Lecture Notes: Anatomical Position and Terminology

Introduction

Topics Covered:
- Anatomical Position
- Regional Terminology
- Directional Terminology
Importance: Core topics in anatomy and physiology.

Definition:
- Body standing erect, facing forward.
- Feet shoulder-width apart.
- Arms at sides, palms facing forward, thumbs outward.
Note: Crucial for understanding exams and anatomical references.

Cephalic (Head) Region:
- Anterior/Ventral: Frontal, Orbital, Nasal, Oral, Mental regions.
- Posterior/Dorsal: Occipital and Otic regions.
Cervical (Neck) Region: Anterior and Posterior.
Thoracic Region:
- Anterior: Sternal, Mammary, Axillary regions.
- Posterior: Scapular, Vertebral regions.
Abdominal Region:
- Anterior: Umbilical region.
- Posterior: Lumbar, Sacral regions.
Pelvic Region:
- Anterior: Inguinal, Pubic regions.
- Posterior: Sacral region.

Upper Limbs:
- Acromial (Shoulder), Brachial (Arm), Olecranon (Elbow), Ante-cubital, Antebrachial (Forearm).
- Hand: Carpal (Wrist), Metacarpal, Palmar, Digital (including Polex or Thumb).
Lower Limbs:
- Coxal, Femoral, Patellar, Popliteal (Knee), Crural, Fibular/Peroneal, Sural (Calf).
- Foot (Pedal): Tarsal (Ankle), Calcaneal, Metatarsal, Digital (including Hallux or Big Toe).

Anterior (Ventral) vs. Posterior (Dorsal):
- Anterior: Front of the body.
- Posterior: Back of the body.
Superior vs. Inferior:
- Superior: Towards the head.
- Inferior: Towards the feet.
- Note: Only applies to axial skeleton.
Medial vs. Lateral:
- Medial: Towards the midline.
- Lateral: Away from the midline.
Proximal vs. Distal:
- Proximal: Near the point of attachment.
- Distal: Further from the point of attachment.
- Note: Applies to appendicular skeleton.
Superficial vs. Deep:
- Superficial: Near the surface.
- Deep: Further away from the surface.

Summary: Reviewed essential anatomical positions, regional, and directional terms.
Acknowledgment: Thanks to Skelly for demonstration assistance.
Reminder: Like, comment, and subscribe for more content.