Hey guys, welcome to Lingua Marina. Today we're going to talk about the subtleties, those small things called prepositions in the English grammar that we often mix up. And when I arrived in the States, I was like, what do I say?
Am I... at the farmer's market? Am I in the farmer's market?
Like the difference is so small. And in this video, I'm going to explain you everything. So if you want to make sure you're using the right prepositions all the time, continue watching this video. really carefully and make sure you're writing things down so that you can practice them later because that's really important. Okay, let's start with at versus in.
The rule that you have to remember. In is used with major big things like countries, cities, continents. I was born in Europe.
Well, St. Petersburg is kind of Eastern Europe. I consider it Europe. He was born in Italy. He was born in Rome.
I was born in Liverpool in a railroad switch house. We use at with smaller, insignificant kind of places. So I'm at the farmers market.
Because farmers market is relatively small. Same with buildings. I'm at the airport. I'm going to meet you at the restaurant.
With small, insignificant things, we're using at. I work at the university stadium. I'm a security guard.
The next set of rules. is regarding all versus all of. So we use all of when we have pronouns.
Pronouns are us, they, them, me, you. Those are all pronouns. So we say all of us are going to Malibu next week. All of them have completed their TOEFL test. So whenever it's a pronoun, we have all of.
All of me. However, in all other cases, we have all. All the people. are forced to stay at home. All the students have to wear masks.
All the children need to stay at home. All the gods, all the heavens. By the way, guys, if you're looking for a manual or like a book for grammar, my team and I have created a grammar book with all the necessary rules that you need. We have prepositions.
We have tenses. We have conditionals. Oh my god, I hate conditionals. What would have happened if he had come five minutes earlier?
all of those clauses and consequences. All of that is explained in a very simple manner. It's a very, very visual grammar book that you can use every single day when you are doing something in English, when you have this question, oh my God, what do I use here?
Our grammar book would be there to help you. Moreover, if you want more practice, we have a special practice exercise book created specifically for this grammar book. So you can read the topic on a specific grammar rule and then practice that. that grammar rule. It's a very affordable manual created by me and my team.
It's brand new, it's fresh, no old fashioned words, no old fashioned rules. I use it all the time with my students when I'm creating different classes. The link will be below. Please make sure to download it, print it out, or you can use a PDF on your computer or your iPad. I, by the way, love using iPad Pro, where you can write things inside the PDF with a pen.
But it's up to you, whatever you have at home, or just print it out and have it on your desk and. at all times because this is something you can consult when you have any questions regarding grammar. Again, the link will be below. Thank you so much for downloading it and it would really help you go through my videos as well. The next section in versus on versus at when we're talking about time.
So when we talk about general measurements like I'll be there in two minutes, I'll see you in two days, we're gonna travel abroad in two months. So this in is used with general measurements. there in 20 minutes however when we have a specific date and time we use on and add I will see you on Monday at 12 p.m. the classes start on September 21st I'll go now if I may we'll see you on Friday and remember that in is also used with a year I was born in 1990 he will come back in 2025 that was in 1994 beside Beside versus besides. So beside is a preposition that means nearby.
We were camping beside the river. We were camping on the shore, right? We're really close to the river and we're camping there. Beside the white chickens. Besides is an adverb and preposition that means in addition to.
Besides, we need your support in this venture. So this is something you would start your sentence with. Besides two suitcases.
I'm taking three boxes with me. So it means in addition to my boxes, I'm taking my suitcases. You mean beside my marriage? Among versus between.
Among is used when you have a group of objects or people, usually three or more. She's very popular among her classmates. She's a very popular girl, right? I can choose among all your t-shirts. You have like 30 in your closet.
Oh my God. Among our homes. Between is when you have two objects. I can't decide between going to the cinema and staying at home.
Between us. On versus upon. They're actually interchangeable. You can use both, but upon is really formal and unfashioned.
Remember this? Once upon a time there was this little girl who lived in the forest, blah blah blah. All the fairy tales will start like that.
Put your book on a table. We usually just use on. on in this context.
To versus than. There are several words that can only be followed by to. And these words are senior, junior, prefer, prior, superior, inferior, preferable.
He is senior to me in service, right? We're using to. I prefer coffee to tea. I like coffee more.
He is superior to me in terms of grades, which means he's. higher than me. Is Matthew superior to me?
So with these we use to. In other cases we use than. He's better than me. She's more beautiful than me.
Etc. You're no better than he is. In versus into. We use in when we have a person, an animal, or an object located in a location.
I was sitting in the classroom. He was in the house when the policeman came. Here he is in your office.
We use into in a sense of coming toward something. He came into my office. So he was kind of entering a closed space and he was moving toward me.
So he came into my office. We're driving into garage. So this is this movement inside. Then we use into. Came into the store.
For versus since. For measures a period. Since marks the start date.
I've been vlogging for 5 years already. I've been vlogging since 2014. It's actually 6. Wow. I've been following...
Wow, this is a great example for you to practice. Write this down below, two sentences. I've been following Lingua Marina for two years. I've been following Lingua Marina since 2018 when I first saw her video about tofu.
By the way, guys, let me know, when did you first start watching me and why? What was that video that grabbed your attention and made you subscribe and made you follow me? This would be really useful for my future videos because I would make sure I produce more content that attracts people's attention. Please comment down below and thank you so much for doing that and thank you so much for practicing your English down in comments below. Agree with versus agree to.
Agree with is used for agreement with a person. I agree with you. We need to practice English daily. I agree with our president that we need to support our economy.
I agree with Dinesh. Agree to is used for agreement to a plan, proposal, or idea. I agree to your proposal. Let's start a company together. I agree to your idea to share this video with all of my friends.
You'll agree to anything. Thank you guys so much for watching this video up to the very end. I hope you got a lot of useful information on how to use your prepositions correctly. And I hope you made sure and downloaded my grammar book so that it's with you at all times. And you make sure that you are using the right structures, that you're using the right words and the right grammar in your English language.
The link will be below. Thank you so much. And I will see you very soon in my next videos. Bye-bye.