Overview
This lecture discusses the mummification process of Herakleides, an ancient Egyptian, highlighting unique burial practices and materials used to preserve the body for the afterlife.
Mummification Process
- Mummification aimed to preserve the body for the afterlife in ancient Egypt.
- Organs were usually removed except the heart, but in Herakleides' case, the heart was removed and the lungs were left.
- The body was covered with salt for about 40 days to eliminate moisture.
- Perfumed oils and plant resins were applied to the body.
- Linen strips were glued to the body with thick layers of resin.
- The body was placed on a wooden board and further bound with wrappings.
Unique Burial Items and Features
- A mysterious pouch of possible religious significance was placed on the chest.
- A mummified ibis, rarely buried with humans, was placed on Herakleides' abdomen.
- Long linen strips were used to secure the wrappings.
- A painted portrait panel of Herakleides was placed over his face.
Shroud and Decorations
- A large linen cloth (shroud) was wrapped around the mummy.
- The shroud was painted red with an imported lead-based pigment, a rare practice.
- Egyptian symbols of protection and rebirth were painted on the shroud with pigments and gold.
- Herakleides' name was written in Greek at his feet.
Key Terms & Definitions
- Mummification — Process of preserving a body for the afterlife.
- Resin — Sticky substance from plants, used to glue wrappings during mummification.
- Ibis — A wading bird; in this case, mummified and placed with Herakleides.
- Shroud — Large cloth used to wrap the mummy, painted and decorated in this example.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review the steps and unique characteristics of Herakleides' mummification for further study.