Organizations and Management Overview

Aug 11, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces the core concepts of organizations and management, comparing traditional and modern organizations and explaining why management is essential for effective resource use.

What is an Organization?

  • An organization is a deliberate arrangement of people to achieve a specific purpose.
  • Organizations require a distinct purpose, people, and a deliberate structure.
  • Traditional organizations were stable, rigid, job-focused, individual-oriented, and had hierarchical relationships.
  • Modern organizations are dynamic, flexible, skill-focused, team-oriented, involvement-oriented, customer-focused, diverse, and have lateral or network relationships.
  • Modern organizations adapt to technological and globalization changes and empower employees at all levels.

What is Management?

  • Management is the process of achieving organizational objectives by combining human, physical, and financial resources efficiently.
  • It involves converting inputs (resources) into outputs (goods/services) while maximizing productivity and minimizing resource wastage.
  • Management is necessary for all organizations, regardless of size, type, or department.
  • Management applies to daily activities, even outside formal organizations, such as at home.
  • Management can be viewed as a discipline (body of knowledge), a human activity (involving people), and a process (specific functions/activities).

The Role of Managers

  • Managers are individuals who implement management principles to achieve organizational goals.
  • A manager gets work done through others by coordinating team or group efforts towards common organizational goals.
  • Management is about achieving results through the efforts of others, not just individual work.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Organization — A structured group of people working together for a specific goal.
  • Management — The process of efficiently using resources to achieve organizational objectives.
  • Manager — A person who gets work done through managing the efforts of others.
  • Traditional Organization — Stable, rigid, job-focused, and hierarchically structured.
  • Modern Organization — Dynamic, flexible, skill-focused, team-oriented, and diverse.

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Watch Part Two of Module One to learn about manager roles and management functions.