Let us know about the brain. There are more than a thousand million neurons in the adult human brain. An estimate shows that the cerebral cortex alone has about 10 raised to 27,83,000 synapses. Thus, The brain is a complex organ. The brain is divided into forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
Let us know about the forebrain that is prosencephalon. This region of the brain comprises of diencephalon and the cerebrum. The diencephalon is formed of thalamus and hypothalamus. What do we know about thalamus?
It is the largest part of the diencephalon. This region contains a cluster of nuclei. Most of the sensory inputs are conducted to the cerebral cortex through the thalamus.
Exons carrying auditory, visual and other sensory information synapse with specific nuclei of this region. This region may also influence mood and general body movements due to strong emotions such as fear or anger. What is hypothalamus? This region contains small nuclei and have nerve tracts. The nuclei called mammillary bodies are involved in olfactory reflexes and emotional responses to orders.
The funnel-shaped infundibulum from the hypothalamus connects it to the posterior pituitary or neurohyphophysis. This region controls the secretions of the pituitary gland. The hypothalamus receives inputs from several sensory systems such as tongue, nose and external genitalia. It is associated with emotional and mood relationships. It provides a relaxed feeling.
Feeling good after a meal, rage and fear are also due to this region. It also coordinates responses to the Sleep-wake cycle with other areas