[Music] there are a number of key symbols in 1984 one is a manual Goldstein it's likely Emmanuel Goldstein doesn't even exist and symbolizes the power of groupthink the party needs to compare itself to someone something a scapegoat in order to maintain its superiority Goldstein symbolizes all that is not the party some make them an object of hatred and others make them an object of hope another symbol is the telescreen the telescreen symbolizes the party's continual surveillance and total power over its people it transmits both ways watching its Watchers telescreens are everywhere representing omnipresent control news speak and the memory hole are important symbols Newspeak is the continual revision and editing of the English language and symbolizes the total thought control by the party Newspeak keeps the people ignorant of the past and therefore unable to really learn anything new eventually all real knowledge or old speak which is the original English language will be gone the memory hole is an incinerator where all previous true documents and photographs get tossed this symbolises thought control and the restructuring of what is true if people don't have words to express themselves they can't say what they actually think and the memory Hall keeps people ignorant of what really happened in the past Big Brother is an important symbol his enormous face is on the telescreen posters outside and inside he's a direct and literal symbol of the party serving as a constant reminder that the people are under constant surveillance everyone is told that big brother is watching them and that's supposed to feel comforting but it evokes terror the false equation two plus two equals five is a symbol of the lies that the party presents his truth to be accepted Big Brother will fall if enough stay conscious and believe that two plus two equals four the false equation also serves as a symbol of Winston's defeat at the end of the book where he's lost his humanity and now accepts lies as truth the glass paper is a symbol of beauty for beauty's sake and of Winston's past a childhood he barely remembers the Kuril inside symbolizes the preserved love that Winston shares with Julia and when the paperweight is shattered by the thought police Winston and Julia's hopes and relationship are shattered - the rented room and singing / old woman are important symbols that reflect the temporary sense of security and vain hope for a free world Winston and Julia share the sound of the singing woman's voice causes Winston to think that he has relative freedom a boot stamping on a human face symbolizes the party's control not to make life better for others the party's power will grow even greater over time and oppression will increase Oh Brian tells Winston that the future looks like a boot stamping on a human face forever the boot represents power through domination and crushing human emotion and freedom [Music]