hello this is dainty lino from the loyal University in New Orleans college of law and this is the third of my three-part series of microsoft word for lawyers in the first video we covered why lawyers should worry about being proficient or expert in word then we had a discussion of basic topics like for example styles I know I keep saying that but I always will then in our second series we talked or second video we talked about tables of contents this video we talked about creating tables of authorities the workflows fairly simple after you finished your brief you mark each Authority and in marking each Authority again it's one of these like so many things in life you can either do a good job at it now or fix it later you want to make sure that as you're marking authorities you you have perfect sight form you tagged it to the right category and it's good to go because if you do it right the first time you won't have to do it again after you tag the authorities then you insert where you want the table of authorities to go in the document and then after that you right-click and update each category fairly straightforward let's get started well then finally you have to correct errors and correcting errors the right way rather than doing it the wrong way first of all let's discuss marking each authority and again mark it right the first time and save yourself some effort later the first thing to do is to mark each Authority that you want to appear in your table of authorities and the key to this the the mindset to have here is I'm gonna get this right the first time now how do you do it well first of all I need to show you again this little button in the paragraph pane this is the button that hides and like I'll hover over to say it's a show/hide button and it shows paragraph marks and other hidden formatting symbols and it's especially useful for an advanced layout task and you can click here to learn more about it but but it's impossible to do what we're gonna be talking about without knowing about that show/hide button so right now this is again this is the brief that I did years not years ago months ago in a disciplinary matter and it has the tables of a table of authorities and here's one of the cases in the table of authorities the bend in rabe and Aries case right in rib and Aries now I need that to appear in the table of authorities and more particularly in the cases section of the table of authorities so what I'm going to need to do is mark it so how do I do that well you go to the references tab in the ribbon and again remember this is where the table of contents tab is the footnote tab and the mark citation tab and this is where it all happens this is where the magic happens here for tables of authority table of authorities mark citation so what you'll do is you'll open that and this is the way the way this box looks now I didn't select any text so there's nothing in this but I will in a second okay so here goes first of all let me show you something I'm going to show you the hidden text i i have already marked this one because and that's what all of this is this goofy-looking there's a name for it i guess but it's some kind of fancy looking parenthesis mark or so let me just delete that so right now this has not been marked okay so it looks the same whether we're looking at it with the the hidden text or not you see these are also already marked so you can see the hidden text right but here we go this is what this is the way you mark your first Authority you highlight the whole authority and you're going to want to make sure that you don't have any spaces before or after what you highlight next you are going to then go to the references tab and then you're gonna hit mark citation and look there it is mark citation the selected text so what you need to do now is make it an acceptable table of authorities entry so what do you have to do there well you first have to take out the pin site so the pin sites out and look it's in perfect sight form I've got a space in between the southern and the third I don't have any space after this I've got Louisiana 2014 it's good to go so now all I have to do is hit mark and I've got in the right category right the category is cases you always have to check that it's in the right category and then I hit mark boom so what's happened now that I've marked it it is right here there it is and we can see it why can we see it because I've got you can see this is grayed out because this is but when you hit it when you hide it it's gone boom boom so I've now marked this authority and I've marked it properly remember to mark it just up just to recap you highlight the whole authority being sensitive now I got too much space there being sensitive to only highlighting what you want in the table of authorities with no space before and no space after then you go to the references tab then you hit mark citation and then you hit mark now I'm not gonna remark it because I've already done it but that way you would do it yeah you would you would you would get it all ready to go now that's how you do it on an individual citation level you then have to go through the whole brief and do that for every citation well what happens if it shows up again as a short site like for example this Bolton case this Bolton case already appeared in a full citation some time earlier I don't know where I'd have to go back and look for it but it appeared earlier so right now the oh there it is right here look in ray Bolton there's the long side form so here is the short side form so how did I mark that well again you mark that a little differently what you do is you'd still highlight it but then you would go to references mark citation and then you'd mark it as a short citation so let me show you you go to Bolton you'd find the short shot citation and then you just mark it it's already in there so all you have to do is find it and then hit mark it's already in there so you don't have to like for example if Edwin's was already in there you just go to edwin's hit mark find edwin's in here this is called Louisiana State Bar versus Edmonds there it is Edwin's and then you'd hit mark the only difference is when it's cited subsequently you don't have to add the whole the whole full site form you just find the the second site and you just find the where the second site is here in the short citation and then you just click mark and there it is now again you always have to make sure that the category is right whenever you're marking mark all I've never used that I said I don't even know what it does but you can see if you've already got something in here it already has a long side tation down here in the long citation box so you don't really need to do anything other than just hit mark again so that's how you do it on an individual citation level when do you do it personally I would write the whole brief and when you're just about done with a brief I would go ahead and mark all the citations you can do it as you go but it's better as you go to be thinking about the structure of your argument your sentences so I would not recommend doing it I would not recommend doing it as you go but after when you're all done mark your citations and then you're ready for what comes next step 2 insert the table of authorities where you want it to go in the document after marking all the authorities throughout the entire brief then you go to the page on which you want to insert the table of authorities here of course it's going to go right after the table of contents remember that the table of contents you're going to break you're going to end that with a section break where the next section starts on a new page so here we are in the table of authorities starting on a new page and this table of authorities has already done as you can see because I did it but you can see whether it's going to look like at the end you're gonna have different sections for rules other authorities statutes cases but what we're going to do now is I'm just gonna delete it why am I gonna delete it I'm gonna delete it because now we are going to I'm going to show you how to create it yourself so delete delete well hold on so when we go to table of authorities hold on I'm just trying to figure out how to delete it then a lot of times as I deleted some tables a table of authorities there we go okay the table of authorities is deleted at least - so now we're gonna insert a table authorities remember we've marked all of the individual authorities we have properly categorized them as cases statutes rules so now we are going to create the table of authorities now the way it's done is you have to go we if we put all let's see what happens insert all that it just did it it's done look at that how hard was that look I'll undo it and I'll do it again this is insert table of authorities click on it category all and we just are gonna hit OK that's it it couldn't be harder right and or easier use past them that just says if there are a lot of sites it'll say pass them rather than we want to use a tab leader that's right and and we want to keep the original formatting from the from the mark the way we marked it and then we just hit OK boom there it is how much easier is that then trying to hand or do this manually it's not even close so that's how you do it pretty pretty simple and again just like anything else you're not going to know how to do it until you practice and do you play with it a bit but there it is finally and I'm not going to call this step 3 because with any luck you've marked all of your authorities correctly and and there will be no errors in the table of authorities once you you run it but that's not going to be the case you're gonna have errors and when you have those errors you have to correct them but you have to correct them the right way or else it's more trouble for you here's how there are going to be errors in your table of authorities look I found one here I artificially inserted that one but you can see it's an error why because app inside got brought over when you are creating the original citation that happens it happens it shouldn't happen much if you're careful when you're when you're paying attention at marking your individual citations but it's going to happen so how do you fix it well this is the way that you would kind of like to do it it's just come right here and and fix it there and say oh I've fixed it but you know the problem is when you generate the table of authorities again the error is going to be put right back in the same place so the only way to fix errors is to go to the original citation where you marked it and fix it so for example let's go to the original citation from in ray Alex we know it's on page 14 but you know what I usually do is I'll just go I'll just go to I'm sorry I will generally just go to find and I'll do Alex in ray Alex there it is on page 14 oh wait hold on that's there it is okay and what I will do now I'm gonna tell you there's no error in this one because I inserted it artificially but assuming there was an error here this is how you fix it remember you have to go here to show the hidden formatting symbols and you now look we now have all the hidden formatting symbols and at the end you will look for the error in in this site this mark site and if the error was adding a pin site what you see here is this you'd see that and what would you do to fix it you might also have to do it here but you know you just have to fix it in the in the in the hidden coded area and then when you run this the the table of authorities it's not going to be a problem last point to make with regard to tables authorities as you make changes as you update the brief add more authorities you're gonna have to update your table of authority so how do you do it well the same way that you update the table of contents you highlight it like this right click and say update field you have to do it now for each one update field update field update field but there it is everything is now fixed so pretty pretty straightforward and there it is those are the simple steps to create a table of authorities now having said that you don't really know how to do this until you practice it and play with it yourself it is hard to learn how to do this so again the only way to learn how to do anything on the computer and maybe even in life is to is to play around and do it in practice so please do that before you have to do this in crunch time the night before a brief is due for example so do it in advance also I said this at the beginning get yourself a good resource for example Microsoft Word for dummies is a good start there are more sophisticated books that are better and in more detail I would recommend that you become a student of Microsoft Word I know you didn't think that that's what you signed up for when you signed up for to be a lawyer but this is the lawyers principle tool so if you want to be a good lawyer you have to know how to use your tools and particularly Microsoft Word so make this an effort to a priority to get proficient and then to get expert and to maintain that expertise good luck