Overview
This lecture reviews all 150 core vocabulary words from HSK Level 1, focusing on commonly used nouns, pronouns, numbers, verbs, adjectives, and question words in Chinese.
Nouns
- 家 (home), 学校 (school), 饭店 (restaurant), 商店 (shop), 医院 (hospital), 中国 (China), 美国 (USA), 北京 (Beijing).
- Family members: 爸爸 (father), 妈妈 (mother), 儿子 (son), 女儿 (daughter).
- Professions: 医生 (doctor), 老师 (teacher), 学生 (student), 朋友 (friend), 先生 (Mr.), 小姐 (Miss).
- Objects and items: 衣服 (clothes), 水 (water), 菜 (dish), 米饭 (rice), 水果 (fruit), 苹果 (apple), 茶 (tea), 杯子 (cup), 钱 (money).
- Places and directions: 上 (on), 下 (under), 前面 (front), 后面 (back), 里 (inside).
- Time words: 今天 (today), 明天 (tomorrow), 昨天 (yesterday), 上午 (morning), 中午 (noon), 下午 (afternoon), 年 (year), 月 (month), 号 (date), 星期 (week), 分钟 (minute), 现在 (now), 时候 (moment).
Pronouns and Question Words
- 我 (I), 我们 (we), 你 (you), 你们 (you plural), 他/她 (he/she), 他们/她们 (they).
- 这 (this), 那 (that), 哪 (which), 哪儿 (where), 谁 (who), 什么 (what), 多少/几 (how many), 怎么/怎么样 (how, how about).
Numbers & Measure Words
- Numbers: 一 (1) - 十 (10), 十一 (11) - 十九 (19), etc.
- Measure words: 个 (general), 岁 (age in years), 本 (for books), 些 (some), 块 (money or pieces), 点 (o'clock), 一点儿 (a little).
Verbs
- 想 (want), 会 (can), 能 (be able), 爱 (love), 喜欢 (like), 是 (be), 有 (have), 请 (please), 看 (look), 看见 (see), 听 (listen), 说 (speak), 写 (write), 叫 (call), 吃 (eat), 喝 (drink), 睡觉 (sleep), 做 (do), 买 (buy), 开 (drive/open), 住 (live), 学习 (study), 工作 (work), 认识 (know), 来 (come), 回 (return), 去 (go), 谢谢 (thank), 再见 (goodbye), 对不起 (sorry), 下雨 (rain), 打电话 (call).
Adjectives, Adverbs & Function Words
- 很 (very), 太 (too), 都 (all), 多 (many/much), 少 (few/little), 好 (good), 大 (big), 小 (small), 冷 (cold), 热 (hot), 高兴 (happy), 漂亮 (beautiful).
- 不 (not), 没 (not have/didn't), 了 (completed action), 吗 (question particle), 呢 (question ending), 和 (and), 得 (descriptive particle).
Key Terms & Definitions
- 名词 (noun) — word referring to people, places, or things.
- 动词 (verb) — word showing actions or states.
- 量词 (measure word) — classifier used with numbers and nouns (e.g., 个, 本).
- 代词 (pronoun) — word replacing nouns (e.g., 我, 你).
- 形容词 (adjective) — word describing nouns (e.g., 大, 小).
- 副词 (adverb) — word describing verbs/adjectives (e.g., 很, 太).
- 虚词 (function word) — word with grammatical use (e.g., 的, 吗).
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review and memorize all 150 HSK Level 1 words.
- Practice making simple sentences using these vocabulary words.
- Prepare for quizzes by testing yourself on meanings, pronunciation, and usage.