Crash Course Philosophy: Personal Identity

Introduction

• Sponsored by Squarespace.
• Explores the concept of identity using Doctor Who as an example.
• The Doctor: multiple incarnations, different bodies, yet considered the same identity.

Identity in Science Fiction and Reality

• Science fiction poses questions about identity applicable to real life.
• Personal identity: what makes an object or person the same over time?

Philosophical Theories on Personal Identity

Body Theory

• Identity persists because the body remains the same from birth to death.
• Problems: physical changes over time (e.g., cells dying, body remodeling).
• Example: Ship of Theseus, changes in a person’s body over time.

Memory Theory (John Locke)

• Identity persists due to continuous consciousness and memory.
• Each memory connects to the one before it, forming a chain.
• Problems:
  • Lack of memory of birth.
  • Memory loss equals loss of identity?
  • False memories and their impact on identity.

Thought Experiment (Bernard Williams)

• Mad scientist swaps two people's mental content.
• Raises questions about where personal identity truly resides.

Importance of Personal Identity

• Affects obligations and societal constructs (e.g., promises, paychecks).
• Society assumes continuity of identity.

Conclusion

• Discussed theories of personal identity (body vs. memory).
• Significant problems with each theory.
• Importance of understanding personal identity.

Next Episode

• Further exploration of the necessity of a persisting 'you'.

Sponsor and Credits

• Sponsored by Squarespace.
• Produced in association with PBS Digital Studios.
• Graphics by Thought Cafe.