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Palpation of Wrist Flexors and Extensors
Jun 11, 2024
Lecture Notes: Palpation of Wrist Flexors and Extensors
Overview
Flexors of the wrist: Located on the anterior forearm (non-hairy side)
Extensors of the wrist: Located on the posterior forearm (hairy side)
Tools for Identifying Muscles
Brachioradialis (divider muscle) Test
: Flexors medial to brachioradialis; extensors lateral to brachioradialis
Extensor Muscles
General Function
Originate from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Extend the wrist and digits
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and Brevis
Origin
: Longus from the supracondylar ridge; Brevis from the lateral epicondyle
Insertion
: Longus at base of second metacarpal; Brevis at base of third metacarpal
Palpation Technique
: Support elbow, have client abduct/adduct wrist to feel muscle contraction, and follow muscle down the forearm
Extensor Digitorum
Origin
: Lateral epicondyle
Insertion
: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Palpation Technique
: Have client wiggle fingers or extend wrist and digits; tendons pop up on the dorsum of the hand
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin
: Lateral epicondyle
Insertion
: Base of fifth metacarpal
Palpation Technique
: Have client adduct/abduct wrist; follow muscle from lateral epicondyle to base of fifth metacarpal
Summary of Extensors
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
: Lateral humerus to base of second metacarpal
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
: Lateral humerus to base of third metacarpal
Extensor Digitorum
: Lateral humerus to digits 2-5
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
: Lateral humerus to base of fifth metacarpal
Flexor Muscles
General Function
Originate around the medial epicondyle
Flex the wrist and digits
Flexor Carpi Radialis
Origin
: Medial epicondyle
Insertion
: Base of second and third metacarpals
Palpation Technique
: Have client flex wrist, locate tendon near thumb, follow muscle from wrist to medial epicondyle
Palmaris Longus
Origin
: Medial epicondyle
Insertion
: Palmar fascia
Palpation Technique
: Have client flex wrist, locate tendon in center, follow muscle up to medial epicondyle. Thumb-to-fifth digit maneuver also helps
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Origin
: Medial epicondyle
Insertion
: Pisiform, hook of hamate, base of fifth metacarpal
Palpation Technique
: Have client flex wrist, locate tendon near ulna, follow muscle from wrist up to medial epicondyle
Summary of Flexors
Flexor Carpi Radialis
: Medial humerus to base of second/third metacarpals
Palmaris Longus
: Medial humerus to palmar fascia
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
: Medial humerus to base of fifth metacarpal
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