Lecture on Artificial Intelligence

Introduction

AI Perception: Common perception includes fear of AI (e.g., AI destroying humans).
Elon Musk's View: AI is a fundamental risk to human civilization.
Debate: AI as a threat is debatable.

Coined by John McCarthy (1956): Defined AI as the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.
AI in Daily Life: Present in healthcare, marketing, business, etc. Often unrecognized.

AI: Science of machines mimicking human behavior.
Machine Learning (ML): Subset of AI; machines make decisions from data.
Deep Learning (DL): Subset of ML; uses neural networks to solve complex problems.
Interrelation: ML and DL provide algorithms and networks aiding AI.

Beyond ML and DL: Includes natural language processing, robotics, computer vision, etc.

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI):
- Known as weak AI.
- Specific tasks; no genuine intelligence or self-awareness.
- Examples: Alexa, iPhone Face Verification, Tesla’s Autopilot, Sophia the robot, Google Maps.
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI):
- Known as strong AI.
- Performs any intellectual task like a human.
- Debate over feasibility and desirability.
- Stephen Hawking warned of AGI surpassing human capabilities.
Artificial Superintelligence (ASI):
- Computers surpass human capabilities.
- Hypothetical; depicted in sci-fi.
- Predicted by Elon Musk to emerge by 2040.

Finance: JPMorgan’s AI analyzes legal documents quickly.
Healthcare:
- IBM Watson used in 230+ healthcare organizations.
- Google's AI for detecting diabetic retinopathy.
Social Media:
- Facebook uses AI for face verification.
- Twitter uses AI to identify hate speech.
Search Engines:
- Google Predictive Search uses AI for recommendations.