[Music] classification of matter so as we all know no boxes have been nothing matter um it is anything data space and has mass and along this we have we are going to study no you manga you units of measurements and the rules when it comes to uh significant figures so let's start okay so chemistry so pakistan chemistry that is the study of the uh composition structure and properties of matter and the changes so um so that's why we have this structure and properties and some changes okay so now what are the importance of chemistry in the field of engineering so for example we have the methodology [Music] um insulators okay the second one is uh energy that occupy space so basically the um structure and then yeah the second one will be the liquid so saline uh it is composed of particles no in such a major malugna and that's why it has neither a different shape or a definite volume and then another one is the plasma basically a plasma is when it comes to having a free electrons from einstein condensate [Music] einstein we have freezing but it took us we have some sublimation and solitude for example smart balls and dry eyes and sony podcasters only we have the deposition [Music] um we have the um evaporation we have the condensation yeah okay so i am putting some uh matter okay now we have the classification of matter so basically uh diagram we have the matter is divided into two that is the mixture and the pure substance so your substance basically it has a definite composition and distinct properties so to help your sangining identity so yeah any mixture components can be separated by pc so okay now let's go to the first pure substance okay compound uh so this is a pure substance that contains two or more elements being combined in a chemical means or when they're in combination by a definite proportion by mass so so basically all right then put that one is a mixture we have the uh we call this the heterogeneous and the homogeneous examination homogeneous you know by the or the composition of your substance in which um there will be a uniform composition composition how much [Music] properties [Music] can be classified furthermore into suspensions and colloids i have the newest mixture so those are this is a type of heterogeneous mixture in which the solid particle [Music] [Music] [Music] uh can be separated by means or by chemical means how we are going to dissolve or we are going to separate the mixture into physical means water solution okay so my solution put it in a pinata in it okay end up being evaporated into dryness uh water component so i put use the magnet to remove the iron feelings from the sun okay and uh since the sun will be not attracted to it okay so let's go now to the properties of matter matter so number one is the physical properties so basically these are the properties that does not affect the um identity and the composition of a substance is some substance okay physical properties yeah so another example and then along with that we have the physical changes basically these are the changes that cannot uh alter okay or cannot change the substance so the property and the composition of the substance for example the melting and freezing breaking crushing cutting etc uh we also have the chemical composition or chemical properties we're in uh the matter undergoes the changes then structure or give an opponent so that is for example you have the heat combustion and question it flame ability acidity reaction with water and each other chemical speaking of chemical properties you also have a chemical change so basically they have a target on chemical reaction in which the substance is being converted into another substance okay so example our digestion uh temperature color uh composition and the chemical reaction so my example from a chemical change digestion respiration burning casting um [Music] so we have the measurements so we have the following quantities so we have the length so basically it affects the um weight of the body then your time number events temperature okay so that is the one it measures the heatness okay the hotness or gold is electric again so this is the gate of flow of the electric charge and or the electrons amount of substance so this is the size of a three-dimensional body okay mass kilogram of time seconds temperature kelvin or absolute zero absolute zero electric up here amount of substance is a mole and the luminous intensity is candela we have this following uh peaks to express okay the number in scientific notation 10 raised to 9 mega m 10 is to 6 kilo 10 raised to 6 at n raised to 3 rather centi 10 raised to negative 2 milli 10 gets to negative 3 10 raised negative 6 micro um you are going to involve the operation so it is important notation okay now let's go to the significant figures so basically so these are the digits that carry a meaning in a number and contribute to its precision precise um so now let's have some examples here okay so any zero or any digit that is not zero is significant digits are significant so and for example we have uh 406. significant figures yes of course of the first non-zero digit are not significant so for example so for example 0.001 okay so for example single point 0 0 now if a number is greater than one then all zeroes to the right of the decimal point are significant so remember uh uh and then if the numbers is less than 10 then the only zeros that are at the end and in the middle of the numbers a [Music] and then when it comes to the calculations involving the significant figures bug addition and subtraction among uh [Music] so depending okay now when it comes to multiplication or division [Music] the number of significant figures is the same as the number of significant figures in the quantity having the smallest number of significant figures then we can choose to count off so we have 400 or 4.51 times three point six six six six six six six or simply sixteen point five five of push okay uh divide six point eight divided by one hundred twelve point zero four so we will have zero point zero six one okay you know that is one cubic centimeter yeah and then one ball is uh one thousand eighty meter yeah okay so yeah so now let's go to temperature conversions of course as you all know but even you need some temperature we have b celsius fahrenheit kelvin and well we have the degree celsius and the degrees fahrenheit having their relationship to each other no we have for the degree celsius we have five over nine times the degree of plug and height minus twenty and then point the degrees fahrenheit so that will be equivalent to nine over of water 100 degrees celsius but getting pagan height that is 212. 273. essentially so you will have 500 and augusta so having a unit of square meter in volume which is the amount of the space that an object occupies so that would be cubic meter uh density okay that is a mass per unit of volume uh in a particular substances uh one million one million particles so usually some hanging uh and force per unit of area so that's why uh the unit there is pascal no equivalent to newton per square meter energy okay that is the rate of doing work so and one joule so we will have per second foreign values from one unit to another unit using the conversion um [Music] yeah commitment conversion factor so we have 100 centimeter over one meter as the conversion factor and then um so now okay so let's have some example problems here okay so for letter a we have uh zero point zero eighteen three pounds two milligrams [Music] uh um [Music] so in the main panel now so we can have uh 175 meters 1000 meter cubic meters what is [Music] is one thousand so we can have 808 kilogram per cubic okay it's an exponent so we have [Music] 105 minus 32 so we can have uh is pascal okay so now what they are going to do is [Music] nothing liters so we can have one cubic meter 0.082 [Music] is basically 746 watts so a unit of power okay and then um one pound force is actually equivalent one slot and feet per second so now let's convert four horsepower convert nothing saw so we can have 746 watts and then you watch yep okay uh what's that it's jokes per [Music] is my is [Music] so [Music] 66 000 okay 66 thousand [Music] is used in airplane bodies because it is strong and light has a density of 4.55 kilogram or gram per cubic centimeter if a cylinder of a titanium is 7.75 centimeters long and has a mass of 153.2 grams so calculate the diameter so we are looking for the diameter or dimension of the is divided by 4.55 gram per cubic centimeter so you will have 33.67 cubic centimeter in there so nothing formulating volume c in there by r squared h centimeter so we can have 33.67 cubic centimeter divided by pi times height so your height is centimeter a dialogue diameter is twice long reduced so we can have two times that so two point three five two seven now let's have this one a magnesium is a valuable metal used in alloys batteries and in synthesis okay now it is obtained mostly from sea water contains that contains about 1.3 giga grams of magnesium for every kilogram of sea water there's a 1.3 gram of magnesium there okay so now what we are going to do is to find the volume of the sea water in liters first and then followed by the okay so volume sea water needed to extract one point or eight times 10 raised to 4 tons of magnesium okay which is roughly the annual production in united states yeah so even the density of the sea water is a 1.03 foreign okay foreign [Music] [Music] so one kilogram uh 1000 clubs 2000 [Music] [Music] one kilogram [Music] [Music] okay uh foreign we can have negative [Music] and the last problem is now the accepted concentration for this purpose is one ppm blowing or one gram of chlorine per million gram of water ppm that stands for per million yeah parts per million okay now calculate the volume of the chlorine solution in milliliter a home owner should add to her swimming pool if the solution contains six percent of chlorine by mass and there are two types 10 raised to 4 gallons of water in the pool now one gallon is 3.79 meters of melange density of water is one to one per ml and the density of the solution is 10 raised four gallons and what got some water and then uh 3.79 meter per gallon we are looking for the amount in [Music] milliliters [Music] again