[Music] [Music] Idaho forests play an important role in the making of paper and at Clear Water paper in Leon Idaho wood chips sawdust bark and other small pieces are ingredients for paper and electricity did you know that Clearwater paper is often the number two customer for many area Sawmills making Sawmill residuals a valuable product did you also know that Clearwater papers Mill at Lewiston accounts for half of all Forest product sales in Idaho more than 240 truckloads of wood fiber a day arrive at the Mill mostly from Idaho Sawmills Each truck is raised to an 80° angle and emptied its contents then sorted wood chips and sawdust will be used to manufacture the pulp from which paper is made bark and other small pieces known as hog fuel is burned generating steam that powers paper machines at the Mill and runs turbines to generate green electricity the wood chips are first screened for size pieces that are either too big or too small are returned to the hog fuel pile sorted chips are then washed and sent to the digestor when delivered the content of the wood chips is approximately 50% water and 25% cellulose fiber the cellulose fiber is what the mill needs to make pulp which is the main ingredient used to make paper the remaining 25% is a liquid called lignan lignan is the natural glue that holds the wood fibers together in order to get to the fiber the first order of business is to remove the ligman separating this brown colored material happens in the digestors the digestors are like large pressure cookers the wood chips are placed in this vessel along with some liquid cooking chemicals called White liquor the lid on the digestor is closed and steam is introduced as heat and pressure increase inside the digestor the lignan begins to dissolve and the wood chips begin to break down think of white liquor as soap separating the wood fibers and washing out the glue or ligant the cooking liquid now containing the broken down ligman is called black liquor when it leaves the digestor it's very diluted containing a lot of water the water is evaporated out concentrating the remaining ligament and cooking chemicals this mixture is burned in a specially designed boiler called a recovery boiler which generates Steam and electricity for the mill after burning All That Remains of the black liquor are are the spent cooking chemicals called Green liquor in a final process lime is added restoring and recycling the original chemical composition at this stage the mixture is again known as white liquor and is ready to begin the cycle again in the digestors this cycle of white to black to green and back again to White Cycles again and again making the process not only environmentally sound but also very coste effective in fact this large intricate recycling process known as The Craft process is what made paper affordable to the masses for the first time in [Music] history back at the digestors the remaining cellulose fiber isn't yet totally pure and in order to get rid of any remaining ligant the fiber is transferred to bleaching stations here pulp is washed with bleach and water in a series of steps assuring all remaining ligman has been removed with each step the fiber becomes whiter and whiter what started out as a very Brown dark wood fiber is now bright white and ready for use from here the cellulose fiber or pulp is either sent to the tissue Mill paperboard Mill or to the pulp dryer where it's dried bailed and stored for future use water is key in paper making paper mills use a lot of water the clear water paper mill uses millions of gallons a day water is used to cool to clean and as a way of moving product throughout the mill water is also used inside the boilers to generate Steam and help cool Machinery water is continuously recycled throughout the mill in the end the water is returned to the river but only after being filtered cleaned and purified through a very complex system clear water paper operates Ates with some of the tightest discharge constraints of any pulp Mill in the United States today's modern pulp Mills operate as cleanly as possible much of the equipment which costs millions of dollars is required to keep the mill environmentally sound very little goes to waste and great efforts are made to truly be good stewards of the [Music] environment