's anatomy atlas right so yes now starting with the next topic that is the hilum of the spleen now you can very well see that this part it is the hilum of the spleen okay the opening the opening in the spleen part you can see over here that is the hilum so this is the i know right it's a sister hi look so remember beta it is a longitudinal slit it is a longitudinal slit on visceral surface slit means opening of the visceral surface okay now between which two impressions okay it is between the gastric yeah and the bollock impressions no need to write that much now tell me what you can see in this particular uh hilum which vessels are present in this particular hilum i want you to answer this so it transmits now you guys are going to tell me it transmits what it transmits yes it is the terminal branches it is the terminal branches of splenic artery it transmits the terminal branches of the splenic artery we have tributaries of splenic vein. We have tributaries of splenic vein and the third one we have the autonomic nerves and lymphatics, autonomic nerves and lymphatics. okay so you already know beta key when we talk about the splenic artery it is tortuous in nature and it is passing behind the stomach so you already know this is the celiac trunk and from the celiac trunk the largest branch of the celiac trunk it is the splenic artery the splenic artery it is tortuous in nature and when it reaches the greater curvature of the stomach it will divide into multiple branches okay and this is something which are called as the terminal branches of the splenic artery or if you call them the hyner branches or hyner branches of the splenic artery we have the splenic veins okay and then we have the autonomic nerves and this i hope this is clear i hope the hylum of the spleen is clear to everyone so just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys that it is clear yes Are you all attending the class live, writing the notes along with me, beta? Perfectly. Dimple, Vicky, Garima, actually Angel, Sai Krishna, now. Remember one more thing that the hilum of the spleen will give rise to two ligaments also. It will give rise to two ligaments also or I can say attachment to two ligaments. Attachment to two ligaments. Can anyone tell me the name of the two ligaments guys? Can anyone tell me the name of the two ligaments? lino renal ligament between the spleen and the kidney and the gastro splenic ligament and the gastro splenic ligament yes lino renal ligament yeah between the kidney and the spleen or splenorenal ligament we post up there right so one of the same things now coming on to this peritoneal relations only guys peritoneal relations only now beta you already know he we have the anterior abdominal wall right and we have the posterior abdominal wall you already know the Stomach is developing. the stomach is developing and stomach is basically endothermal because all the foregut part okay mid cut and hind cut it is all endothermal derived from the yolk sac apart from that you know the stomach is attached to yeah the stomach is attached to the anterior abdominal wall okay there is a mis-entry over here and that is called as the which is the misentery and the stomach is also suspended to the posterior abdominal wall because we know that the whole body is made up of endoderms so what will be present outside? Mesoderm and you are getting to see the modifications of mesoderms that is called as the ventral misentery ventral misentery and what will happen is dorsal misentery right dorsal mesogastrium okay dorsal mesogastrium yeah dorsal mesentery ventral mesentery after ventral mesogastrium mesogastrium right now you already know beta he the liver is developing in the front no need to no need to like learn about this and we have this spleen which is developing in the dorsal mesogastrium okay so yeah above we have like uh before we have the kidney right so the ligament which is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach and the spleen it is the gastrosplenic ligament gastrosplenic ligament and the ligament which is attached from the spleen to the kidney it is lino renal ligament okay lino renal ligament okay so if i just want to see a cross section beta if i if i'm just taking a cross section this already i have explained you in detail i'm just trying to see a cross section over here this is the anterior side okay this is the stomach in between this is the stomach okay and the stomach is suspended by mesentery. Now you already know the liver is developing over here the liver is developing and on the left part over here the spleen is developing okay the spleen is developing so this is the posterior side which i'm showing you right now so the spleen is connected to the stomach okay the spleen is connected to the stomach through a ligament and that ligament okay in the dorsal mesogastrium it is the ligno-renal ligament okay so this is yeah okay sorry it is the gastro between the stomach and the spring gastro splenic ligament yes yes very good fun mode very good and from the spleen you already know on the posterior wall we have something which is called as the kidney okay this is the kidney so from the kidney on the posterior abdominal wall yeah to the spleen we have another ligament that is connecting the screen to the kidney and that is something which you already know it is the leno renal ligament or spleen or renal ligament also spleen or renal ligament also so yeah what is asked in the exam are the contents key what what will you find in the gastro splenic ligament splenic artery Okay, splenic artery along with the splenic vein. So yes splenic artery is one of the contents Contents you have to remember splenic artery Yeah, you will have the tail of the pancreas tail of pancreas in linoleum ligament you will have sorry sorry sorry uh i've just mentioned it hmm so yes yes see in the gastro splenic ligament okay tell me which artery you will see now tell me which arteries you will see in the gastro huh opposite right there so yes it is the short gastric vessels okay or i can simply say the left gastro epiploic vessel now when i say epiploic vessel beta you should be remember uh you should be like aware of i'm talking about both the arteries and the veins i'm talking about both the arteries and the veins okay now if we talk about the lino renal part you already know we have the splenic artery over here splenic artery we have the tail of the pancreas tail of pancreas yes yes very good guys and if yeah there is something which is common to both there is something which is common to both that we should know that is yeah the lymphatic part the lymphatics uh the pancreatic osplenic lymph nodes that you will see in both the ligaments pancreatic osplenic lymph nodes okay you will have yes extra peritoneal fatty tissue extra peritoneal fatty tissue and autonomic nerve fibers autonomic nerve fibers okay so this is like you have to keep in mind about the peritoneal ligaments okay i hope this is clear to everyone I hope this is clear to everyone. Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box. And this is something which you already know. It is the stomach. So this ligament which is extending from the spleen to the stomach, it is the gastrosplenic ligament. And the one which is the ligament which is extending from the spleen to the left kidney, it is the lenorenal ligament. Sanjana, Garima, Angel, Vicky, very good. What about the rest? Why aren't the rest giving answers? Let's go. Keep giving us. This is a growing liver. Look, because the size of the liver is large, there is a cavity behind the stomach that is called as the lesser sac. Right? And what is the next? Greater sac. Right? So, this is like we already have discussed. arterial supply beta arterial supply i need not to tell you it is the splenic okay tell me the answer which artery supplies the stomach which sorry which artery supplies the spleen not stomach yes which artery supplies the spleen you already know we have the abdominal iota and from the abdominal iota we have a ventral branch that is called as the celiac trunk yes anyone in the chat box anyone who would like to answer celiac trunk and from the celiac trunk basically we have one branch that that is tortuous that is tortuous and yes splenic splenic fun mode dimple garima's ellen yeah vicky very good very good betitis the splenic artery very good hmm shall you already know okay suppose this is the stomach part so i'm not concerned about the stomach i'm just concerned about this yeah spleen now you already know this is the spleen everyone is right vicky very good So this, yes, that you have to remember that, yeah, it is passing behind the stomach and it is like reaching to the spleen and dividing into multiple branches. Okay. It is also giving branches, esophageal branches down, left gastroepiploic artery and pancreatic branches. So no need to remember the branches of the splenic artery. but you should remember the splenic artery it is the arterial supply to the spleen splenic artery that is the largest branch of the celiac trunk largest branch of celiac trunk okay now coming on to the venous drainage beta venous drainage it is done by which way you already know we have the yeah we have these okay for example you already know if suppose this is the spleen okay if suppose this is the spleen we have small small tributaries which will drain into the mains splenic vein okay so this is the splenic vein okay which is taking the blood there and you already know it combines with the superior mesentric vein to form the portal vein so main vein in which the splenic vein is draining it is the portal vein okay superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein will like conference together behind the neck of the pancreas and they will lead to the formation of the portal vein so yes that is about the venous drainage that you have to remember that is the splenic vein okay coming on to the lymphatic drainage of the screen coming on to the lymphatic drainage of the screen beta remember that the spleen has yeah the spleen has two bulb the yeah red bulb and the white bulb the red pulp or i can see the red the red bulb basically there are no lymphatics no lymphatics okay the red pulp there are no lymphatics yeah if we come on to the white pulp okay if we come to the white pulp or i can simply say that there are few lymphatics few lymphatics that arise from that arise from the capsule and trabeculae. Trabiculae is a meshwork type of a network okay and so they arise from the capsule and trabeculae and remember they drain into pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes. pancreatic splenic lymph nodes okay it is along the splenic artery these pancreatic splenic lymph nodes are along the splenic artery right so yeah majority of the part there are like no lymphatics but yes a small part that is like few lymphatics arise from the capsule and the chemical and they drain into the pancreatic splenic lymph nodes okay now coming on to the nurse supply so remember beta that we have sympathetic sympathetic vasomotor fibers vasomotor fibers from celiac plexus celiac plexus okay the celiac that is the network of the nose yeah we have sympathetic vasomotor fibers from the celiac plexus now coming on to the clinical correlations so the arteries veins uh already i have discussed this in detail guys like in the previous lecture so that was just a revision part that we have just discussed i hope till now everything is clear bit up just give me a thumbs up till now everything is clear yes good evening listen yeah i hope it's clear to everyone yeah now beta remember that the yes temple garima satyashree very good very good beta remember that the spleen it is the most common most common ruptured abdominal viscera abdominal Visra has many organs, we have stomach, small intestine, large intestine but the most common organ to get ruptured, Sanjana very good Pitta, it is the spleen so remember Pitta, spleen is highly vascular blood supply is very high, it is elastic, it is purple in colour color okay freeable okay it is moving with respiration it is moving with respiration so remember beta the small branches of spleen which i have already told you if this is the splenic artery so this plenic artery is giving small branches and this is called as the hygienic branches these are called as the hygienic branches These are approximately 5 to 7 in number. These are approximately 5 to 7 in number. So remember that we have the small branches of clinic artery. Okay. And remember that these hyaluronid branches are end arteries. They do not anastomose with anyone. They are like ending in the screen. They are ending in the screen. so you already know if these end arteries are having any kind of obstruction obstruction or if i say embolism okay if there is embolism in these then there will be no blood supply if there will be no blood supply no oxygen will reach and that is something which is called as infarction and that is something which is called as the splenic infarction clinic infarction beta remember that planning infarction blood will not will decrease in the tissue okay oxygen will decrease in the tissue so there is less blood supply due to less oxygen and that is something which is called as the infarction and this clinic it will cause it will cause referred pain it will cause the referred pain to left shoulder and that is something which is called as care sign that is something that you have to remember it is the care sign that has been asked in the exam multiple number of times it hurts sign right apart from that beta you should remember if suppose this is the spleen if suppose this is the spleen and spleen is divided into like i'm dividing the spleen into four segments we have the superior segment and the inferior segment the superior segment and the inferior segment now remember the plane which is dividing the screen into two parts superior and inferior this plane it is a vascular plane a vascular plane can make a matlab there is no blood supply no blood Supply over here. Okay means branches are not anastomosing over here Okay. Now if there is like no branches, which are anastomosing over here It is an important line for like important part Okay, it can be used for surgical Yeah, surgical incisions, right? It can be used as surgical planes or surgical incisions so these planes can be used for surgical incisions right so that is something that we have to remember so now coming i hope the clinical correlations are clear to each and every one just give me a thumbs up in the chat box the clinical correlations are clear to each and every one yeah now coming on to the last topic that is the structures of the spleen splenic parenchyma so i'm just waiting for your thumbs up so that i can like continue yeah perfect perfect saikrishna i think you have like previously answered yeah shall we i hope everything is clear guys it's better if you like start reviving um answering in the chat box it Really looks nice if you just answer. Roteca, Sai Krishna, very good, beta. Bakio ke haath par mehendi lagi hoi hai. Do you know what happens in this way? If you text your loved ones, your boyfriend, your girlfriend, then the speed of your fingers is more than 64 kps. I mean, if you message on Instagram, then there is no end to your speed. And ask you a question, say to give thumbs up, ask if you understand or not. I don't know what to say to you. So, this is splenic parenchyma. It is divided into red pulp. Okay, it is 75% of splenic parenchyma. And we have the white pulp. White pulp. And remember, it is also called as malfeasance bodies. Malfeasance bodies. okay now the white palpita it is consisting of lymphatic nodules okay it is consisting of the lymphatic nodules okay now these lymphatic nodules are arranged around on eccentric arteriole eccentric arteriole and remember that it is something which is called as Malfugian corpus cells again from astrology point of view very important structure of spleen yeah Malfugian corpus cells so these lymphatic nodules what are arterioles guys what are arterioles these are arterioles make a difference so what is the difference between the arteries and the arterioles so these are lymphatic nodules which are like arranged around the eccentric arteriole and that proper structure i suppose these are the eccentric arterioles so these are the lymphatics which will surround the this uh whole eccentric arteriole and that structure is something which is called as the malfeasance corpus sense right malfeasance corpus uh corpus sense So yes, yeah, the red pulp, basically it is formed by the collection of cells. Okay, red pulp, it is formed by the collection of cells. It is formed by the collection of cells. Yeah, so yes. So yeah, in the reticulum in between the sinusoids. So if you just like want to know the cell population. Which cells you will see in the splenic parenchyma, guys? I want the answers in the chat box. Which cells you will see in the splenic parenchyma? Which cells you will see in the splenic parenchyma? Tell me, two answers quickly. Which cells are found in the brain? All of you have become quiet. Yeah, it is the all types of lymphocytes. Okay, we have all three types of blood cells. rbc wbc and platelets yes tanvi very good beta it is the rbc wbc platelets very good beta okay yeah we have macrophages also macrophages also right now remember the red pulp basically it consists of venous sinuses and yeah we have the splenic cord okay the splenic cord which is called as the splenic cord of bilroth uh more in number yes yes yes it is more in number yeah so the splenic parenchyma like it's composed of the red and the white pulp and the cell population will have all types of lymphocytes spread since and the macrophages that is something you have to know the clinical correlation the hair sign is very important that i have already told you that is due to splenic infarction and that is due to the embolism of the terminal splenic artery branches okay and the avascular plane and remember it is the most common ruptured abdominal vista the nerve supply the lymphatic drainage the venous drainage arterial supply the peritoneal ligaments that i've already discussed hylum of the spleen the visceral relations diaphragmatic relations the parts of the spleen the end surface borders okay the functions of the spleen the size and the weight the hand stictum the surface anatomy the side and the nature of the spleen so i have completed all the topic i hope Like you understood the topic. So just give me a thumbs up before leaving. Tomorrow I will continue with the anatomy of the pancreas. Tomorrow I will continue with the anatomy of the pancreas. So yeah, I want everyone to attend the session. The PDF will be uploaded on the Telegram group. No need to worry about that. Yeah. So yes. Goodbye, guys. Goodbye. Ciao. garima very good beta very good very good dimple sanjana very good actually angel matthews very good so tomorrow we'll meet uh yes saikrishna satyashri very good perfect tell you then we okay perfect

Okay. Now when I say lymphatic organ beta, you should remember in fetal life. Okay.

Can anyone tell me in the chat box, what is the function of spleen in the fetal life? What does it do in the fetal life beta? In fetal life it manufactures erythrocytes yes yes it manufactures erythrocytes right but in after birth after birth what does it manufactures guys yes very good Satyashree very good but what after birth yes Ashishtatta very good but what after birth Pitta after birth it manufactures yes it manufactures lymphocytes yes it manufactures lympho sites Now, yes, Sethi Usman, very good, very good, Pitta.

So, it is a lymphatic organ. Why? Because it is producing, it is manufacturing the lymphocytes, okay, after the birth.

Yes, fun mode, very good. Fun mode, very good. Now, side, Pitta, remember, it is, yeah, it is obliquely placed, okay, in the posterior part, okay? You can see over here, Pitta, I have tried to show you the spleen where it is, okay, placed. so you should remember it is obliquely placed now can anyone tell me in the chat box yes ravinder you're right anyone tell me in the chat box that from which rib to which rib it is like present yes so before that i'm just completing the statement it is obliquely present in the posterior Yes, the erythrocyte point is correct.

Yes, it is obliquely present in the posterior part of left hypochondrium. Now, I don't need to tell you which region is hypochondrium. You are very well aware that when we discussed nine regions of abdomen, so you were very well aware that this is the right side and this is the left side. So yes, it is present in the left hypochondrium hypo means yeah below the coastal hypochondrium is a coastal line and sub coastal plane yes sunmode you are no beta it's not right it is 9 10 and 11 shah srk good evening good evening beta so obviously it is present in the left hypochondrium and i would say the lateral two-third part the lateral two-third part it is present in the left hypochondrium plus yeah it is present partially in the hypochondrium what is hypochondrium for cartilage right so i told you that this will be left hypochondrium right hypochondrium right and this upper region of umbilicus will be epigastric so there is some portion in the epigastric region also or i can simply say it is partly in the epigastrium so yes it is present in the epigastrium as well and remember beta in the epigastrium it is medial one third okay in the epigastrium it is medial one third in the epigastrium it is medial one third so yes the side beta left hypochondria majority of the part okay and a little bit of in the epigastrium okay so now you already know when we talk about the surface anatomy beta okay Now you already know that if you start from last, so you can very well see that which red is this Pitta? Anyone in the chat box, the one which I have marked with the arrow.

Okay, can anyone tell me good evening Surveen Pitta? Good evening. So can anyone tell me which red is this? Yes. Can anyone tell me which red is this in the chat box?

Yes. krithi very good beta it is the 12th rib beta you can see it as the floating rib so yes i will write it over here very good very good dimples sharjeel usman darima surveen ravinder rauti satyashree fanmode very good floating rib very good so let us let us just number the ribs over here so that the picture is clear to everyone so this is the 12th rib the above one it is 11th okay then we ah yes then we have yeah the 10th rib and the 9th rib so you can see that you can very well see that yeah everyone is right so you are very well aware that it is lying opposite which three lips beta 9 10 and 11. so you can see it is lying opposing opposite which three ribs that is 9 10 and 11. so remember it lies opposite it lies opposite 9 10 11 okay 9 10 11 ribs now with its long axis parallel to tenth rib long axis parallel to 10th rib making an angle of 45 degree with horizontal 45 degree with horizontal now beta just see over here now suppose these are the yeah vertebras okay now suppose these are the vertebras they are situated in the midline let us understand the meaning of this particular statement now now suppose beta this is the 10th rib okay now suppose this is the 10th rib okay now suppose this is the 10th rib now i'm specifically talking about this 10th rib and now on the long axis okay which is like if we talk about the spleen the spleen is like present on this tenth rib like this okay the spleen is present like this the long axis of the spleen okay is parallel to the long axis of the tenth rib okay it is just overlying that and remember beta it is making an angle okay it is making an angle of 45 degree with the horizontal plane it is making an angle of 45 degree with the horizontal plane so this is the spleen and remember the long axis okay yeah of the spleen it is lying parallel to the 10th rib which is making an angle of 45 degree with the horizontal i hope this particular point is clear to everyone just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if this is um clear to everyone yes before writing the next point i want everyone to give me a thumbs up in the chat box yes perfect triti dimple very good beta very good surveying satyashree very good garima very good beta very good ravinder very good saikrishna very good sanjana angel perfect perfect beta now we don't remember a clinical correlation that we have to remember over here sri virgin rudika very good a point here clinically you have to remember that spleen is not palpable we can not touch and palpate but spleen is not palpable can anyone tell me the reason why can anyone tell me the reason why the spleen is not palpable yeah this spleen is not palpable as it does not extend below as it does not extend below the coastal margin beta as it does not extend below the coastal margin. So yeah it is lying just opposite to the strips so that that's why we cannot palpate it yes it's located in the heart ticket ticket because of it's very good so yes it does not palpable as it as it does not extend below the postal margin so i hope this is clear this particular slide is clear to everyone now moving on to the next part beta what is the size and the weight of the spleen and yes guys it follows a certain dictum and that is called as the harry stick and what does it says and what does it says it says that yeah you already know the odd numbers you know 1 3 5 7 9 and 11 try to write like this the way i am writing beta yes the way i am writing the rule of the odd numbers so yeah it is one inch one inch it is the thickness you of the spleen it is the thickness of the spleen remember three inches three inches it is the width it is the width or breadth we can say of spleen five inches five inches yes Yes, five inches. It is the length of the spleen.

Length of the spleen. Seven ounces. Now, when I say seven ounces, it is referring to the weight of the spleen, guys.

Weight of spleen and seven ounces is approximately equal to 200 grams. It is approximately equal to 200 grams, right? Yes. 9 to 11 9 to 11 beta you already know it lies deep it lies deep to 9th to 11th rib it lies deep to 9th to 11th rib i hope the size and the weight that is the harry's dictum it is clear to everyone and it is obviously shown in the picture as well so yes it is 9th 10th and 11th so it is lying deep to 9 10th and 11th rib okay and the long axis of the 10th rib it is parallel to the long axis of the spleen making an angle of 45 degree yes shreeper then very good beta okay i hope everyone understood the size okay and the weight and the other parameters that are related to the spleen so yes now coming on to the functions of the spleen so coming on to the functions of the screen yes shayasarkey very good that was like yeah so one function i have already discussed that in fetal life just i want to make it complete that's why i'm writing it it is manufacture of erythrocytes manufacture of erythrocytes and yeah in okay or after birth after birth it is manufacture of lymphocytes right it is manufacture of lymphocytes yes yes beta osman graveyard of rbc okay so i will write everything no need to worry after birth yes it helps in the manufacture of yeah manufacture of lymphocytes yes it also helps in the removing of worn out RBCs removing of the worn out RBCs even your language yesterday was the grand finale of Bigg Boss so my whole family was now into it you guys tell me quickly have you seen the grand finale of Bigg Boss yesterday?

the whole system shook it completely is the removing of the worn out rbcs yes and remember it is storage house of rbcs as well yes it is storage house of garima says yes and yes it releases them in circulation whenever needed it releases them in circulation whenever needed okay ravinder yes sharjeel yes okay perfect i hope the functions are clear i hope the functions are clear the harry's dictum is clear the nature site and surface anatomy is clear so we have discussed these topics now coming on to the shapes and features now coming on to the shapes and features now remember that whenever we talk about the shapes and features the external features basically remember we have two ends okay we have two ends of the screen i will draw a diagram also no need to worry i will draw a diagram also for you people so absolutely no need to worry so remember we have two ends okay we have two surfaces we have two surfaces of spleen we have two borders of spleen and yeah we have two angles of spleen yet not important that much but yes just to complete it i will write it we have two angles of the screen right now two ends split up Remember we have the medial end of the screen. Okay. And we have the lateral end, the lateral end, the medial end beta, it is towards the posterior part. Okay.

So it is at the posterior extremity, the lateral end, it is towards the anterior part. So we have the anterior extremity. Now two surface Pitta, one surface is called as the diaphragmatic surface. One surface it is called as the diaphragmatic surface.

Yeah. So diaphragmatic surface, the surface of the spring which is attached to the diaphragm, it is smooth Pitta. It is smooth.

Okay. and one surface it is the visceral surface it is the visceral surface and remember in the visceral surface visceral means organs it is attached to different different organs it is attached to the part of the stomach so it is the gastric impressions which you will see on the spleen the gastric yeah impressions yes shiva then i will take it as soon as i complete the abdomen part we have the colic impressions okay and pancreatic impressions colic impressions and pancreatic impressions and we also have renal impressions now renal impressions so visceral surface is basically the surface which is attached to these these organs okay the stomach the kidney the splenic flexure of colon, right? The pancreas.

So yeah, I will draw this diagram. So no need to worry at all. We have two borders, beta.

We have superior border and we have the inferior border of the spleen and two angles that is anterior or anterior basal angle and we have the posterior angle or it is also called as the posterior. basal angle. No need to remember the angles, not tapping for it.

So yeah, keeping this particular picture in mind, let us let us draw, let us just try to draw our own diagram. Let us just try to draw our own diagram. Yeah.

So now suppose this is the screen. okay now suppose this is the screen and there are certain notches which are present on the upper border upper means the superior border right so yes this is how a spleen will look like okay this is how a spleen will look like right so yeah let us let us just try to mark what all we have written so because this is this border better this whole line okay that is extending from top to below it is called as the superior border okay it is called as the superior or the upper border of the screen or the upper border of the screen right now remember that we have an intermediate border okay we have an intermediate border or also called as the medial border of the spleen okay did i have not mentioned it yes so this is yeah this is the medial border Okay, this is the medial border or I can also say the intermediate border. one border is above that is the superior border one border in between is the medial border and one border below that you will encounter it is called as the inferior border or i can also say the lower border inferior border or it is also called as the lower border of the screen lower border of the screen now after marking all the three borders remember we have two ends of the screen okay this is called as the posterior end of the screen okay this is the posterior end okay posterior end i have also mentioned it as the medial end of the screen right medial end of the screen okay because it is towards the medial side and yes when we come on to the anterior end now this whole beta this whole end it is called as the anterior end now this anterior end yeah this anterior end it is also called as the lateral end of the screen right it is the lateral end of the screen so we have the posterior end and the anterior end okay now now let us let us now study regarding these in short short details okay so beta superior border okay superior border it is now it is thin okay the superior border is thin it is convex okay it is convex okay and we can see these notches okay these notches are present and these notches which are present in the superior upper border these are called as the splenic notches these are called as the splenic notches and these splenic notches beta these are actually it can vary it can be one it can be two it can be three or it can be more than three and remember beta these splenic notches are developmental notches these are developmental notches okay developmental notches actually when spring develops it develops from the different uh pieces of the mesen kind okay different pieces of the mesen kind that's why these notches are there over over here right so yes that is about the superior border that you have to remember if we talk about the inferior border beta the inferior border beta comparatively as compared to the superior border it is thick okay it is thick it is rounded it is rounded and moreover it is smooth okay moreover it is smooth white is smooth because there are no notches which are present over here there are no notches which are present over here now coming on to the anterior yeah okay before coming okay the anterior end or the lateral end beta it is like broad okay it is broad and when i say broad beta you should understand that it is more like a border okay it is more like a border okay because it is broad okay now this interior end it is facing downwards okay it is facing downwards okay it is facing downwards forwards forward and to the left and to the left obviously if this is right side and this is left side so this is going to left side and going away from mid line so this is lateral if it is going away from mid line it is lateral part to the left basically towards the left mid axillary line yeah left mid axillary line axilla this is axilla part the middle line of this is called as the mid axillary line I will show you in 3D also then I have the picture over here I will show it to you guys no need to worry I have all the pictures with me yeah I will show you yes I will show you no need to worry left mid axillary line. No need to worry. Let us first draw it better, Srivardhan, and then I will show you.

Let us first draw our own picture so that we can relate to it. Remember the anterior end, it is related to phrenicocollic ligament. frenico-colic ligament okay i'll just correct this variance over here yes yes okay i will show you better no need to worry absolutely no need to worry we have the frenico-colic ligament now this anterior end or the lateral end it is related to this particular ligament colic means the um colic over here it is the splenic flexure of colon colic over here it is the splenic flexure of colon so yeah this end it is related to that also so i will just show you if you uh know we have the diaphragm better diaphragm okay diaphragm is the phrenic pole and this is the intestine and this is the splenic flexure of colon so yes the surface of the spleen uh it is the interior surface it is connected it is connected to this particular ligament okay and this ligament it is connecting the diaphragm to the splenic flexure of colon okay it is connected to from the diaphragm to the splenic flexure and obviously it is passing through the screen and which part it is the anterior end it is touching the anterior end and it is passing so that this spleen remains in its own position okay it does not allow the spleen to come down so it is acting like a barrier it is acting like a barrier okay so yes it is acting like a barrier not allows not allowing spleen to come downwards not allowing spleen to come downwards it is like this. This is the diaphragm. Take the splenic flexure of colon.

This is the splenic flexure of colon and this is the spleen. So there is a ligament from the diaphragm to the splenic flexure of colon and that ligament is called the frenicocollic ligament. Obviously, the diaphragm is the part of the colon.

The left flexure. So, frenico-colic ligament is formed and it is passing through this anterior end of the spleen. Okay. So, this ligament is touching the anterior end. It is just touching this particular point and it is passing down to the sphenic fracture of colon.

So, yes, it does not allow the spleen to come downwards. Right. I hope this is clear. I hope this is clear to everyone.

Sure. Yes. Now I have made it up.

Apart from that you have to remember the posterior end or the medial end. It is blunt or rounded. It is directed upwards, backwards and medial. and medial okay it is directed upwards backwards and it is directed medially it is like one and a half inches from the median plane of the body right so yes i hope this these all parts are clear to everyone and this surface which is the inner surface this is called as the visceral surface. If you got a thumbs up in the chat box this is called as the visceral surface okay okay it presents with hilum it presents with hilum vicky chaudhary dimple very good very good beta it presents with hilum okay now this visceral surface it is actually a rough impression okay it is actually a rough impression okay i will just show you um this okay the visceral surface it is concave also beta it is concave irregular One surface is towards organs.

So towards organs, towards abdominal organs. So that is the visceral, internal part. And one surface of the screen is towards upper, towards diaphragm. So that is diaphragmatic surface.

And what is one surface? This is the visceral surface. Yes, everyone is right.

Usman, Angel, Sanjana, Sai, Krishna. Very good. Very good, son. So I hope these parts are clear.

I hope these parts are clear. Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box if it is clear to everyone. so that i can move on to the next um okay before coming on to the next just just let us see in the atlas diagram also just let us see in the atlas diagram also so you can very well see beta over here you can see the developmental notches can you see these developmental notches so obviously this is the superior border this is the superior border now we have the posterior end beta many patata we have the anterior extremity okay which is just like a border Now you already know what is present in the middle. We have the hilum.

Okay, talking about the visceral surface. If you look down, we have the inferior border or the lower border of the screen. Okay, you can see the inferior border and the lower border of the screen. Hilum, I will talk in detail, okay, just in another couple of minutes.

Okay, so you can see all the surfaces. This one will be attached to the stomach part. We have the uh pancreas well apart then colic part so i will draw this particular diagram again to show the visceral relations of the yeah spleen okay so absolutely no need to worry about it okay jungle so yes yes can anyone tell me now now it's your chance to okay now it's your turn to tell me which part of the spleen is this which part of the spleen is this Tell me quickly. I am just trying to show the visceral view. Yeah.

Which part of the spleen is this? Okay. Which I have marked with A. Now you guys are going to tell me. Which is the B part?

Yes. Superior. What is Superior? You have to write it completely.

Hmm. What is Superior? You have to write it completely. Yes. Okay.

Fun mode. Very good. Safe use one. Very good. What is B?

What is this C? in which you are getting all contents what is this D beta already I have discussed these parts right yeah yeah ok superior border part is ok posterior end B very good beta it is the posterior end yeah very good we can say posterior end or medial end very good Karima very good guys what about C Fun mode it is right? It is the posterior end.

Yes very good beta. You can see these are the developmental notches beta. If you can see these are the developmental notches on the superior border.

Okay because it is developing from the different parts of the mesenchyme. Yes medial border or C. C medial border or more precisely the highlighted structure beta that is the high glom of the spleen.

okay that is the hilum of the spleen. You will not call C as medial but as intermediate because it is exactly in the middle. So yeah, so yes, let it be an intermediate border because it will be not a correct term because there is no lateral present here. So yes.

it is the intermediate border. D is the inferior border. okay i will come to this diagram again after a couple of minutes okay i will come to this diagram again after a couple of minutes because i have to discuss the visceral relations now coming on to the relations of the screen now coming on to the relations of the screen Now, can anyone tell me how many relations of the spleen are there? Can anyone tell me how many relations of the spleen are there?

Now, one it is the diaphragmatic relation of the spleen, the diaphragmatic surface, yes and one it is the visceral surface which is related to all the organs. so visceral surface i will again draw a diagram for you people no need to worry about that yes actually I am not talking about the impressions of the visceral surface. I'm just talking about the relation. Now first if we talk about the diaphragmatic relations diaphragmatic relations so remember the spleen is related to the diaphragm which separates spleen from which separates the spleen from now you can see the yeah you can obviously see the diaphragmatic part bit over here in this particular picture and yes it is separating the spleen from remember yeah the lower part of the left lung the lower part of the left lung right the lower part of the left uh lung yes sri marjan very good it is the diaphragmatic and the visceral part yes you're right okay we have the lower part of the left pleura now when i say left pleura you already know we have yeah the recess part okay and that is called as the costo diaphragmatic recess. It is called as the costodiaphragmatic recess.

It is called as the costodiaphragmatic recess. Right, the lower part of the left pleura costodiaphragmatic recess. Okay, then we have posterior parts of ninth, tenth, 11th ribs and their intercostal muscles and their intercostal muscles. So the spleen is related to the diaphragm in such a way that the diaphragmatic surface of the spleen, it separates the spleen from the lower part of the left lung, lower part of the left pura and it is called as the costodiphyromatic recess and the third one it is the posterior parts of the ninth.

10th and the 11th ribs okay so i hope the diaphragmatic surface is clear now coming on to the visceral surface beta coming on to yeah the visceral surface okay let us let us just try to draw this diagram and then we will again go back to the picture and understand okay so visceral means i'm showing you the spleen okay the interior surface of the screen like this how it is so now suppose beta this is the spleen in between the spleen we have this intermediate border which contains a structure that is called as the hilum where there is entry of like splenic artery and the splenic vessels right and yes this is the hilum so yes i will draw it a little nicer so that yeah so yes like this the picture is there so you already know that this structure it is the hilum of the screen hilum i will be discussing hilum i will be discussing okay now now beta the area okay the large concave area between the hilum okay the large concave area between the hydrum and the upper border upper means the superior border basically you can see okay you can see the fundus of the stomach attaching over this particular area fundus of the stomach attaching over this particular area so that is that is that you have to mention in your notes yes it is this area which is for gastric impression gastric impression that is the first visceral relation okay so i'm just talking about the visceral relations of the spleen so now when i say visceral means it will be related to the organs so this part of the spleen it is the largest part okay the largest impression because it is a large concave area it is a large concave area between hilum and upper border okay specifically it is the hilum and the superior border and remember the gastric impression why i'm saying it as the gastric impression because the posterior wall posterior wall of the fundus of the stomach is attached here fundus of stomach is attached over here i hope this is clear beta i hope this particular part is clear impression clear okay yes impression clear okay thumbs up that you guys are here along with me alive attending the session so that it gives me yeah dimple saikrishna very good very good now guys you are very well aware that this part okay between the hilum and the lower border okay between the hilum and the lower border this part it is of the spleen between yes every uh angel satyusman garima very good between the high lung and the lower border beta this is connected to the kidneys yes this is connected to the kidneys that's why it is the renal impression renal impression okay it is a small It is a small shallow impression. It is a small shallow impression between a hilum and lower border or I can say the inferior border and remember it is related to front of left kidney that's why it is like a renal impression the second impression it is the renal impression it is related to the front of the left kidney just below the hilum beta if we talk just below the hilum you should be yeah just below the hilum yeah we have pancreatic impression beta we have pancreatic impression and can anyone tell me in the chat box which part of the pancreas will be like present over here towards the left side. So we have the pancreatic impression. Yes now pancreatic impression basically it is related to anyone Yes, it is related to the tail of the pancreas. It is related to the tail of the pancreas.

Fun mode, Seki Usman, very good. Very good, beta. It is related to the tail of the pancreas. Yes, it is related to the tail of the pancreas. It is a small impression.

Okay, pancreatic impression. It is a small impression. yeah below the lateral end lateral end of the hylum right yes everyone is right yes very good now the remaining area beta the remaining area okay it is this remaining area beta it is connected to the splenic flexure of colon clinic flexure of colon splenic flexure of colon and this is something which is called as the polic impression.

Polic impression. Okay now remember it is a flat area close to lateral end of spleen. it is a flat area close to the lateral end of the screen okay so this is related to the left colic flexure okay and lower part lower part it is related to trinicocolic ligament trinicocolic ligament okay trinicocolic ligament.

So yes I hope this is clear to each and everyone. All the impressions are clear. So in totality beta you have to remember the four impressions.

I hope this is clear to everyone. You have to remember the four impressions beta. The renal impression, the left kidney anterior part, the gastric impression basically the posterior wall of the fundus of the stomach, pancreas and especially the tail of the pancreas.

and then we have the splenic flexure of colon okay the splenic flexure of colon basically it is attached to the left colic flexure that is the splenic flexure only and the lower part beta it is related to a ligament that i have already told you which is extending from the diaphragm to the colon it is the frenico-colic ligament which prevents the downward displacement of the spleen so yes just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys that you have understood this Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box that you have understood this so that I can start on with the next part. Yeah, Vicky, very good, beta. Dimple, very good. Perfectly fine. Yes, tell me quickly.

Sanjana, Garima, Angel, very good. Sanjana, Garima, Angel, very good. Perfect.

Tell me the rest as well. You guys tell me, this A part, beta, what is the impression? Which impression is this?

tell me tell me in the chat box which impression is this this a part cd usman very good which impression is a which impression is b which impression is c and which impression is d satyashree gas stick impression very good beta garima very good gas stick impression What does it say? Labeling the answers. You know, Sykrishna, gastric, dimple D, gastric. Very good, pitta.

Vicky, gastric. Satyashree says B is the splenic flexure of colon. Very good, Satyashree. Very good. Garima has given all the answers.

B is splenic, C pancreatic. Pancreas's tail part and D renal. Very good. Very good. Dimple D face.

B is splenic. Yes. Very good.

It's the splenic flexure of colon. Splenic flexure of colon. And if this doesn't happen, what will happen?

Left colic flexure. One of the same things. Left colic flexure. Okay. Vicky Chaudhary's splenic flexure of colon.

Usman. C, pancreas part. Yes. You should know beta in C.

It is lateral end of the hyaluron which will present as the tail of the pancreas. Yes. and the tail of the pancreas. Sai Krishna, D is the renal part. D is the renal part.

Very good, very good beta. Perfectly fine, fine. Next, I hope you all understood.

Till now we have already discussed the nature, site, surface anatomy, size and the weight that is the hairless, dictum, functions of the spleen, the shapes and the features. Already I have explained this with the help of a beautiful diagram. Apart from that, I have explained the relations of the spleen the diaphragmatic relations and the visceral relations which i have discussed um with the picture of the gray's anatomy atlas right so yes now starting with the next topic that is the hilum of the spleen now you can very well see that this part it is the hilum of the spleen okay the opening the opening in the spleen part you can see over here that is the hilum so this is the i know right it's a sister hi look so remember beta it is a longitudinal slit it is a longitudinal slit on visceral surface slit means opening of the visceral surface okay now between which two impressions okay it is between the gastric yeah and the bollock impressions no need to write that much now tell me what you can see in this particular uh hilum which vessels are present in this particular hilum i want you to answer this so it transmits now you guys are going to tell me it transmits what it transmits yes it is the terminal branches it is the terminal branches of splenic artery it transmits the terminal branches of the splenic artery we have tributaries of splenic vein. We have tributaries of splenic vein and the third one we have the autonomic nerves and lymphatics, autonomic nerves and lymphatics.

okay so you already know beta key when we talk about the splenic artery it is tortuous in nature and it is passing behind the stomach so you already know this is the celiac trunk and from the celiac trunk the largest branch of the celiac trunk it is the splenic artery the splenic artery it is tortuous in nature and when it reaches the greater curvature of the stomach it will divide into multiple branches okay and this is something which are called as the terminal branches of the splenic artery or if you call them the hyner branches or hyner branches of the splenic artery we have the splenic veins okay and then we have the autonomic nerves and this i hope this is clear i hope the hylum of the spleen is clear to everyone so just give me a thumbs up in the chat box guys that it is clear yes Are you all attending the class live, writing the notes along with me, beta? Perfectly. Dimple, Vicky, Garima, actually Angel, Sai Krishna, now.

Remember one more thing that the hilum of the spleen will give rise to two ligaments also. It will give rise to two ligaments also or I can say attachment to two ligaments. Attachment to two ligaments.

Can anyone tell me the name of the two ligaments guys? Can anyone tell me the name of the two ligaments? lino renal ligament between the spleen and the kidney and the gastro splenic ligament and the gastro splenic ligament yes lino renal ligament yeah between the kidney and the spleen or splenorenal ligament we post up there right so one of the same things now coming on to this peritoneal relations only guys peritoneal relations only now beta you already know he we have the anterior abdominal wall right and we have the posterior abdominal wall you already know the Stomach is developing.

the stomach is developing and stomach is basically endothermal because all the foregut part okay mid cut and hind cut it is all endothermal derived from the yolk sac apart from that you know the stomach is attached to yeah the stomach is attached to the anterior abdominal wall okay there is a mis-entry over here and that is called as the which is the misentery and the stomach is also suspended to the posterior abdominal wall because we know that the whole body is made up of endoderms so what will be present outside? Mesoderm and you are getting to see the modifications of mesoderms that is called as the ventral misentery ventral misentery and what will happen is dorsal misentery right dorsal mesogastrium okay dorsal mesogastrium yeah dorsal mesentery ventral mesentery after ventral mesogastrium mesogastrium right now you already know beta he the liver is developing in the front no need to no need to like learn about this and we have this spleen which is developing in the dorsal mesogastrium okay so yeah above we have like uh before we have the kidney right so the ligament which is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach and the spleen it is the gastrosplenic ligament gastrosplenic ligament and the ligament which is attached from the spleen to the kidney it is lino renal ligament okay lino renal ligament okay so if i just want to see a cross section beta if i if i'm just taking a cross section this already i have explained you in detail i'm just trying to see a cross section over here this is the anterior side okay this is the stomach in between this is the stomach okay and the stomach is suspended by mesentery. Now you already know the liver is developing over here the liver is developing and on the left part over here the spleen is developing okay the spleen is developing so this is the posterior side which i'm showing you right now so the spleen is connected to the stomach okay the spleen is connected to the stomach through a ligament and that ligament okay in the dorsal mesogastrium it is the ligno-renal ligament okay so this is yeah okay sorry it is the gastro between the stomach and the spring gastro splenic ligament yes yes very good fun mode very good and from the spleen you already know on the posterior wall we have something which is called as the kidney okay this is the kidney so from the kidney on the posterior abdominal wall yeah to the spleen we have another ligament that is connecting the screen to the kidney and that is something which you already know it is the leno renal ligament or spleen or renal ligament also spleen or renal ligament also so yeah what is asked in the exam are the contents key what what will you find in the gastro splenic ligament splenic artery Okay, splenic artery along with the splenic vein.

So yes splenic artery is one of the contents Contents you have to remember splenic artery Yeah, you will have the tail of the pancreas tail of pancreas in linoleum ligament you will have sorry sorry sorry uh i've just mentioned it hmm so yes yes see in the gastro splenic ligament okay tell me which artery you will see now tell me which arteries you will see in the gastro huh opposite right there so yes it is the short gastric vessels okay or i can simply say the left gastro epiploic vessel now when i say epiploic vessel beta you should be remember uh you should be like aware of i'm talking about both the arteries and the veins i'm talking about both the arteries and the veins okay now if we talk about the lino renal part you already know we have the splenic artery over here splenic artery we have the tail of the pancreas tail of pancreas yes yes very good guys and if yeah there is something which is common to both there is something which is common to both that we should know that is yeah the lymphatic part the lymphatics uh the pancreatic osplenic lymph nodes that you will see in both the ligaments pancreatic osplenic lymph nodes okay you will have yes extra peritoneal fatty tissue extra peritoneal fatty tissue and autonomic nerve fibers autonomic nerve fibers okay so this is like you have to keep in mind about the peritoneal ligaments okay i hope this is clear to everyone I hope this is clear to everyone. Just give me a thumbs up in the chat box. And this is something which you already know.

It is the stomach. So this ligament which is extending from the spleen to the stomach, it is the gastrosplenic ligament. And the one which is the ligament which is extending from the spleen to the left kidney, it is the lenorenal ligament.

Sanjana, Garima, Angel, Vicky, very good. What about the rest? Why aren't the rest giving answers?

Let's go. Keep giving us. This is a growing liver.

Look, because the size of the liver is large, there is a cavity behind the stomach that is called as the lesser sac. Right? And what is the next? Greater sac.

Right? So, this is like we already have discussed. arterial supply beta arterial supply i need not to tell you it is the splenic okay tell me the answer which artery supplies the stomach which sorry which artery supplies the spleen not stomach yes which artery supplies the spleen you already know we have the abdominal iota and from the abdominal iota we have a ventral branch that is called as the celiac trunk yes anyone in the chat box anyone who would like to answer celiac trunk and from the celiac trunk basically we have one branch that that is tortuous that is tortuous and yes splenic splenic fun mode dimple garima's ellen yeah vicky very good very good betitis the splenic artery very good hmm shall you already know okay suppose this is the stomach part so i'm not concerned about the stomach i'm just concerned about this yeah spleen now you already know this is the spleen everyone is right vicky very good So this, yes, that you have to remember that, yeah, it is passing behind the stomach and it is like reaching to the spleen and dividing into multiple branches.

Okay. It is also giving branches, esophageal branches down, left gastroepiploic artery and pancreatic branches. So no need to remember the branches of the splenic artery.

but you should remember the splenic artery it is the arterial supply to the spleen splenic artery that is the largest branch of the celiac trunk largest branch of celiac trunk okay now coming on to the venous drainage beta venous drainage it is done by which way you already know we have the yeah we have these okay for example you already know if suppose this is the spleen okay if suppose this is the spleen we have small small tributaries which will drain into the mains splenic vein okay so this is the splenic vein okay which is taking the blood there and you already know it combines with the superior mesentric vein to form the portal vein so main vein in which the splenic vein is draining it is the portal vein okay superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein will like conference together behind the neck of the pancreas and they will lead to the formation of the portal vein so yes that is about the venous drainage that you have to remember that is the splenic vein okay coming on to the lymphatic drainage of the screen coming on to the lymphatic drainage of the screen beta remember that the spleen has yeah the spleen has two bulb the yeah red bulb and the white bulb the red pulp or i can see the red the red bulb basically there are no lymphatics no lymphatics okay the red pulp there are no lymphatics yeah if we come on to the white pulp okay if we come to the white pulp or i can simply say that there are few lymphatics few lymphatics that arise from that arise from the capsule and trabeculae. Trabiculae is a meshwork type of a network okay and so they arise from the capsule and trabeculae and remember they drain into pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes. pancreatic splenic lymph nodes okay it is along the splenic artery these pancreatic splenic lymph nodes are along the splenic artery right so yeah majority of the part there are like no lymphatics but yes a small part that is like few lymphatics arise from the capsule and the chemical and they drain into the pancreatic splenic lymph nodes okay now coming on to the nurse supply so remember beta that we have sympathetic sympathetic vasomotor fibers vasomotor fibers from celiac plexus celiac plexus okay the celiac that is the network of the nose yeah we have sympathetic vasomotor fibers from the celiac plexus now coming on to the clinical correlations so the arteries veins uh already i have discussed this in detail guys like in the previous lecture so that was just a revision part that we have just discussed i hope till now everything is clear bit up just give me a thumbs up till now everything is clear yes good evening listen yeah i hope it's clear to everyone yeah now beta remember that the yes temple garima satyashree very good very good beta remember that the spleen it is the most common most common ruptured abdominal viscera abdominal Visra has many organs, we have stomach, small intestine, large intestine but the most common organ to get ruptured, Sanjana very good Pitta, it is the spleen so remember Pitta, spleen is highly vascular blood supply is very high, it is elastic, it is purple in colour color okay freeable okay it is moving with respiration it is moving with respiration so remember beta the small branches of spleen which i have already told you if this is the splenic artery so this plenic artery is giving small branches and this is called as the hygienic branches these are called as the hygienic branches These are approximately 5 to 7 in number.

These are approximately 5 to 7 in number. So remember that we have the small branches of clinic artery. Okay. And remember that these hyaluronid branches are end arteries. They do not anastomose with anyone.

They are like ending in the screen. They are ending in the screen. so you already know if these end arteries are having any kind of obstruction obstruction or if i say embolism okay if there is embolism in these then there will be no blood supply if there will be no blood supply no oxygen will reach and that is something which is called as infarction and that is something which is called as the splenic infarction clinic infarction beta remember that planning infarction blood will not will decrease in the tissue okay oxygen will decrease in the tissue so there is less blood supply due to less oxygen and that is something which is called as the infarction and this clinic it will cause it will cause referred pain it will cause the referred pain to left shoulder and that is something which is called as care sign that is something that you have to remember it is the care sign that has been asked in the exam multiple number of times it hurts sign right apart from that beta you should remember if suppose this is the spleen if suppose this is the spleen and spleen is divided into like i'm dividing the spleen into four segments we have the superior segment and the inferior segment the superior segment and the inferior segment now remember the plane which is dividing the screen into two parts superior and inferior this plane it is a vascular plane a vascular plane can make a matlab there is no blood supply no blood Supply over here. Okay means branches are not anastomosing over here Okay. Now if there is like no branches, which are anastomosing over here It is an important line for like important part Okay, it can be used for surgical Yeah, surgical incisions, right?

It can be used as surgical planes or surgical incisions so these planes can be used for surgical incisions right so that is something that we have to remember so now coming i hope the clinical correlations are clear to each and every one just give me a thumbs up in the chat box the clinical correlations are clear to each and every one yeah now coming on to the last topic that is the structures of the spleen splenic parenchyma so i'm just waiting for your thumbs up so that i can like continue yeah perfect perfect saikrishna i think you have like previously answered yeah shall we i hope everything is clear guys it's better if you like start reviving um answering in the chat box it Really looks nice if you just answer. Roteca, Sai Krishna, very good, beta. Bakio ke haath par mehendi lagi hoi hai.

Do you know what happens in this way? If you text your loved ones, your boyfriend, your girlfriend, then the speed of your fingers is more than 64 kps. I mean, if you message on Instagram, then there is no end to your speed.

And ask you a question, say to give thumbs up, ask if you understand or not. I don't know what to say to you. So, this is splenic parenchyma. It is divided into red pulp.

Okay, it is 75% of splenic parenchyma. And we have the white pulp. White pulp.

And remember, it is also called as malfeasance bodies. Malfeasance bodies. okay now the white palpita it is consisting of lymphatic nodules okay it is consisting of the lymphatic nodules okay now these lymphatic nodules are arranged around on eccentric arteriole eccentric arteriole and remember that it is something which is called as Malfugian corpus cells again from astrology point of view very important structure of spleen yeah Malfugian corpus cells so these lymphatic nodules what are arterioles guys what are arterioles these are arterioles make a difference so what is the difference between the arteries and the arterioles so these are lymphatic nodules which are like arranged around the eccentric arteriole and that proper structure i suppose these are the eccentric arterioles so these are the lymphatics which will surround the this uh whole eccentric arteriole and that structure is something which is called as the malfeasance corpus sense right malfeasance corpus uh corpus sense So yes, yeah, the red pulp, basically it is formed by the collection of cells.

Okay, red pulp, it is formed by the collection of cells. It is formed by the collection of cells. Yeah, so yes.

So yeah, in the reticulum in between the sinusoids. So if you just like want to know the cell population. Which cells you will see in the splenic parenchyma, guys? I want the answers in the chat box.

Which cells you will see in the splenic parenchyma? Which cells you will see in the splenic parenchyma? Tell me, two answers quickly.

Which cells are found in the brain? All of you have become quiet. Yeah, it is the all types of lymphocytes. Okay, we have all three types of blood cells. rbc wbc and platelets yes tanvi very good beta it is the rbc wbc platelets very good beta okay yeah we have macrophages also macrophages also right now remember the red pulp basically it consists of venous sinuses and yeah we have the splenic cord okay the splenic cord which is called as the splenic cord of bilroth uh more in number yes yes yes it is more in number yeah so the splenic parenchyma like it's composed of the red and the white pulp and the cell population will have all types of lymphocytes spread since and the macrophages that is something you have to know the clinical correlation the hair sign is very important that i have already told you that is due to splenic infarction and that is due to the embolism of the terminal splenic artery branches okay and the avascular plane and remember it is the most common ruptured abdominal vista the nerve supply the lymphatic drainage the venous drainage arterial supply the peritoneal ligaments that i've already discussed hylum of the spleen the visceral relations diaphragmatic relations the parts of the spleen the end surface borders okay the functions of the spleen the size and the weight the hand stictum the surface anatomy the side and the nature of the spleen so i have completed all the topic i hope Like you understood the topic.

So just give me a thumbs up before leaving. Tomorrow I will continue with the anatomy of the pancreas. Tomorrow I will continue with the anatomy of the pancreas.

So yeah, I want everyone to attend the session. The PDF will be uploaded on the Telegram group. No need to worry about that.

Yeah. So yes. Goodbye, guys.

Goodbye. Ciao. garima very good beta very good very good dimple sanjana very good actually angel matthews very good so tomorrow we'll meet uh yes saikrishna satyashri very good perfect tell you then we okay perfect

Transcript for:Understanding the Anatomy of the Spleen

Transcript for:
Understanding the Anatomy of the Spleen