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Elements of Art Summary

Sep 20, 2025

Overview

This lecture introduces the elements of art, explaining each as a fundamental building block artists use to create artwork.

Elements of Art Overview

  • Elements of art are the basic building blocks, similar to ingredients in a recipe.
  • Key elements include line, value, color, space, shape, form, and texture.

Line

  • A line is a mark with length and direction.
  • Lines can be straight, curvy, jagged, hatched, zigzag, curly, or drippy.
  • Line variation involves using different thicknesses to add visual interest.
  • Line weight describes how thick or thin a line is.
  • Contour lines follow the outer edges of an object, serving as outlines.
  • Blind contour drawing is drawing contours without looking at the paper, improving observation skills.

Value

  • Value in art refers to the lightness or darkness of a color or area.
  • Value scales show the gradation from light to dark.

Color

  • Color is seen through light reflecting off objects.
  • Hue is the name of a color (e.g., red, blue).
  • Intensity (or saturation) describes the brightness or dullness of a color.
  • Colors can be described as bright, vivid, muted, neutral, saturated, or dull.

Space

  • Space is the area around, above, within, or inside objects in art.
  • Shallow space has little depth and feels flat or cramped.
  • Deep space has much depth, allowing objects to recede into the distance.
  • Positive space is the area of focus in an artwork.
  • Negative space is the background or area around the main subject.

Shape and Form

  • Shapes are two-dimensional (height and width); forms are three-dimensional (height, width, depth).
  • Geometric shapes/forms have precise, mathematical edges (e.g., circles, squares, cubes).
  • Organic shapes/forms are irregular, natural, and have soft or curvy edges.

Texture

  • Texture is how something feels or appears to feel.
  • Actual texture can be physically felt (e.g., soft, gritty).
  • Visual (implied) texture can only be seen, not touched, often created in two-dimensional art.

Key Terms & Definitions

  • Element of Art — basic visual component used to create artwork.
  • Line — a mark with length and direction.
  • Contour Line — line that follows the outer edges of an object.
  • Blind Contour — contour drawing done without looking at the paper.
  • Value — the lightness or darkness of a color or area.
  • Hue — the name of a color.
  • Intensity/Saturation — brightness or dullness of a color.
  • Space — area around or within objects in art.
  • Shallow Space — little depth, flat appearance.
  • Deep Space — much depth, objects recede far back.
  • Positive Space — areas of focus in art.
  • Negative Space — background or area around the subject.
  • Shape — two-dimensional area (height and width).
  • Form — three-dimensional object (height, width, depth).
  • Geometric — mathematically regular shapes or forms.
  • Organic — irregular, natural shapes or forms.
  • Texture — how something feels (actual) or appears to feel (visual/implied).

Action Items / Next Steps

  • Practice identifying and describing the elements of art in different artworks.
  • Try a blind contour drawing as a warm-up before regular drawing.