Joaquin Murrieta

Overview

• Full Name: Joaquín Murrieta Carrillo (also spelled Murieta or Murietta)
• Born: c. 1829, Álamos, Sonora, Mexico
• Died: July 25, 1853, Mariposa County, California
• Resting Place: Hornitos, California
• Occupation: Vaquero, gold miner, outlaw
• Known For: Outlaw leader during California Gold Rush
• Spouse: Rosa Feliz

Historical Context

• Murrieta is often referred to as the "Robin Hood of the West" or "Robin Hood of El Dorado."
• His life is a blend of history and legend, with disputed historicity.
• The novel "The Life and Adventures of Joaquín Murieta" (1854) by John Rollin Ridge is a fictional account of his story.

Early Life

• Born in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico; educated in El Salado.

Migration to California (1849)

• Moved during the California Gold Rush after being urged by his stepbrother.
• Faced prejudice and hostility; reported attacks by American miners.

Career as an Outlaw

• After personal tragedies (wife's assault, brother's lynching), Murrieta sought revenge.
• Formed a gang involved in horse trading and theft, targeting Anglo settlers.
• The California state placed a bounty of $5,000 on him, "dead or alive."

Death and Legacy

• Killed on July 25, 1853, in a confrontation with California Rangers led by Captain Harry Love.
• His head was preserved and displayed as proof of his death, leading to speculation about its authenticity.
• Murrieta has become a symbol of Mexican resistance and has inspired various cultural works, including novels and films.

Cultural Impact

• His story has been romanticized in literature, comics, and films.
• Influenced the creation of the character Zorro.
• Celebrated in folklore, music, and as a cultural figure representing resistance against oppression.

Key Works and References

• Ridge's "The Life and Adventures of Joaquín Murieta"
• Various films and TV series depicting his life and legacy.