Trade to Territory Lecture Notes

today bright and early hi pragya hi aman hi guru hi khushboo hi neeru hi devil hi amrita hi salomi hi abhay hi ocean hi amrita hi navya guys i'm not late what are you saying so guys sometimes what happens is that you know even uh when i'm live i don't know if i'm there or not so i have to wait a little to check hi raman hi ridhi good afternoon good afternoon so how are you all doing today what's up what new remember you Gama so guys the light keeps going off so I might be in the dark in between so I'm sorry for that hi Kavya hi Chugendra hi Vanmai hi Debasmita right hello hello important history chapter of your class 8 from trade to territory the company establishes power this is the most important chapter actually it's you know very important also very very interesting this chapter will answer your major question how did the british come to india as traders and how eventually they succeeded into becoming this huge territorial power in india they came like traders small small please give us cotton give us silk then how did they become you know how did they control such a huge territory that's what we are going to do in today's chapter and at the end of course menti hoga we are going to have a menti at the end of the session can you tell me tell me hi snigdha okay so guys uh again i'm sorry if you're not able to see me clearly the light is uh you know light's gone so i just have a bulb that's brightening my face good afternoon hi amrita hi shubhi So guys show me your attendance right now by giving a like to the video. Give a like to the video to show me that you are attending. Subscribe to the channel if you are new. Give me a heart right now if you are new. If you are seeing me for the very first time. Hi Padhan. Hi Alugu. So guys I have started remembering your names also. Great. Hi Padhan. Hi Ashik. Azan you know the answer. It's okay, still you can be in the session to revise. Hi Himanshu, good afternoon, good afternoon. Alright, so 150 people watching but very few likes. Guys, give me a like, show me your attendance. Attendance, abhi isi vaak thoko. So that I know that you are there in the session, right? That you are excited for the session. Now before I begin, let me tell you what the weekly schedule this week looks like. Today of course, I am going to start with your chapter from trade to territory. Very important chapter. The entire week we are going to continue with this chapter. We are going to do little little parts so that it's not a lot for one day. Tomorrow, 15th June, we are going to do this amazing standalone. Why did pirates wear an eye patch? Do you know the answer? If you don't, then guys be there at 8 o'clock tomorrow to know what the answer is. It's a very very very interesting session. Remember tomorrow. 8 pm, do come to this session. Apart from that, this is a weekly schedule. If you guys want to know, you know, when exactly you have your classes so that you don't miss out on any of the sessions, subscribe right now. And wait, if you are new, subscribe. Press the subscribe button. The bell icon is the most important, guys. Press it so that you get your notification. You do not miss out on any classes. And of course, like the video right now so that I know you are attending. Hi, Sarita. Hi, Ansh. Hi, Himanshu. Ma'am please, yes of course I remember you Abni. Alright, so guys were you there for the Sunday session where me and Hari Priya ma'am took the road safety test? Were you there for that? Yes Priya. Yes, yes, no, what? So guys, we told you Sunday we can have a lot of fun and we did have a lot of fun in that session. If you have not seen that video, you totally should. Because you will come to know a lot about... a lot of things about Hari Priya ma'am that I reveal. Hi Dev, Hi Pratima, Hi Hari. Okay na man I will start the class. You guys before we start we're going to begin with a very you know interesting thought and that is when you are kind to others it not only changes you it also changes the world. Right that means that if you have to choose between being right and being kind always choose being kind. Being nice, even in the chat box, you know, I sometimes look at your comments and I think that the best kids are those who are kind to each other. And of course, more important is being kind to yourself. If you're not doing well in your exams, you know, if you're not reaching your goals, it's okay. It takes time. Be kind to yourself and be kind to others. With this amazing thought, let's start today's chapter. yes yes ah riddy ma'am I like to take your classes yes riddy I will soon be starting micro courses you can also attend my micro course if you take the vizantutro subscription but that I will tell you after some time so can we start ready hats to you too guys if you're giving me a heart that means you're new to the channel welcome to the channel and subscribe Where do you live? I live in a house. What about you? Living in a cave? Right, yes, Menti is also there. Menti is also there. Poonam, we will try doing that. Don't worry. Okay, so let's quickly start. Thank you Shubhi for saying that. Hi Ansh. Alright, so guys, today as I told you, we are going to start the chapter from trade. to territory the company establishes power we are going to understand how did the british come to india again as traders how did they eventually establish power who who was this company east india company kaha se hai i said this sprout out like mushroom na it came from somewhere right how did it start trade in bengal how did it eventually enter indian politics All of this we are going to do in your today's session. So guys, today's session is very important. So please wear your attention hat. Pay full attention. Keep your distractions away. Keep your mobile phones away. Mom and dad are here to say hi. Don't say hi back. It's a very important chapter. If you understand today's part, you are going to understand your entire class 8. it is very important now before we start guys when i started your young wonders class 8 you know social studies i took this video called class 7 going to class 8 basic concepts if you have not watched that video please watch that video also and how we enter your class 8 very important video. So if you just go through that, you will easily understand what we are talking about today. I will explain a little but watch that video also so that you can understand it well. You are there? Great! Alright, so let's get started. Gama, how much should I tell you? I live in a house. I live in Bangalore. Alright, let's begin. So guys let's start. So today as I told you what did we study in the last chapter of class 7th standard? We looked at how the Mughal Empire started declining after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. Aurangzeb was the last powerful Mughal Emperor. After he died, all the Mughal Kings and Emperors were weak. They are not able to hold the entire territory of the Bughal Empire. So the country starts fragmenting into different parts. Our country starts dividing into small parts. For example, you have the Marathas, you have Bengal, you have Hyderabad, Awadh. These are the Rajputs. They start asserting their independence, their authority. They start becoming kings of their own regional states. So Delhi is no longer the main centre, you know, powerful centre. Under the Mughal Empire, till Aurangzeb was alive, Delhi was a very important capital. Because that is where all the kings sat and they ruled such a huge territory. But Aurangzeb dies, Mughal Empire declines, there is no longer a strong ruler. We see the emergence of, you know, your small regional states, Rajputs, etc., Marathas, etc. And it is in this scenario. when our country is fragmented, divided into different parts that we see the entry of East India Company or the British this is in the second half of the 18th century alright so that is a little bit of a background as to how India was before the arrival of the British this was the scenario you know we were fighting amongst each other we did not have a united front alright okay now let's look at what is this East India Company? Where did it come from? You know, who are they? So guys, kya hua tha ki India, if you remember your 7th standard history, India was well known throughout the world as Sone ki Chirya, as a golden bird. You know, we were already trading our good quality, very fine quality silk, cotton, pepper. Our goods were in great demand in the European market. Toh Europe ki jo trading companies the, they wanted to come to India and buy our goods directly. So one such company was the East India Company. It was a trading company belonging to Britain. For example, today we have different companies, Tata Company, Reliance Company. This was a trading company called the East India Company. It belonged to Britain. It wanted to come to India to buy our goods at a very cheap price and sell it in the European market at a very high price. Okay, did you understand? Now, the East India Company did a very smart thing. In 1600, easy date to remember, right? 1600, it went to Queen Elizabeth I, who was the ruler of Britain. And she said to Queen Elizabeth, please give us permission to go to India and trade there. Give us a permission, a charter to be the exclusive person to trade with the East. Sole right means exclusively give us the right to trade with India, Africa, you know, Asian countries, Indonesia, Malaysia. All of these countries are Eastern countries. So the East India Company was granted a charter to do it. Now it became the only company from Britain to go to East and to trade. East India companies thought that it is a very interesting thing, there is no competition, we will go to India, buy goods at 2 rupees, sell it in the European market for 100 rupees, we will be so rich. But that was not true. The problem is, I am going to come back to that slide. The problem is that when they reached India, they saw that Portuguese had already established their control. Portuguese had already established their control. A Portuguese explorer had already discovered the sea route to India. So this is India. This is Africa. Here is Britain. So Vasco da Gama had already discovered the sea route to India via Cape Town. Okay. So Portuguese were already there. Dutch and French were already there. East India Company said this is a lot of competition. We will get stuck in this. Right. Now let's understand what were these trading companies. These trading companies were called mercantile trading companies. What is a mercantile trading company? A mercantile trading company is that business enterprise that does not manufacture anything of themselves. They are those trading companies that are not making anything themselves. You know, East India Company, Dutch East India Company, Portuguese East India Company They weren't manufacturing their own cotton silk They were not manufacturing anything The only thing they were doing was buying something from India at a low rate Taking it to Britain and selling it at a high rate Like the ones who sell clothes They take newspaper from you, they buy newspaper from you for 5 rupees And then they sell it to the other area for 20 rupees So they were Kapadi Walas who had come to India to buy our goods. And they did so. So now the problem was that these are trading companies from Europe who were coming to India and all of them wanted to buy the same things. They wanted to buy our cotton, our silk, our pepper, cloves, cardamom, elaichi, cinnamon, dal, sugar. They were coming to India to buy these goods from our country. However, The problem is that everyone wanted the same thing from India. All these trading companies were coming from Europe to India to buy the same thing. This created competition. So when competition emerges, prices increase. For example, let me give you an example. When the COVID situation started, when coronavirus became this thing, what happened? Everyone wanted to buy a mask. Everyone wanted to buy a hand sanitizer. So the hand sanitizer which was for Rs.100, the price of that became Rs.500 in the market. Because the demand increased. Similarly, when all these trading companies came to India, everyone wanted to buy Indian goods. They wanted to buy our silk, our cotton. So the merchants of India said, okay, there are so many people who want to buy our cotton and silk. Let us increase our prices. earlier they sold their products for 10 rupees now they started selling the same products for 50 rupees they said okay if you don't want it someone else will buy it right so because the competition increased earlier the cotton they used to buy for 10 rupees east india company and sold it in the european market for 100 rupees with increasing competition increase of prices They had to now buy the same cotton for 50 rupees and they were selling it for 100 rupees. What was the problem with that? Let's change the color. The profits decreased. Earlier, profit was of Rs. 90. Now, profit is of Rs. 50. Profit of the East India Company decreased. Easy. I am going to revise the entire thing in 2 minutes. Problem? All of these trading companies from Europe were coming to India to buy the same things. The same cotton, pepper, spices, silk etc. Now because they wanted to buy the same things, demand increased. Because demand increased, I told you, when demand is high, price also increases. If everyone wants my cotton t-shirt, I will sell it for 1000 rupees. Right? So when prices increased, trading companies'profit decreased. Earlier they used to earn profit of 90 rupees, now they are earning profit of only 50 rupees. Right? So their profit decreased. So, this was obviously not liked by the trading companies. They worked so hard, made ships and came to India. They wanted to earn a lot of profits from India. So they started attacking each other. Trading companies started attacking each other through arms. They started blocking each other's ship routes. They started bombarding each other's ships. They used to throw bombs on each other's ships. So that their ships didn't reach the European market. And this is very important. They started fortifying. their trading post fortifying means fortifying fortifying building forts so in India guys again very important listen carefully in India for example Britishers here they made their trading post here what is a trading post it's like a storage house You know, they are going all around the country, they are buying goods from Bengal, from Tamil Nadu, from Calcutta, from Gujarat and they are storing all the products here in the trading post. After a few days, the ship arrives, they put it in the ship and they take it to the European market. So these companies started attacking each other's trading posts so that the goods do not reach the European market. Now to protect these trading posts, the British East India Company and other East India companies started fortifying the trading post started building forts like the Kings used to build forts around their house so they started building forts around their trading post now, from this point, local rulers started facing problems obviously, imagine, in Bengal for example, British East India Company came to Bengal for trade Bengal Nawabss are happy. They are saying, okay, come trade with us. We are happy. But now they have started building their forts on our land. So Bengal Nawabss said, what is this? Good that you are coming to our home, you know, to buy our goods. But how can you build your forts on our land? This is not fair. So imagine the Sabziwala is coming to your house, on your colony and they start building their house in your colony. You will say, what is this? This is not your land. How can you build your house? So this is what created a conflict a confrontation you know east india company and local rulers so this is like the basics you have to understand okay let me see the chat once thank you teja so sweet of you all right yes riddhi queen elizabeth gave permission to the east india company so guys i hope you got this much If you come on time, you will understand. So can we move on to what happens next? Alright, so now let's understand what exactly happens when East India Company comes to India. Now when East India Company comes to Bengal, it establishes its first factory on the banks of river Hooghly. Hooghly is a beautiful river in Bengal. There it builds its factory in 1651. Now you are going to say, but ma'am, Britishers were not producing anything. You know, they were buying goods from India, selling it in the European market. Why did they have to establish a factory in India? That's because factory, you know, then is not what we understand today. Us time factory was a term used to define, you know, saare British officials, East India Company ka officials maa baithte the. They had their trade-in posts there, their storage houses there. So that entire area was called a factory. and there the officials who sat there, you know the officers, the traders, they were called factors. They were called factors. So all of this entire factory where godowns, storage houses, offices were made was established in Bengal in 1651 on the banks of river Googly. Now I told you that they have built trading posts and offices to protect this. The East India Company started building forts around it. Now if they build forts in Bengal, then Bengal Nawabs will have a problem. Bengal Nawabs said what is this? Building fort on my land without my permission. That is one issue. Second issue that came up was that the East India Company went to Aurangzeb who was then ruling India. It is about 1696 guys. Right? Aurangzeb died in 1707. So the East India Company, they go to Aurangzeb and they tell Aurangzeb that Sir, we want to trade in your country. We want to trade in your country. So please now help us out. Aurangzeb issued a Farman. What is a Farman? Farman means Royal Order. Royal order, an edict, when a king gives an order that East India Company will have the right to trade in India duty free or tax free. That means that East India Company can trade in India, can buy things from India without paying tax, they can trade in India. very good for the East India Company but East India Company started manipulating this privilege This order is given to the entire company So today if the government says that Reliance Company should not pay tax Company will not pay tax but the officials who are working in the company they will have to pay tax The order is only for the entire company so this is what happened Aurangzeb gave the Farman the exclusivity to trade in India without paying tax to the entire East India Company. But the officials started doing private trade. So, like I am an official of East India Company. I will go to the market and I will buy 10 kg cotton. I am buying it and I am privately selling it in the European market. But when I am asked to pay tax, I will say I am not paying tax. Aurangzeb gave me a Farman. Aurangzeb gave me this right to you know do trade duty free but that was wrong Aurangzeb gave that right to the company not to the official okay so they started misusing the privilege all right I hope you got this much yes okay Aurangzeb yes Thomas Robert okay so now guys this created a problem you understood all the problems Britishers come to India great They started trade with our country, even better, we are happy, our merchants are earning so much money. The problem started when they started building forts around their trading posts. You know, they started building their offices, houses. So the Nawabss of Bengal started to say, what is this? Why are you building your offices on our land? Second problem is they started misusing the order given out by Aurangzeb, the farm man given out by Aurangzeb. the staff they refused to pay tax to the Bengal. So the Nawabss of Bengal said this is not fair right. So when Aurangzeb died in 1707 the entire situation changes. The Nawabss of Bengal said that Aurangzeb is dead no one powerful you know who can rule us we will be kings of Bengal. So now the Nawabs of Bengal remember this the first Nawabs of Bengal Murshid Kuli Khan, then you have Ali Vardy Khan, Ali Vardy Khan and then you have Siraj Uddaula. Okay? Murshid Kuli Khan, Ali Vardy Khan, Siraj Uddaula. All three Nawabss are very strong, very powerful. They do not bow down in front of the British. They tell the Britishers that look, Aurangzeb is dead. We do not agree with this wish. Now start paying taxes to us. stop building your houses on our land, stop fortification, stop building your forts, stop minting money Britishers were also minting money, they were minting coins they said stop minting money and start paying taxes alright? Nawabss said more that East India Company is very disrespectful they not only come to India to you know to build their forts but they are also disrespecting the Nawabss in letters. So they accuse the East India Company of being disrespectful. East India Company obviously won't stay quiet. East India Company said that you know this is very unfair. We are only a small trading company. Please let us trade in your country without paying tax. Please allow us to build forts. Only then we can earn profit. But the Nawabs said no, this is not done. Please pay taxes, please stop your fortification or we will attack you. Now these two, the arguments were on different sides. So you have the East India Company on one side saying we will not pay taxes. You have the Nawabss of Bengal saying pay taxes, do stop your fortification or else. This confrontation. ultimately leads to the very famous, very popular, very important Battle of Place. It is a very important battle, Battle of Place, because it is this battle that finally allows the entry of British into Indian politics. Till now, the Britishers did not want to rule India. They only wanted to earn money. But it is this battle that changes the entire face of the East India Company. What is this battle? What happens? This is something we'll do in your next session. But I hope you understood till here. What was the condition of India before the coming of the British? Who were the East India Company? Why did they come to India? Third part you understood? When they came to India? When they established their factory in Bengal? How did that lead to a confrontation with the Nawabss Why did the fight happen? Because of our local rulers Ultimately, the fight got so intense that it led to the Battle of Placid Alright, in 1757 This is the background of what we studied till now Guys, I want you to read the entire history like a story read it like a story how to write the questions, how to answer we will do all of that also For now just listen to the entire thing like a story. Okay? Alright. Please explain factory again. So guys factory is nothing but the area where offices of the traders were. So the people who worked in the offices were called factors. Okay? Factors. Nowadays officers are called factors. There were storage houses too where all the goods were stored. so this in trading posts where goods work you know kept all of this area was called a factory kuch produce nahi ho raha tha you know paper pencil nothing was being produced here it was only an area where the officials operated they had their offices etc right Albert like will do in the next class all right so guys hi kamaarappu what is class is sachee i'll tell you in the next session Manmohan very easy confrontation started because think about it Britishers came to India They came to trade very good but they started building forts They started building their own houses in India They said we will not pay tax right They said we will not pay tax So obviously our Nawabss got upset They said who are these Paraglis coming to our land disrespecting us This created a problem Simple right, it is not difficult Someone came to your house and they start living there in your house, what will you do? you will not welcome them, you will say get out of my house ok, I cannot be more clearer in my explanation guys ok so let's go towards the Menti, go to www.menti.com but before we go into that, very important information my batches are starting, and guys there are 3 batches of 8 chandit 8G, 8H, 8I All three batches are starting this month. 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You can take our premium package which is 5400. It is a little expensive because you get personal attention. Only 15 students in one class. So you can try that out also. But I would say come for ProLite. See how the Vedantu platform is. It is super awesome guys. I am not saying this just like that. It is very fun. You study well. You get a proper calendar. You can watch the replay. You get notes, assignments. And even I will start giving notes. So all... All of these things are available to you. Okay, so here you can purchase it. How to purchase? Lots of ways you can do it. Any card, EMI, however you want to pay, you can pay. Not only social studies, you get English, Maths, Science and General Knowledge. Okay, these are the things that are available to you. Alright, so guys, of course, you know these are amazing teachers. If you don't want to study with me, there are other good teachers who teach, so you can join their batch also. But my batches are starting this month. If you want to be in my batch, do come guys. It's a lot of fun. Alright, so that is it for now. Let us go back to...I think, where did it go? So guys, we have a platform like this. We have your quizzes, we have the leaderboard. We also have students from all around the world. So these are a few of my students, you know, who I am talking to. You also get micro-courses. So micro-courses like additional, you know, if you want to revise that chapter, very few students are there in micro-courses. You can directly talk to me. So all of that is also available. This is the slide from trade to territory which we teach during class. Okay? Okay, so guys very very important use the coupon code SUGPRO while you are coming so that you know come to my batch and while you are entering Vidantu. You will get the link in the description below. Press it and come for a month. That's it. Why come? because I promise that you will improve in your exam if you were a 70% student then you would have become a 90% student so if you don't become a student if you feel that you wasted money and lost it there was no benefit so I will give you all that money back Vedantu promises that all that money back will be given to you but of course you will have to come in 75% classes and you will have to do a few assignments and we assure you that you will see an improvement especially for your parents guys this is especially for your parents who might think why should we put our child in that use simple coupon code SUGPRO and please come to my batch just for one month you can see how the batch feels like alright so let's go to pretty soon soon Dakshesh happy birthday Hi Purva! Okay, so guys go to menti.com. Please type in the code 158-31688 to join the Menti. Or any question, anything you want to ask about the batch or how to join, you can totally do that. Renu, yes, I said Elizabeth I, right? I think. Queen Elizabeth I. Yes, Aryan, this is the second chapter of history. Alright, yes, I will give homework also, Krishna. Who are the Nawabs of Bengal? Gama? First it was Murshid Kuli Khan, then Ali Vardy Khan, then Siraj Uddaula. Important because it could come in Menti. Yes, yes. Guys, I will also be making a video soon as to how you can use these online classes to make notes. So don't worry about that. Thank you Mudrika. Alright, so let's go my Instagram ID. Good question. So guys, it is surabhi.vedantu. You can follow me there if you want, if you don't want, it's okay, don't follow. Alright, so let me be Chhutanku and let me refresh the page. Yes, yes. Shubhi will give you homework, don't worry. You guys are such nice kids, ma'am give me homework. Jashwant, really? Guys, I... I mean personally I love the platform. I wish I was a student. If I had something like this, that I would have joined as soon as I get home. You know I get assignments also, tests also, classes also. I would have joined. But it's up to you. Of course no one is forcing you. If you guys think that this will help you, you should join. Right? Great Nishtha. I hope I helped. So guys, if you are new to the channel, subscribe right now so that you do not miss on any class. Quickly. Thank you, Azan. No, I am not from Maharashtra. I am from Delhi. Can we start? Yes. Quickly. Come on, quickly. Let me just refresh once more because I can see less students. Thank you, Ashik. All right, Aditya. Who was the king after Aurangzeb? Very good question. Angira, guys. His name was... Okay, you know what? This is our first homework question. We need that extra effort medal, right? So, you will put this in the comment section. Who was the king after Aurangzeb? And what was he popularly known as? he had one name but he was popularly known as something else. Alright so let's quickly begin the first question of the mentee is in front of you. No first we'll wait for all the players. Okay, now we have fish, snake, lion, melon, watermelon, great. Thank you Krishna for saying that it's okay. Alright, let's start with the first question of the day. Who was the Nawabs of Bengal after the death of Ali Vardy Khan? Mir Qasim, Siraj-Ud-Daula, Murshid Kuli Khan or Manmohan Singh? Who was the Nawabs of Bengal after the death of Ali Vardy Khan? Padhan, Sangeeta, Menti Code is 15831688. Upar dikh raha hoga na chota sa. Are you sure? By the way, it could also be Manmohan Singh, no? Time is up. Four people have said Manmohan Singh. Bachcha, kya bolu mein aapka? Kya bolu? Nahi, the answer is Siraj-ud-Daula. First it's Murshid Kuli Khan. Then you have Ali Vardy Khan. Then Siraj-ud-Daula. Aur bhi se beach mein. But these are the famous and very important Nawabss who stood up against the Britishers and said You cannot come into my country and build your house. Get out. And pay taxes. So these were the important strong Nawabss that you have to remember. Alright, leaderboard, let's see. Jashwant, please reply on Telegram. Guys, I am not very active on Telegram because I work all day. So I don't get time. So we have Krishna Verma on top. Then we have Nishtha, Bini, Charvi, Aradhana, Shreeja, Jashwant, Aditya, Aryan and Soumya. top of the leaderboard good job question two of question five is is who discovered this sea route to India in 1498 Vasco da Gama Albert Einstein Queen Elizabeth or none of these this sea route from Europe to India, very important sea route Because before this trade used to happen through the Red Sea Do you remember the 7th standard history? Through the Red Sea, through the Middle East trade used to happen Through the Silk route But after the discovery of this sea route They would come by ships and directly come to our country Time is up People who said Albert Einstein What is happening guys? Albert Einstein was a scientist He didn't have time to discover sea routes. It was Vasco da Gama who discovered that sea route and established their Portuguese headquarters in Goa. Alright. Let's look at the leaderboard. Krishna Verma still on top but Himanshu was the fastest. We have Nishtha, Shreeja, Vineet, Anandi, Shreeja, Charvi, Aryan and Soumya. Yeah. Sundar sir discovered that route. Sundar sir can do it. He can totally do it. Question 3 of question 5 is in front of you. When did Aurangzeb die? Year. It's a very important year. I have said it a thousand times. 1700, 1707, 1705, 1708. Jagriti, happy birthday. Missed the click, Sneha. It's okay. It happens. Come on guys quickly! Ritu are you sure? Guys it's a very easy date to remember because one number repeats out of this. 1707. So 7 is getting repeated. 1707. Aurangzeb dies. Remember this. Keep it from now itself. Then Aurangzeb dies. Then the Mughal Empire starts declining. Alright, who is on top of the leaderboard? We have Nishtha on top. Then we have Charvi, Vineet, Sreejan, Sachi, Krishna, Verma, Sejal, Aradhana, Saksham who is someone from class 7 but she wants to study class 8 and Shivangi on top of the leaderboard. Good job guys. He died by getting infected from COVID. Ha! No. So guys Aurangzeb actually dies at a very old age and you know his lifelong aim was to defeat the Marathas. You know if you studied 7th standard with me then you know the entire story. It's a very interesting story. Alright the next question is The first English factory was set up on the banks of which river? Ganga, Yamuna, Oogli in Das. I'll give you a hint. Guys the first factory was established in Bengal. So which river? we talking about are you sure Indus wow yes geography padhaungi main where is Indus where is Bengal Sakshyam kujhbi time is up the fastest fingers list sorry fastest fingers is in the Vedantu app we have hootly as the correct answer And let's look at the leaderboard. Krishna Verma bachcha niche chala gaya. But right now on top is Nishtha, Charvi, Krishna Verma, Sachi, Shivangi, who's fastest, Sejal, Vineet, Shivangi, Sajjam and Adarsh, who says he will win. But right now he's at the bottom. Final question. Final question of the day is in front of you. Let us see. Guys, important question hai. Listen, what does the word Farman mean? Aurangzeb gave out a Farman. Royal order, royal dress, royal procession or royal food. Aurangzeb gave out a Farman saying that the East India Company can trade in India duty free without paying taxes. Remember? What is mercantile? Ritu, mercantile means that type of business. companies, those enterprises which buy something from one country at a low price and sell it at a high price. So that's what the East India Company did. Yes, the answer is Royal Order. I even gave you an example, Aurangzeb gave this order. Aurangzeb didn't give East India Company a royal dress to wear or royal food to eat. What? Anything. Alright, let's look at the final leaderboard of the day and see who is the winner. Is Adarsh gonna win? Can he? No! We have Nishtha who is on top So guys, clap, clap, don't be jealous of her Give her an applause, congratulations Nishtha to be on top of the leaderboard Now before we go guys Today's homework is in front of you What attracted the European trading companies to India? Why did the European trading companies come to India? To buy what? This is the question for the day The name of the top 5 people who will be written in the comment section Random 5 people who will give their answers before 2 o'clock tomorrow I will put their names And one extra effort medal Those who have watched the entire video will know what that extra question is So guys that's it for today Alright, so guys that's it for today. I will be seeing you in the next class tomorrow. No, not tomorrow. On Wednesday at 2 o'clock. Tomorrow 8 o'clock. Be there for this amazing session to know why did pirates wear an eye patch. And if you want to come to my batch in Vedantu, do remember to click on the link in the description and enter the coupon code SUGPRO to get a huge discount. This is your master teacher Shubhi Ma'am signing out. Bye-bye. Have a great day.

Give me a heart right now if you are new. If you are seeing me for the very first time. Hi Padhan. Hi Alugu. So guys I have started remembering your names also.

Great. Hi Padhan. Hi Ashik. Azan you know the answer.

It's okay, still you can be in the session to revise. Hi Himanshu, good afternoon, good afternoon. Alright, so 150 people watching but very few likes. Guys, give me a like, show me your attendance. Attendance, abhi isi vaak thoko.

So that I know that you are there in the session, right? That you are excited for the session. Now before I begin, let me tell you what the weekly schedule this week looks like.

Today of course, I am going to start with your chapter from trade to territory. Very important chapter. The entire week we are going to continue with this chapter.

We are going to do little little parts so that it's not a lot for one day. Tomorrow, 15th June, we are going to do this amazing standalone. Why did pirates wear an eye patch? Do you know the answer?

If you don't, then guys be there at 8 o'clock tomorrow to know what the answer is. It's a very very very interesting session. Remember tomorrow.

8 pm, do come to this session. Apart from that, this is a weekly schedule. If you guys want to know, you know, when exactly you have your classes so that you don't miss out on any of the sessions, subscribe right now. And wait, if you are new, subscribe.

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And of course, like the video right now so that I know you are attending. Hi, Sarita. Hi, Ansh.

Hi, Himanshu. Ma'am please, yes of course I remember you Abni. Alright, so guys were you there for the Sunday session where me and Hari Priya ma'am took the road safety test? Were you there for that?

Yes Priya. Yes, yes, no, what? So guys, we told you Sunday we can have a lot of fun and we did have a lot of fun in that session.

If you have not seen that video, you totally should. Because you will come to know a lot about... a lot of things about Hari Priya ma'am that I reveal. Hi Dev, Hi Pratima, Hi Hari. Okay na man I will start the class.

You guys before we start we're going to begin with a very you know interesting thought and that is when you are kind to others it not only changes you it also changes the world. Right that means that if you have to choose between being right and being kind always choose being kind. Being nice, even in the chat box, you know, I sometimes look at your comments and I think that the best kids are those who are kind to each other. And of course, more important is being kind to yourself.

If you're not doing well in your exams, you know, if you're not reaching your goals, it's okay. It takes time. Be kind to yourself and be kind to others. With this amazing thought, let's start today's chapter. yes yes ah riddy ma'am I like to take your classes yes riddy I will soon be starting micro courses you can also attend my micro course if you take the vizantutro subscription but that I will tell you after some time so can we start ready hats to you too guys if you're giving me a heart that means you're new to the channel welcome to the channel and subscribe Where do you live?

I live in a house. What about you? Living in a cave? Right, yes, Menti is also there.

Menti is also there. Poonam, we will try doing that. Don't worry.

Okay, so let's quickly start. Thank you Shubhi for saying that. Hi Ansh.

Alright, so guys, today as I told you, we are going to start the chapter from trade. to territory the company establishes power we are going to understand how did the british come to india again as traders how did they eventually establish power who who was this company east india company kaha se hai i said this sprout out like mushroom na it came from somewhere right how did it start trade in bengal how did it eventually enter indian politics All of this we are going to do in your today's session. So guys, today's session is very important.

So please wear your attention hat. Pay full attention. Keep your distractions away.

Keep your mobile phones away. Mom and dad are here to say hi. Don't say hi back. It's a very important chapter. If you understand today's part, you are going to understand your entire class 8. it is very important now before we start guys when i started your young wonders class 8 you know social studies i took this video called class 7 going to class 8 basic concepts if you have not watched that video please watch that video also and how we enter your class 8 very important video.

So if you just go through that, you will easily understand what we are talking about today. I will explain a little but watch that video also so that you can understand it well. You are there?

Great! Alright, so let's get started. Gama, how much should I tell you? I live in a house. I live in Bangalore.

Alright, let's begin. So guys let's start. So today as I told you what did we study in the last chapter of class 7th standard?

We looked at how the Mughal Empire started declining after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707. Aurangzeb was the last powerful Mughal Emperor. After he died, all the Mughal Kings and Emperors were weak. They are not able to hold the entire territory of the Bughal Empire.

So the country starts fragmenting into different parts. Our country starts dividing into small parts. For example, you have the Marathas, you have Bengal, you have Hyderabad, Awadh. These are the Rajputs. They start asserting their independence, their authority.

They start becoming kings of their own regional states. So Delhi is no longer the main centre, you know, powerful centre. Under the Mughal Empire, till Aurangzeb was alive, Delhi was a very important capital. Because that is where all the kings sat and they ruled such a huge territory.

But Aurangzeb dies, Mughal Empire declines, there is no longer a strong ruler. We see the emergence of, you know, your small regional states, Rajputs, etc., Marathas, etc. And it is in this scenario.

when our country is fragmented, divided into different parts that we see the entry of East India Company or the British this is in the second half of the 18th century alright so that is a little bit of a background as to how India was before the arrival of the British this was the scenario you know we were fighting amongst each other we did not have a united front alright okay now let's look at what is this East India Company? Where did it come from? You know, who are they?

So guys, kya hua tha ki India, if you remember your 7th standard history, India was well known throughout the world as Sone ki Chirya, as a golden bird. You know, we were already trading our good quality, very fine quality silk, cotton, pepper. Our goods were in great demand in the European market. Toh Europe ki jo trading companies the, they wanted to come to India and buy our goods directly.

So one such company was the East India Company. It was a trading company belonging to Britain. For example, today we have different companies, Tata Company, Reliance Company.

This was a trading company called the East India Company. It belonged to Britain. It wanted to come to India to buy our goods at a very cheap price and sell it in the European market at a very high price. Okay, did you understand?

Now, the East India Company did a very smart thing. In 1600, easy date to remember, right? 1600, it went to Queen Elizabeth I, who was the ruler of Britain.

And she said to Queen Elizabeth, please give us permission to go to India and trade there. Give us a permission, a charter to be the exclusive person to trade with the East. Sole right means exclusively give us the right to trade with India, Africa, you know, Asian countries, Indonesia, Malaysia.

All of these countries are Eastern countries. So the East India Company was granted a charter to do it. Now it became the only company from Britain to go to East and to trade.

East India companies thought that it is a very interesting thing, there is no competition, we will go to India, buy goods at 2 rupees, sell it in the European market for 100 rupees, we will be so rich. But that was not true. The problem is, I am going to come back to that slide.

The problem is that when they reached India, they saw that Portuguese had already established their control. Portuguese had already established their control. A Portuguese explorer had already discovered the sea route to India. So this is India. This is Africa.

Here is Britain. So Vasco da Gama had already discovered the sea route to India via Cape Town. Okay.

So Portuguese were already there. Dutch and French were already there. East India Company said this is a lot of competition.

We will get stuck in this. Right. Now let's understand what were these trading companies.

These trading companies were called mercantile trading companies. What is a mercantile trading company? A mercantile trading company is that business enterprise that does not manufacture anything of themselves.

They are those trading companies that are not making anything themselves. You know, East India Company, Dutch East India Company, Portuguese East India Company They weren't manufacturing their own cotton silk They were not manufacturing anything The only thing they were doing was buying something from India at a low rate Taking it to Britain and selling it at a high rate Like the ones who sell clothes They take newspaper from you, they buy newspaper from you for 5 rupees And then they sell it to the other area for 20 rupees So they were Kapadi Walas who had come to India to buy our goods. And they did so. So now the problem was that these are trading companies from Europe who were coming to India and all of them wanted to buy the same things. They wanted to buy our cotton, our silk, our pepper, cloves, cardamom, elaichi, cinnamon, dal, sugar.

They were coming to India to buy these goods from our country. However, The problem is that everyone wanted the same thing from India. All these trading companies were coming from Europe to India to buy the same thing. This created competition. So when competition emerges, prices increase.

For example, let me give you an example. When the COVID situation started, when coronavirus became this thing, what happened? Everyone wanted to buy a mask.

Everyone wanted to buy a hand sanitizer. So the hand sanitizer which was for Rs.100, the price of that became Rs.500 in the market. Because the demand increased. Similarly, when all these trading companies came to India, everyone wanted to buy Indian goods. They wanted to buy our silk, our cotton.

So the merchants of India said, okay, there are so many people who want to buy our cotton and silk. Let us increase our prices. earlier they sold their products for 10 rupees now they started selling the same products for 50 rupees they said okay if you don't want it someone else will buy it right so because the competition increased earlier the cotton they used to buy for 10 rupees east india company and sold it in the european market for 100 rupees with increasing competition increase of prices They had to now buy the same cotton for 50 rupees and they were selling it for 100 rupees. What was the problem with that? Let's change the color.

The profits decreased. Earlier, profit was of Rs. 90. Now, profit is of Rs. 50. Profit of the East India Company decreased. Easy. I am going to revise the entire thing in 2 minutes.

Problem? All of these trading companies from Europe were coming to India to buy the same things. The same cotton, pepper, spices, silk etc. Now because they wanted to buy the same things, demand increased. Because demand increased, I told you, when demand is high, price also increases.

If everyone wants my cotton t-shirt, I will sell it for 1000 rupees. Right? So when prices increased, trading companies'profit decreased. Earlier they used to earn profit of 90 rupees, now they are earning profit of only 50 rupees.

Right? So their profit decreased. So, this was obviously not liked by the trading companies.

They worked so hard, made ships and came to India. They wanted to earn a lot of profits from India. So they started attacking each other.

Trading companies started attacking each other through arms. They started blocking each other's ship routes. They started bombarding each other's ships. They used to throw bombs on each other's ships. So that their ships didn't reach the European market.

And this is very important. They started fortifying. their trading post fortifying means fortifying fortifying building forts so in India guys again very important listen carefully in India for example Britishers here they made their trading post here what is a trading post it's like a storage house You know, they are going all around the country, they are buying goods from Bengal, from Tamil Nadu, from Calcutta, from Gujarat and they are storing all the products here in the trading post. After a few days, the ship arrives, they put it in the ship and they take it to the European market. So these companies started attacking each other's trading posts so that the goods do not reach the European market.

Now to protect these trading posts, the British East India Company and other East India companies started fortifying the trading post started building forts like the Kings used to build forts around their house so they started building forts around their trading post now, from this point, local rulers started facing problems obviously, imagine, in Bengal for example, British East India Company came to Bengal for trade Bengal Nawabss are happy. They are saying, okay, come trade with us. We are happy. But now they have started building their forts on our land. So Bengal Nawabss said, what is this?

Good that you are coming to our home, you know, to buy our goods. But how can you build your forts on our land? This is not fair.

So imagine the Sabziwala is coming to your house, on your colony and they start building their house in your colony. You will say, what is this? This is not your land. How can you build your house?

So this is what created a conflict a confrontation you know east india company and local rulers so this is like the basics you have to understand okay let me see the chat once thank you teja so sweet of you all right yes riddhi queen elizabeth gave permission to the east india company so guys i hope you got this much If you come on time, you will understand. So can we move on to what happens next? Alright, so now let's understand what exactly happens when East India Company comes to India.

Now when East India Company comes to Bengal, it establishes its first factory on the banks of river Hooghly. Hooghly is a beautiful river in Bengal. There it builds its factory in 1651. Now you are going to say, but ma'am, Britishers were not producing anything. You know, they were buying goods from India, selling it in the European market.

Why did they have to establish a factory in India? That's because factory, you know, then is not what we understand today. Us time factory was a term used to define, you know, saare British officials, East India Company ka officials maa baithte the. They had their trade-in posts there, their storage houses there.

So that entire area was called a factory. and there the officials who sat there, you know the officers, the traders, they were called factors. They were called factors.

So all of this entire factory where godowns, storage houses, offices were made was established in Bengal in 1651 on the banks of river Googly. Now I told you that they have built trading posts and offices to protect this. The East India Company started building forts around it.

Now if they build forts in Bengal, then Bengal Nawabs will have a problem. Bengal Nawabs said what is this? Building fort on my land without my permission. That is one issue. Second issue that came up was that the East India Company went to Aurangzeb who was then ruling India.

It is about 1696 guys. Right? Aurangzeb died in 1707. So the East India Company, they go to Aurangzeb and they tell Aurangzeb that Sir, we want to trade in your country.

We want to trade in your country. So please now help us out. Aurangzeb issued a Farman.

What is a Farman? Farman means Royal Order. Royal order, an edict, when a king gives an order that East India Company will have the right to trade in India duty free or tax free.

That means that East India Company can trade in India, can buy things from India without paying tax, they can trade in India. very good for the East India Company but East India Company started manipulating this privilege This order is given to the entire company So today if the government says that Reliance Company should not pay tax Company will not pay tax but the officials who are working in the company they will have to pay tax The order is only for the entire company so this is what happened Aurangzeb gave the Farman the exclusivity to trade in India without paying tax to the entire East India Company. But the officials started doing private trade.

So, like I am an official of East India Company. I will go to the market and I will buy 10 kg cotton. I am buying it and I am privately selling it in the European market.

But when I am asked to pay tax, I will say I am not paying tax. Aurangzeb gave me a Farman. Aurangzeb gave me this right to you know do trade duty free but that was wrong Aurangzeb gave that right to the company not to the official okay so they started misusing the privilege all right I hope you got this much yes okay Aurangzeb yes Thomas Robert okay so now guys this created a problem you understood all the problems Britishers come to India great They started trade with our country, even better, we are happy, our merchants are earning so much money.

The problem started when they started building forts around their trading posts. You know, they started building their offices, houses. So the Nawabss of Bengal started to say, what is this?

Why are you building your offices on our land? Second problem is they started misusing the order given out by Aurangzeb, the farm man given out by Aurangzeb. the staff they refused to pay tax to the Bengal.

So the Nawabss of Bengal said this is not fair right. So when Aurangzeb died in 1707 the entire situation changes. The Nawabss of Bengal said that Aurangzeb is dead no one powerful you know who can rule us we will be kings of Bengal.

So now the Nawabs of Bengal remember this the first Nawabs of Bengal Murshid Kuli Khan, then you have Ali Vardy Khan, Ali Vardy Khan and then you have Siraj Uddaula. Okay? Murshid Kuli Khan, Ali Vardy Khan, Siraj Uddaula. All three Nawabss are very strong, very powerful.

They do not bow down in front of the British. They tell the Britishers that look, Aurangzeb is dead. We do not agree with this wish.

Now start paying taxes to us. stop building your houses on our land, stop fortification, stop building your forts, stop minting money Britishers were also minting money, they were minting coins they said stop minting money and start paying taxes alright? Nawabss said more that East India Company is very disrespectful they not only come to India to you know to build their forts but they are also disrespecting the Nawabss in letters. So they accuse the East India Company of being disrespectful. East India Company obviously won't stay quiet.

East India Company said that you know this is very unfair. We are only a small trading company. Please let us trade in your country without paying tax. Please allow us to build forts. Only then we can earn profit.

But the Nawabs said no, this is not done. Please pay taxes, please stop your fortification or we will attack you. Now these two, the arguments were on different sides.

So you have the East India Company on one side saying we will not pay taxes. You have the Nawabss of Bengal saying pay taxes, do stop your fortification or else. This confrontation.

ultimately leads to the very famous, very popular, very important Battle of Place. It is a very important battle, Battle of Place, because it is this battle that finally allows the entry of British into Indian politics. Till now, the Britishers did not want to rule India.

They only wanted to earn money. But it is this battle that changes the entire face of the East India Company. What is this battle? What happens? This is something we'll do in your next session.

But I hope you understood till here. What was the condition of India before the coming of the British? Who were the East India Company?

Why did they come to India? Third part you understood? When they came to India? When they established their factory in Bengal?

How did that lead to a confrontation with the Nawabss Why did the fight happen? Because of our local rulers Ultimately, the fight got so intense that it led to the Battle of Placid Alright, in 1757 This is the background of what we studied till now Guys, I want you to read the entire history like a story read it like a story how to write the questions, how to answer we will do all of that also For now just listen to the entire thing like a story. Okay? Alright.

Please explain factory again. So guys factory is nothing but the area where offices of the traders were. So the people who worked in the offices were called factors. Okay?

Factors. Nowadays officers are called factors. There were storage houses too where all the goods were stored. so this in trading posts where goods work you know kept all of this area was called a factory kuch produce nahi ho raha tha you know paper pencil nothing was being produced here it was only an area where the officials operated they had their offices etc right Albert like will do in the next class all right so guys hi kamaarappu what is class is sachee i'll tell you in the next session Manmohan very easy confrontation started because think about it Britishers came to India They came to trade very good but they started building forts They started building their own houses in India They said we will not pay tax right They said we will not pay tax So obviously our Nawabss got upset They said who are these Paraglis coming to our land disrespecting us This created a problem Simple right, it is not difficult Someone came to your house and they start living there in your house, what will you do? you will not welcome them, you will say get out of my house ok, I cannot be more clearer in my explanation guys ok so let's go towards the Menti, go to www.menti.com but before we go into that, very important information my batches are starting, and guys there are 3 batches of 8 chandit 8G, 8H, 8I All three batches are starting this month.

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You know? Now guys, I am going to just not take a lot of time. Just like you go on video. Okay?

I go on Chhutanku. This is my video on resources. If you haven't seen it, please watch it. First chapter of geography.

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You will get these 3 courses. Pro light, Pro classic, Pro premium. Pro-Lite means you will get online classes, live classes in which we can talk to each other all your doubts are solved during the class I can't solve it on YouTube, I try to do it but it's not like I cannot do all your doubts after every class you get tests, assignments, notes that are very helpful for your exams doubts are solved you get all these things in Pro-Lite you can also watch the replay Sometimes if you miss class, you can watch the replay of the entire session And replay is not boring like YouTube, you can play quiz with all the students of the life session So your name is also on the leaderboard So all of this is available to you in your pro lite This is the price for the entire year This is very expensive, I understand, I also feel very expensive Because I was also a very poor student So please try it for one month one month price is very less and you get an additional discount if you put in my coupon code SUGPRO so please put this coupon code SUGPRO and try for one month come to my class see how it is if it is boring if it is interesting if you have Vedantu students here you guys can tell the other students how amazing the classes are you know we teach you so well that you guys will come on top in the exam together If you don't like that then it is classic where your doubts are solved even after class So you get an additional feature in a little extra money Again try for one month if you want it Now if you are a student who needs personal attention No, I want to study well. You can take our premium package which is 5400. It is a little expensive because you get personal attention. Only 15 students in one class.

So you can try that out also. But I would say come for ProLite. See how the Vedantu platform is.

It is super awesome guys. I am not saying this just like that. It is very fun.

You study well. You get a proper calendar. You can watch the replay. You get notes, assignments. And even I will start giving notes.

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But my batches are starting this month. If you want to be in my batch, do come guys. It's a lot of fun.

Alright, so that is it for now. Let us go back to...I think, where did it go? So guys, we have a platform like this. We have your quizzes, we have the leaderboard.

We also have students from all around the world. So these are a few of my students, you know, who I am talking to. You also get micro-courses. So micro-courses like additional, you know, if you want to revise that chapter, very few students are there in micro-courses.

You can directly talk to me. So all of that is also available. This is the slide from trade to territory which we teach during class. Okay? Okay, so guys very very important use the coupon code SUGPRO while you are coming so that you know come to my batch and while you are entering Vidantu.

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Why come? because I promise that you will improve in your exam if you were a 70% student then you would have become a 90% student so if you don't become a student if you feel that you wasted money and lost it there was no benefit so I will give you all that money back Vedantu promises that all that money back will be given to you but of course you will have to come in 75% classes and you will have to do a few assignments and we assure you that you will see an improvement especially for your parents guys this is especially for your parents who might think why should we put our child in that use simple coupon code SUGPRO and please come to my batch just for one month you can see how the batch feels like alright so let's go to pretty soon soon Dakshesh happy birthday Hi Purva! Okay, so guys go to menti.com. Please type in the code 158-31688 to join the Menti.

Or any question, anything you want to ask about the batch or how to join, you can totally do that. Renu, yes, I said Elizabeth I, right? I think.

Queen Elizabeth I. Yes, Aryan, this is the second chapter of history. Alright, yes, I will give homework also, Krishna. Who are the Nawabs of Bengal? Gama? First it was Murshid Kuli Khan, then Ali Vardy Khan, then Siraj Uddaula.

Important because it could come in Menti. Yes, yes. Guys, I will also be making a video soon as to how you can use these online classes to make notes.

So don't worry about that. Thank you Mudrika. Alright, so let's go my Instagram ID.

Good question. So guys, it is surabhi.vedantu. You can follow me there if you want, if you don't want, it's okay, don't follow. Alright, so let me be Chhutanku and let me refresh the page. Yes, yes.

Shubhi will give you homework, don't worry. You guys are such nice kids, ma'am give me homework. Jashwant, really?

Guys, I... I mean personally I love the platform. I wish I was a student. If I had something like this, that I would have joined as soon as I get home.

You know I get assignments also, tests also, classes also. I would have joined. But it's up to you. Of course no one is forcing you. If you guys think that this will help you, you should join.

Right? Great Nishtha. I hope I helped. So guys, if you are new to the channel, subscribe right now so that you do not miss on any class.

Quickly. Thank you, Azan. No, I am not from Maharashtra. I am from Delhi.

Can we start? Yes. Quickly.

Come on, quickly. Let me just refresh once more because I can see less students. Thank you, Ashik. All right, Aditya. Who was the king after Aurangzeb?

Very good question. Angira, guys. His name was... Okay, you know what? This is our first homework question.

We need that extra effort medal, right? So, you will put this in the comment section. Who was the king after Aurangzeb? And what was he popularly known as? he had one name but he was popularly known as something else.

Alright so let's quickly begin the first question of the mentee is in front of you. No first we'll wait for all the players. Okay, now we have fish, snake, lion, melon, watermelon, great. Thank you Krishna for saying that it's okay.

Alright, let's start with the first question of the day. Who was the Nawabs of Bengal after the death of Ali Vardy Khan? Mir Qasim, Siraj-Ud-Daula, Murshid Kuli Khan or Manmohan Singh? Who was the Nawabs of Bengal after the death of Ali Vardy Khan?

Padhan, Sangeeta, Menti Code is 15831688. Upar dikh raha hoga na chota sa. Are you sure? By the way, it could also be Manmohan Singh, no? Time is up.

Four people have said Manmohan Singh. Bachcha, kya bolu mein aapka? Kya bolu? Nahi, the answer is Siraj-ud-Daula.

First it's Murshid Kuli Khan. Then you have Ali Vardy Khan. Then Siraj-ud-Daula. Aur bhi se beach mein. But these are the famous and very important Nawabss who stood up against the Britishers and said You cannot come into my country and build your house.

Get out. And pay taxes. So these were the important strong Nawabss that you have to remember.

Alright, leaderboard, let's see. Jashwant, please reply on Telegram. Guys, I am not very active on Telegram because I work all day. So I don't get time.

So we have Krishna Verma on top. Then we have Nishtha, Bini, Charvi, Aradhana, Shreeja, Jashwant, Aditya, Aryan and Soumya. top of the leaderboard good job question two of question five is is who discovered this sea route to India in 1498 Vasco da Gama Albert Einstein Queen Elizabeth or none of these this sea route from Europe to India, very important sea route Because before this trade used to happen through the Red Sea Do you remember the 7th standard history?

Through the Red Sea, through the Middle East trade used to happen Through the Silk route But after the discovery of this sea route They would come by ships and directly come to our country Time is up People who said Albert Einstein What is happening guys? Albert Einstein was a scientist He didn't have time to discover sea routes. It was Vasco da Gama who discovered that sea route and established their Portuguese headquarters in Goa. Alright. Let's look at the leaderboard.

Krishna Verma still on top but Himanshu was the fastest. We have Nishtha, Shreeja, Vineet, Anandi, Shreeja, Charvi, Aryan and Soumya. Yeah. Sundar sir discovered that route. Sundar sir can do it.

He can totally do it. Question 3 of question 5 is in front of you. When did Aurangzeb die? Year.

It's a very important year. I have said it a thousand times. 1700, 1707, 1705, 1708. Jagriti, happy birthday. Missed the click, Sneha. It's okay.

It happens. Come on guys quickly! Ritu are you sure?

Guys it's a very easy date to remember because one number repeats out of this. 1707. So 7 is getting repeated. 1707. Aurangzeb dies.

Remember this. Keep it from now itself. Then Aurangzeb dies. Then the Mughal Empire starts declining.

Alright, who is on top of the leaderboard? We have Nishtha on top. Then we have Charvi, Vineet, Sreejan, Sachi, Krishna, Verma, Sejal, Aradhana, Saksham who is someone from class 7 but she wants to study class 8 and Shivangi on top of the leaderboard. Good job guys. He died by getting infected from COVID.

Ha! No. So guys Aurangzeb actually dies at a very old age and you know his lifelong aim was to defeat the Marathas.

You know if you studied 7th standard with me then you know the entire story. It's a very interesting story. Alright the next question is The first English factory was set up on the banks of which river? Ganga, Yamuna, Oogli in Das.

I'll give you a hint. Guys the first factory was established in Bengal. So which river?

we talking about are you sure Indus wow yes geography padhaungi main where is Indus where is Bengal Sakshyam kujhbi time is up the fastest fingers list sorry fastest fingers is in the Vedantu app we have hootly as the correct answer And let's look at the leaderboard. Krishna Verma bachcha niche chala gaya. But right now on top is Nishtha, Charvi, Krishna Verma, Sachi, Shivangi, who's fastest, Sejal, Vineet, Shivangi, Sajjam and Adarsh, who says he will win.

But right now he's at the bottom. Final question. Final question of the day is in front of you.

Let us see. Guys, important question hai. Listen, what does the word Farman mean?

Aurangzeb gave out a Farman. Royal order, royal dress, royal procession or royal food. Aurangzeb gave out a Farman saying that the East India Company can trade in India duty free without paying taxes. Remember?

What is mercantile? Ritu, mercantile means that type of business. companies, those enterprises which buy something from one country at a low price and sell it at a high price. So that's what the East India Company did.

Yes, the answer is Royal Order. I even gave you an example, Aurangzeb gave this order. Aurangzeb didn't give East India Company a royal dress to wear or royal food to eat.

What? Anything. Alright, let's look at the final leaderboard of the day and see who is the winner.

Is Adarsh gonna win? Can he? No! We have Nishtha who is on top So guys, clap, clap, don't be jealous of her Give her an applause, congratulations Nishtha to be on top of the leaderboard Now before we go guys Today's homework is in front of you What attracted the European trading companies to India?

Why did the European trading companies come to India? To buy what? This is the question for the day The name of the top 5 people who will be written in the comment section Random 5 people who will give their answers before 2 o'clock tomorrow I will put their names And one extra effort medal Those who have watched the entire video will know what that extra question is So guys that's it for today Alright, so guys that's it for today.

I will be seeing you in the next class tomorrow. No, not tomorrow. On Wednesday at 2 o'clock.

Tomorrow 8 o'clock. Be there for this amazing session to know why did pirates wear an eye patch. And if you want to come to my batch in Vedantu, do remember to click on the link in the description and enter the coupon code SUGPRO to get a huge discount. This is your master teacher Shubhi Ma'am signing out.

Bye-bye. Have a great day.

Transcript for:Trade to Territory Lecture Notes

Transcript for:
Trade to Territory Lecture Notes