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Factoring Trinomials with GCF

Oct 3, 2025

Overview

This lecture covers how to factor trinomials by always starting with the Greatest Common Factor (GCF), then applying trial and error factoring methods.

Factoring Trinomials with the GCF

  • Always factor out the GCF first before factoring the rest of the trinomial.
  • The GCF is the largest expression that divides all terms in the trinomial.
  • After extracting the GCF, factor the remaining trinomial using trial and error or reverse FOIL (First, Outside, Inside, Last).

Example 1: Factoring with a GCF

  • For 18x^4 - 21x^3 - 15x^2, the GCF is 3x^2.
  • Divide each term by 3x^2: 6x^2 - 7x - 5.
  • Factor the resulting trinomial by trial and error: (2x + 1)(3x - 5).
  • The fully factored form: 3x^2(2x + 1)(3x - 5).

Example 2: Factoring with Variables and GCF

  • For 16x^3y - 28x^2y + 30xy^2, the GCF is 2x.
  • Divide each term by 2x: 8x^2y - 14xy + 15y^2.
  • Factor the trinomial: try combinations like (4x y - 3y)(2x - 5).
  • Adjust signs so the middle term matches; the correct factoring: 2x(4x y - 3y)(2x - 5).

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Trinomial — a polynomial with three terms.
  • Greatest Common Factor (GCF) — the largest factor shared by all terms in a polynomial.
  • Trial and Error Factoring — method of finding two binomials whose product equals the given trinomial.
  • FOIL — method to multiply two binomials (First, Outside, Inside, Last).

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice factoring trinomials by first finding and extracting the GCF, then factoring the remaining expression.
  • Prepare for homework problems involving trinomials with numerical and variable GCFs.