So hi everyone, today the body will be made brother, this What are you doing, I mean teach body building. what in today's class oh no no this Look what is this rod, this rod, iron rod now You might be seeing it visible in the camera Whether or not there is a black spot on this road Black se surface aa raha hai blackish brownish surface why has this happened because this It was iron and had been exposed to moisture for a long time. what should be in it because it was kept inside The rusting is over, so today we are going to study about metals and non-metals Before that, I will put it down, brother. You are heavy, aren't you? My arms and legs are broken today. So look what we are going to read today. Are metals and non-metals important now? The thing is that all the properties of metal We will study chemical and physical each one and then after that We will also study the properties of non-metals. will talk about the reactivity series And many different things whatever your syllabus Today we will cover every single point that is inside How many children have done it first? I have joined and keep liking it once. Let me quickly check the like ratio. I take it, brother, please like it. I want to keep liking it quickly, don't stop. Now look, we have to keep liking it. I've told you what we cover. We will do it, that is, we will cover the entire chapter. We are going to cover each and every line of NCERT. If you are from CBSE board or ICSE Be it from any board or SSC board You belong to a board which follows NCERT. This lecture is sufficient for you if This chapter of yours is in your exam. is going to come okay and the board will also read things from the perspective that How are case based questions, isn't it a case? People do not understand base questions and assertions. How are the reasoning questions? How can questions come from the chapter? We're going to talk about all the things today. First of all, I have a small message for you. Question: Earlier you discussed the acid base issue. I have taught a chapter that you Please see that chapter if you haven't seen it. Please watch it because that chapter Many concepts of are used here, so It is very important to study acid base. I already got you in one shot And by one shot I mean the entire chapter There are no small things here that are half forgotten. I have taught half, I will teach you later, no no no We teach the entire chapter at a time. ok for those who don't know my name is Prashant I am a mentor of thousands of Students and 10th graders like you I am also teaching students for free. We teach in For lecture notes you just need Tegra I have to join and see what I have to do first. First join Tegra, it is okay on that You will get notes and you will also get What to do is check the description. Inside you will find chapter wise previous year You will get a booklet containing questions which we have prepared. It is provided for free, so you can go there You can also read from there, apart from that we have another We have made a booklet which is our question. Practice Booklet Question Practice Booklet with Assertion Reasoning MCQs inside it based questions, all the questions, that too If you are getting it chapter wise then Please download all these things. Take it for free, we are here for anyone They don't come to sell things and say buy them for Rs 500 or Rs 1000. Take it for Rs. 10,000, no, just one of ours. The motive is to promote education in India. We could get it done for free and as long as we could. Yes, we will do it and our entire team will achieve this goal. running forward towards okay so you You must have known me by now and you You must have seen a lot of my videos today. We will read the chapter and finish it in one shot. But as we have a routine, we have a What is the ritual? First of all, I want to tell you all I ask brother how much is the josh meter 100 Comment once on your Josh Meter. Leave a comment and I'll take a look Comment, brother, how much is it, how much is it Chat is going on, please comment inside it. Yes brother, it is 100, tell me how much is 150, 200 No one will have less than 100 and this The enthusiasm you have should remain the same till the end. It is needed and today we will read it in such a way that it continues till the end. See my friend, if you remain the same Is he even slightly serious about his goals? No, let me watch this video today. I guarantee you this chapter is yours I will never stop you in life It will become absolutely clear as soon as I say it. I am going to keep noting those things in hand. You will be making your own written notes simultaneously. So let us start at all Let's start from the very basics I will do it with one or two things, right? First I start with the basic matter and Look at its base from the material. It starts with matter and material You must have read this chapter in your book. Where you were reading What Does Matter Matter What happens, you have all those things, right? If you have studied then how is your relation with that? I will show you the relation once. Look, we had read that matter is There are two types, what is the first one? Everyone has read pure and impure in this. So no one has any doubt that we I read it long ago when I was in the ninth grade. We were small students, we came to Taking the dream from class that brother ninth four I will give it but Bhaiya, ninth is such a difficult league. I said that brother, my mind has gone crazy but no one It's not a matter of tension, it's not a matter of 10th The class is easier the more The more difficult the ninth becomes, the more tension there is. It's okay and I'm telling you the reality. 9th and 11th are two such classes which That if there is one of the toughest classes then tension It doesn't matter how much the score is in the ninth This year has come, the best year of your life. good score is going to come okay so we Do you know that there are two types of matter Pure and impure, this is our idea, this is our idea There is an idea, isn't it, there is only one pure one. It is impure, hey brother, what is pure? Pure is made of same particles Meaning, if two same particles, say two What can we say to the twin brothers? Yes, they are exactly the same, so what should we say to them? We can tell them brother, this is What is pure and what is impure? Different students are one Ram and one Shyam Both are different, what can I say? Let's talk about Impor further, now see what Pure Pure substances also have two What are the types of elements and The compound also tells you this element What happens, isn't it, a single type particle? What is a compound? Many large The number of particles that make up the compound now The elements that exist are also of three types. consists of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids and Who are we going to talk about today? Today we are going to talk about these two things. There's a lot more about metals and non-metals. It is important that brother metal and non-metal Our entire chapter is based on this. Okay, this is the homogenous Hetzner. It is not even in our syllabus, we only I will talk about these two today. I'll tell you my Nesty I am giving you this chapter as an experience. One of the most important chapters I'm telling you if you keep listening Na, each and every point of NCERT is covered here You will need to read NCERT. I won't have to, that's why I'm saying every single one listen to the point carefully because if If you listen carefully, you will enjoy it. friend, is there any problem, it's okay together Keep making notes in the Now watch periodic The table is very important if you If you want to read this chapter then you will need periodic The table should come a little bit, I'm not like that. He is saying that the periodic table should be complete then It will be possible for you, right, right, a little bit. should be okay like you know dude I want to know a little about the metals. There should be a lot of good ideas. All metals like zinc, copper, silver and gold You should know that besides that you should know non You should also know the names of metals. Apart from this, there is a reactivity series. Reactivity Series I told you about In which chapter when we read the first chapter I was studying chemical reactions in chemistry. And in the equation, I told you one thing. I had to listen carefully my friend, I told you One line was said displacement reaction Aksar Due To What Reactivity Series Yaad One element came to another element He replaces it because he But Bhaiya, he is more reactive. How is reactivity detected? One of its This is a pre-defined series, I don't understand anything. Come, let me explain it in simple words. What is it, it is you, it is you, isn't it? You have a friend and this is your friend's She is my beloved, isn't she? These two have become a couple. What has happened? Take a lame example. I am here but don't take it to heart, okay? You will not be disrespected by this Your friend will be insulted now watch it. You are more than your friend His lover is smart, isn't she? She leaves this and comes with you. Friend, wait a minute, what happened? Yes, come now. Go now, this beloved is coming here. would come to you Now what happened, you both have bonded. So what was this, it was the same This is what happens within the displacement reaction. I remembered you, brother. I explained it in a great way, now see what happened. Because you were smarter. No, in real life if you have If I had more money, I would have come to you. But it's okay, you were smarter. Similarly, the more reactive the element, the more What is reactive and how do they define it? They define reactivity. The series that I will remind you of today After that you will have to do that reactivity series. You won't need to remember the best I will remind you in this way and send it today I'm going to let's start with the first First let's study metals, okay now look. Basics of metals and non-metals You should know the definition, right? Because look, definition is such a thing Which can be asked in the exam at any time. Sometimes the basic will say that it is differentiable. Metal and nonmetal, what do you know about number two? The question may come, it may come, it is not possible, You should know the definition of metals. What is the definition of metal or the substance? Who has a tendency to donate Electrons are very important. point is and this definition is mostly you You won't see it anywhere else, but it's accurate. See definition Metals are substances that Have tendency to donate electrons this line Drink this line by gulping it down Go ahead and add one more word to it. Tendency to Donate Electrons and Conduct Electricity and Heat Conduction Everyone knows about electricity and heat conduction. Isn't it heat or electricity or metal, brother? What happens is heat and electricity If we conduct it then this point will It is very important here as well It's okay to write about conduction also brother would have conducted Okay, does anyone have any problem till here? If anyone has a problem, please tell me once. Give it, there is no problem, isn't it? It is very simple brother, now you know that Dude, I already told you that. They donate a lot of electrons It's a basic thing, why do they do it now? I'll tell you later okay Because they donate, so they Electrons are electropositive If you are positive, this is the same thing, friend. You donate anything to anyone. Neither in your life nor through that donation If positivity comes then similarly electron When we donate, we have A positive charge comes in this way. We will keep this so electric positive in Nature gets ahead, non-metals Now let's see if we understand the definition of metals. So do I not understand non-metals? I will find out if you are not a fool or a donkey. No, brother, this is very simple, look. What are non-metals and which elements are there? Form Negative Income by Accepting Gains Electron Accepting and Gaining electron now look at a very simple example of this The thing is that he donates whatever he has. What will a nonmetal do to an electron? nonmetal will gain electrons give me Let me come, let me come, let me come First, we are the first ones, let me come. What will the electron do to the nonmetal? is taking the electron so It is a simple thing that nonmetal is that thing which are taking electrons and Not a good conductor of heat and Is the electricity clear till here? Is it clear till here? It is clear that now a very good question has arisen. A friend of mine came to me and told me He said, brother, tell me one thing, friend metal Why do they donate electrons and are non-metals? Why does it take electrons? Why is this so? If it happens, I gave it a very small I replied to him, you structured I read something in the atom, it says yes, something So what did you read that the outer part of the metal How many electrons are in the outermost valence shell? He replied, either there would be forests There are either two or there are three Yes, I said, you are absolutely right. I will write for metal and for non-metal When he asked for it, he said, friend, for non-metal or So there are five or there are six or there are There are seven, that's what happens, yes I said it. Dude, he said exactly what he said. So I said now tell me one thing, if he will take octets or then one electron If he gives it then it is obvious that seven It's very difficult to ask for electrons, isn't it? It is not so easy to get a loan One electron will give him better than that, he will give two will give away three electrons It will give and the non-metal case inside it If it is from 5s then they should complete their octad only one electron to If you want two or three, then for that So it is very simple, you will ask for one, two or three and will complete it Octets are those that donate electrons. And while taking non-metal, you understood what it was. It is clear why this happens because of this Did you explain that brother, inside the outermost shell? their electron number of electrons They are so many and obviously The thing is, you should have given it to complete the Octade Yes, let's take this, that's all it takes, isn't it? You all know the examples of nonmetals. We will have studied sulfur and carbon. What is silicon besides that, we read This is a very simple example, you Everyone knows, let's move on now. Look, we're going to talk physical. Properties of metals and nonmetals most important most important Y is writing metal and here I am writing Chat with me now Keep answering with me inside the section inside the chat section okay this thing is perfect Take a minute to clear the chat section I'll just activate it Come on now let's answer with me and see The first question is conduction, conduction of heat and Which one uses more electricity? Metals conduct while non-metals conduct If you do it then it is obvious that you are easy You will write that metals are the good conductors of Heat and electricity while non-metals do not it doesn't happen it doesn't happen it doesn't happen good There is an exception inside this, now you will ask Bhaiya, what is an exception? Exception is a It's a very simple thing, what is your one There is a group, like let's say a bank There is a group of benchers who sit at the back of the class. Those who sit do not study but belong to that group. There's a kid inside who's on the back bench It sits on me but it is good after reading it. He brings the number, it happens, there is one yes. No, one is the same, what do you call it, exception? That brother, that category comes under non-metal. Yes, but the one that shows the features Features are metal You must have heard about it, right? They say when you heard the story of Ramayana So, you have heard the character of Vibhishana. It must be that brother, he was Ravana's brother but he Whose support did you give? Lord Ram did you give? So what if the brother is into something else? But there should be an exception to that thing in that community. If there is an exception, that is what happens to us. Now look at the exception and tell me which one is it. The exception is inside non-metals that can withstand heat. and conducts electricity We will quickly explain in the chat section. I'll tell you quickly, my throat is a little sore. Because you all know The weather is also changing a bit, so you guys Also take care, you are my friend, don't get sick etc. To be in this season and answer first Tell me quickly, I am waiting brother, I will chat Who is writing in the section first? Let's see, hey, write it quickly, friend, write it quickly. two absolutely absolutely right hey kids so I know very well about nonmetals which The exception is that Graphite is a good conductor of Can graphite conduct electricity? If it gives then what is graphite brother Graphite is an exception, this thing we need to Remember, non-metals are an exception. Second thing inside graphite conduction duct A sorry, what were you doing with the mail? Talk about and talk about ductility tell me one thing about these two words What do these two words mean? ductility and is malleable very strangely Some children may be hearing the word for the first time. what do these mean, look at it It's simple, you just have to imagine a little bit. Ductility means if I have a Take the element and connect that element to a thin wire I turn an element into a thin wire and turn it into a thin wire. like a pen so what would that be it would be that Ductility is the ability of that element to Gate converted into thin wire Write down the ability of an element in your notebook. to be converted into a thin wire the ability to convert into What do we call that? Ductility and dirt. What is ability? I have ability. is the ability to capture an element and convert it into a thin sheet What is thin sheet, see your That thin sheet is used inside the houses It looks like a thin sheet of aluminium, you might have seen it. So that thin sheet is malleable so you Everyone knows that our metals They are ductile, aren't they? are ductile while non-metals are ductile Have you ever seen a carbon You have made small wires that are not working. Neither are metals ductile are metals while nonmetals are not. Similarly You must have seen that of iron and copper There are sheets but have you ever seen anyone else Have you ever seen a sheet of nitrogen? If you have seen it or not, it does not mean that ok what is clear till here Anyone has any doubt Let's ask quickly Friend, let's ask quickly, very good third Point Lust Look Luster What is Luster Shine Shine is that shining ness, right? You must have noticed that if you talk about any element Aluminum shines a lot, it shines a lot Silver shines a lot, gold shines a lot If he does, then what is his Luster Now you all know that metals which are If they are lustrous then tick next to it Will apply it while non-metals do not luster But there is an exception inside it. There is a Vibhishana, who is he brother, he is ours Diamond Diamond Diamond you all know How much does a diamond shine about? So I I won't say anything, diamonds are very expensive. If it comes, you all already know it. Let's talk about sonority. What is sonority? See what sonority is in the temple. The bell in the temple rings ton ton ton ton The sound that comes is sonority, that is a metallic sound that which has a metallic sound It happens, we call it sonority. We call the sound that is made We call that property sonority. You all know that metallic sound that If it comes from metal then it is obvious. It is available but it does not make any sound. Okay, let's talk about density density. I mean, how dense it is, how heavy it is, so you Everyone knows that iron is very heavy whereas Obvious how light nitrogen is This is such a thing, tick in this, cut in this, further talk If you are doing your physical state then remember one thing Those are your metals, 99 metals are yours Inside the solid state you will be getting solid, whereas your non-metals are They can be found in solid as well as liquid. You will get it and that gas will be available in every state I meet you, it is non-metal, isn't it? You already know the example, it is clear till here. The last thing is what is hardness about it. There's no need to talk to me, friend. What can I say about this, it is obvious Its hardness is very high Hardness is very low, it also has a What is an exception? Exception Obvious C The thing is, friend, our diamond is what it is. It is very hard, so you know this thing. It is good that there is someone inside the metal too Is there an exception for hard metal? Is there any exception inside which Is there anything that is not hard? Tell me quickly, does anyone know what it is? Quickly, quickly, quickly, oh, that's great The children have very good knowledge, brother. What are sodium and potassium sodium and potassium if you ever Go inside the lab, they don't take you there. Very few would have taken them inside the school. Yes, but if they take it then ask them. Tell me one thing, where is sodium, then it will tell you We will remove sodium and sodium is very It is soft and can be cut with a knife. Potassium is very soft, it can be cut with a knife. sodium potassium What happens to this, there are exceptions now What is the last point, that is our melting And If the organic is hard then its melting and There will be a lot of biotic and non-metallic If it is very less then this brother will be very much There will be very little of it, good inside it Tell me is there any exception in this Is there any exception, tell me quickly? Keep writing, you hurry up Write it down, which one is very good? Which is gallium, it has gallium inside it, right? There is an exception that can be made from the c prompt Make a note of this and then we will move on. These are the things you should remember right now You will have to do it if you don't remind me now Brother, which are these exceptions and for whom? So what if you don't remember it later son? You will find that I am telling you in advance, remember them now. Let's keep doing it, how do we remember everything? Do you know where exceptions occur, such as that what came inside our conduction Graphite came, diamond came, in which lust came I came and what came after that brother Hardness sodium potassium inside then Gallium in the melting point, all these things. You should remember these questions. Can in MCQs The question may arise as to which element Which metal is not the hardest among all these? You should know that these two elements which are not hard, right? You should know these basic things, let's talk further. Do chemical properties of chemicals Talking about properties, it is very It's simple, you all must know it. Look, I have already told you that the valence electron is metal. How many are there inside and non-metal How many were inside Hey brother, tell me, keep writing, friend, this much time would not have to be put Tooth, what a thing brother, much better than F6 Next, let's talk about electron donors and receptor you know that brother the metal what do they do, they donate and what do they do what do they do What do they do, they gain Very good brother, talk further Electron positive electron negative so you get a I explained the thing that if we donate anything If we do this then there will be positivity in our life. beans come when we donate electrons So we have a positive charge, so this What are electrons? They are positive. It is negative till here, it is clear till here It is clear that it is not going very fast. Tell me it is clear that there is too much oxide now. This is an important point and now this is my question. I have already done this to all of you. I'll see how much knowledge you have. You should also test one thing today. Tell me my foolish child how will the oxide be If I make a metal oxide, will it Will it be acidic or basic, tell me brother. Bol Bol Bol Hey when I'm an oxide If I make it out of metal, will it be acidic? Or if it is basic then everyone will say, brother, do you remember? When we went, our minds opened up about your acid base. Told inside the acid base that metal oxides metal oxides r Always what basic in It's nature, I remembered it, I remembered it. Na s aa gaya yaad other than that nonmetal what are nonmetals co2 this is what it is Oh wow brother, I remember this, don't I? Now see which are corrosive, obviously. This is what I told you in the beginning For example, when I was lifting weights I was there when your Prashant Bhaiya was building his body. what happened inside it, what happened inside it that there was corrosion inside the metal but its There is no corrosion inside, even the corrosion is inside me. I have explained in the previous chapter What is corrosion and what is it other than that? Types of ions so obviously it is a matter of look at two There are types of ICEs which I don't know. I will tell you that there are two types of ices, one is There is one cut, there is one cut and one Son Nays, now walk carefully watching me Those who talk are those who talk about what happens have a positive charge and are neutral Those who are negative, tell me one thing about positivity. Who has it will answer yes or no Metal and Negativity Who has Non Metal Say yes or no, say yes or no, now you yourself can tell the answer, can tell the answer himself What makes metals? Non-metals What do you make, brother, I enjoyed it. If you understand this then write it here and cut it there. write it down I am going to give you this homework. That's one thing I want to tell you is metal what is metal reducing agent or What is an oxidant and what is a non-metal? reducing agent or This concept is an oxidant. I told you in the first chapter. Reducing agent means something that reduce to If you get him to take oxygen, you will now Tell me this is your homework comment I will tell you all about this lecture. After seeing what metals are reducing agent or oxidant and non What are metals, okay, it's clear. Okay, what is the last point, this is the ion type. We have already talked about Anna Ion and that Okay, this is ours, so what about this? Meaning we have also read the chemical properties completely. Lee now if ever the chemical properties or Do questions arise from physical properties? We will be able to tell, yes brother, we will be able to tell anyone No problem, no problem, life So we are doing very well, let's move on Move on, move on, now something important. Read the reactions, some great, lovely Lovely beautiful beautiful reaction read Come on brother, read some beautiful reactions. Let's take some cute reactions, right? Let's read it, now let's look at the first one. The reaction is displacement reaction now Understand carefully, look, I react anyway I have already told you before but now a new concept I'm going to tell you about the eyes and Keep your mind open because if you You haven't understood this yet, you will never understand this. If you find it, please stay focused and watch. What is the displacement reaction when a The more reactive thing attracts the less reactive thing. Like I did you and your friends And explained by giving the example of his beloved You must have understood, let's move ahead, now see this I told you a + b is c ne attack So what did C do to form a bond with B? Took it and the poor guy became alone in life Something very wrong has happened to A in the chat. Write down what we ask for peace for A Will you pray to God that he should be given life? May I find peace in what we are about to read. That is the reaction of metal with water and Its question will definitely come in your paper. It will come when I tell you it will come If it makes sense, do things very carefully. You will hear the reaction of metal with water, watch it now. See when my metal goes with the water So it will make two things, one will make metal oxide and will form a hydrogen but this The reaction does not end here. If there is access to water, it means a lot of it. There is water, I filled the tank and poured a lot of water. If it's all water, you know what will happen. That these metal oxides react again Will do it with water and now you know what will happen Now will this form metal hydroxide? will make metal hydroxide metal what is hydroxide what is it Brother, you all know about metal hydroxide. If you don't know, I will tell you Meaning Oh oh, whatever happens in the end, we call it that hydroxide okay so what happened first when If we add a little water, the metal oxide will be formed and hydrogen will be released and water will be released. If added, metal hydroxide will precipitate and Hydrogen will come out and then it will be final Our reaction becomes this, which I I am telling you in writing in the next slide I am sure that whenever I have my metal and I If you gave a lot of water, then one with metal Hydroxide will be added plus gas librate hogi h2 this reaction one of the most This is an important reaction and questions will arise about it. The question of this will definitely come, it will definitely come before I will tell you, please note it down and bring it. It will come, it means it will come, it is a sure thing, there is noise. Brother will come, I told him, let's go, right? I will come now, I will explain it to you, be patient, this is so clear. It is so clear that I have understood it till here. We've talked about our metal now. See why I'm giving you this reaction? I will explain in more depth why Because there is nothing inside it. There are some things inside it that I Let me tell you further, first reactivity Before reminding you of the series, you should read a couple of Let me tell you one more thing, like wait a minute. Where did it go brother, where did our reaction go? Where are you? Look, look, I have given you What did you tell me that when a metal is If it comes with our water, what is that? forms O hydroxide plus hydrogen yes or no yes or no now Look, this reaction is different with some metals. And this reaction is different with some metals. If you look carefully at how my Very highly reactive metal is highly reactive Now I will remind you of the reactivity series, Darna. Not if I have highly reactive metals like potassium so what is potassium If he had made it then he would have made it and H2 would also have been released. Yes, but a lot of heat is released, meaning There is a chance it will explode like a bomb. broke it with a bang sound when my potassium or sodium What does it react with? Well with water This is why you can never do this in your lab. You will ask the people in your lab, right? The person who manages the lab will tell you. Never add moisture along with sodium. Don't let yourself get attracted or there will be an explosion. Why does it happen inside the lab? Because They release a lot of heat but There's a problem here, the other thing is if Any metal is less reactive. such as calcium such as calcium so Who knows what will happen, he will make it what he is. Hee and he will also release h2 but heat heat The heat will not be released, the memory will not be released Keep this as the first point, remember this thing I'll keep it, okay, I'll remember this. It's clear up to here It's clear up to here Now the second thing means the third thing if less Agar agar and less reactive metals are very less Like how to find out if brother is reactive I'll tell you right now, don't worry, it's okay. If it is less reactive, such as aluminum Or iron, you know what will happen? Hydroxide will not form and this Because of this, questions are asked every year. Because children feel that all hydroxide with elements There will be a form and h2 will be released but this It is a lie, some elements are like this, some metals There are those which have low reactivity such as aluminum and iron When the reaction occurs, only the oxide forms. Look, the oxide forms are O Aluminum Oxide not forming What happened is the ferrous oxide form If this has happened then by doing this our thing is very It becomes more important that all Your relationship with metals is what you think. Not only hydroxide will be the form It's not necessary, it's not necessary, okay It's clear, it's clear, and remember one more thing. Keep one thing and remember one thing inside it And the question arises Whatever metals you have, take them. are reactive, such as aluminum and Iron does not react with normal water. It does not react with cold water They react only to steam Good with Steam on the next page I will tell you in writing, please understand carefully You have a highly reactive element such as own Or else both of them will not react at all. It will only react to Steam to Steam It happens that steam will react with steam. And hydroxide will not form either. Hydroxide will also not form, only Oxide will form, understand these three points This is very important because I told you this is a reaction paper. I will come, she will come because of this and this is very I will tell you a more important point. I am seeing this, it is also written in NCERT. This thing is not available in many coaching institutes. It is told and these are the questions that arise. Remember which elements Which hot things react with cold? Which Steam Works Directly It is okay to have questions under Assertion Reasoning. It's clear, it's clear, let's talk now. Because of reactivity, fear of reactivity It is very important to talk about this, you have You told us the whole story of reactivity. Talk about watching this reactivity series. it is visible it is visible This is reactivity, how do I remember it? do The above elements are too reactive How to remember the element below If he does it, he won't be able to remember it. How will you remember? Let's give you some Method Tell me who is your favorite heroine Katrina Kaif, Kareena Kapoor or your school crush whose name starts with K anything you You boys can do wonders, anything amazing Girls can do anything amazing So that you can remember, now look at the first I am telling you this is totally mine Imagination and this is totally that, I mean If I am explaining to you to teach you, then someone You will never take these things wrong, right? Showing it to your parents and telling them Look at what he keeps telling me brother. To me, he is just like an example to you. I am explaining, okay, now see how it is Katrina is here brother, hey brother, what's the matter Katrina Kaif Katrina Kaif did sodium Has Katrina asked for a car? Mother asked for car, brother Katrina asked for car They asked us to trick them inside our school. It was told that's why I am telling that Katrina bought the car I asked for a car, okay brother. So you will have to get it for me, but which car did you ask for? So Katrina asked for a car from which L? Let's see what Katrina is asking for. Is it from LT Jan, tell me any car from J Tell me about a car which is very old. The car is being driven by Jan and A Fari Ferrari, what am I saying, Katrina Car Mangi Alt Jan Ferrari is clear till here Katrina asked for a car, Alto Jan Fara Ok Brother, he demanded his car and asked for it. Then what other one did he ask for? Mangi and abscond I asked PB what is it now? still still h is from y still Hey, still hey, why is it from See? Why is it useful and what is Mercury's ME R Isn't it the same as the MER of Mercury? Why did you get it, what is it, why did you get silver? Silver and Ay what is DD car then listen Everyone must have heard about D car, so what? Look, our reaction has become very It's a simple way, you know Katrina. So look, Katrina wanted to buy a car. What did Katrina do? Katrina asked for a car. Okay brother, which one do you want, I will go ahead and do it. Hey brother, Katrina asked for a car, right? Ferrari is still missing, why haven't you found it? Still why haven't I found it? what why did you get it sorry still it is there Why did silver get high? D means what happened that friend he got this car I wanted it, but I should have gifted her a silver Audi. Di, it is just a story, you will understand the story. So remember this thing, the best way to remember And there is no easier way to do it than this. You won't get it if you have a different, easier way. If it is there then you must tell me, one of the just We have remembered them in a story format. Now we will never forget the reactivity. Anyone ask which is the most reactive? So the most reactive Katrina, hey Katrina No, it is potassium, just tell me like this, okay? We will remember all these things. It's not a problem, let's take note. Move on, now you know that What are the top reactive elements? Bha, tell me friend, who is the top reactive element? These two are from there, after that who is the medium Sa is c Ag then Aluminum Remember, okay, I'm done remembering, let's move on now. Let's grow, everyone understands that reaction It has arrived, now let us move on to the next reaction. The next reaction is ours. What is important is our reaction. Metal and nonmetal with oxygen earlier we We talked about h2o, now we'll talk about oxygen. What will happen if it comes, then look at the oxygen If you say it, it's easy to say that Iron oxide is formed and metal oxides I already told you what happens Diyas are basic, what are they in nature These things are basic, I will tell you I have already told you that these are basic. There is no doubt in this in nature It may be so, but a Vibhishana has come here too. Vibhishana means an exception has come here. But there is also an exception and the name of the exception What is the name of the exception? The name is amphoteric oxide, what is this right? I will show you this amphoteric oxide with my hand. What is amphoteric oxide? Oxides are those oxides which are basic They are also there and they are acidic too brother How is this possible? How is this possible? what are you talking about, it is possible, look at me How is it possible whenever I need aluminum I form an oxide which is al2 o3 You must have read al2 o3 al2 o3 this this It is amphoteric oxide and this question came What happens inside the board is that it contains al2 o3 Why prove us amphoteric oxide? The board members did not agree and said that brother I don't believe you won't eat this anymore. that brother if it is amphoteric then it happens that you Believe it or not, how do we prove it? If you have to prove it, then prove it. What a way to prove it, look a lot The simple method is to first look at al2 o3 make a reaction hclo3 and h2o means one forms salt and the other forms There is water, right? And I told you about it in the previous chapter. I had mentioned that the reaction of acid with base Whenever there is a reaction, what is it? Salt plus water makes it, so does it Proved whether Al2O3 is a base or not Done, okay, now look at the second reaction, al2 o3 Get it done by n Even if I am reacting with Na2, the salt It is being made and water is being made, this means al2 o3 can also react Acid, what is clear, what is clear If so, this way you can prove that al3 both Acid and base means they can react and We call this amphoteric oxide. A very important term is amphoteric. Oxide and y reaction is very important Please remember this reaction if this reaction If you forget, you could get into a big dilemma. If yes, then remember to note it down. I drink water when Till I drank water etc. for just a minute Just give me a minute until you go you take down a note Yes, it's done, tell me a story. Now I will tell you brother, please read the story. Don't tell me, it is good to teach this topic. Before that, let me explain a small story. What is it, I am talking to a student right now. I was just a little while before taking your class. Before long, that student speaks to me. Bhaiya, your board exams are near. In a few months my syllabus will be 10 to 20 But it happened, I said okay. Bhaiya says Ana when I say no hope By neighbors, perhaps I mean their There might be an elder brother or parents. etc. so everyone says that now it is at 90 It is not possible to get 90 in two months now. But you will not come now, at most 50 Brother, if you get 60 marks then only I will It seems like it's not from me If I found him then I will see his story. What is a story? It is the story of a person. He is a human being and was very fond of dogs. One is that dog, a puppy who There is a puppy which we call He brings a lot of stories. Listen carefully. It is important that the puppy brings and that which It is a puppy, isn't it? It is a German Shepherd. Have you seen a dog named German Shepherd? It happens, if you haven't seen it then you can watch it on the internet. Search for him when he is small, right? Like a wolf he sees like a wolf his If the ears etc. are like this then it means such a small The black color looked exactly like that. He means similar to our wolf It's like he was when he was little If he is there then he brings something big friend If it is very expensive then accept that meaning That little child bought it for Rs 10,000. And he's bringing her home with him. If he was taking me there were five people from there. Five thieves look at him and they say Hey man, what a nice dog he is and this The dog will be very expensive if we get it. How much money can we make from this if we get it? Meaning, how much money can you earn by selling it? If they are there then they say friend we will not take it like this. If they put some brain into it, they can One of them was very intelligent and he Tell them a trick, what do you do? No, like he is straight forward with the puppy. going straight, going on the road If it happens, first one person comes among those five One of those five guys comes He meets a random person on the road and goes and talks to her. That brother, this is you, this wolf cub Where did you get it from, leave it in the forest Come on, this is very dangerous, so then he The owner whoever had it in his hands He says, oh no, no, it's him. If there is a German Shepherd then the man who was a thief He laughs and walks away, then he thinks What a crazy man he was, he laughed and went away This is a German Shepherd, then he walks ahead. After a while another man comes and another A guy comes and then another guy sees That he turns towards him and says hey open up Mango, you are roaming around like a wolf, oh such a thing If you don't do this, leave him in the forest and he will He says, brother, can't you see? This is a German Shepherd, what are you talking about? If you are there he says hey where is the German He is a shepherd and has a few buffaloes. And that thief goes away, now that man He starts to doubt a little, then comes the third one. Then the fourth one comes and says the same thing and Now the doubt that he has is his doubt. It starts getting converted into reality. I'm starting to think this isn't a German Shepherd. Hey brother, I brought the wrong thing with me. Someone scammed me, what happens now? Now the fifth one comes, the mastermind. And he says brother, you are a fool How are you roaming around with a child? Don't do all this. Do it, it will eat you, it will grow a little bigger As soon as this happens, the man gets scared and says that Friend, I will tell you my story. Dude went to get a German Shepherd, maybe he You lied to me, this happened, that happened. Then the thief says, it doesn't matter, you Give it to me, I will leave it in the forest. I know someone who will come If you can leave it there and come back then He says that you will definitely leave him in the forest. I say yes, yes I will leave, give it to me Give it to him, don't worry, he gives it to him. And he carries it What did we learn from this? We learned that the perspective It is the society that affects our mindset. He can change, that man was right, that man was right But if it were not about those five people If he had listened, wouldn't something have happened to him? He would have been a German Shepherd but he was not allowed to practice in the society. Meaning those five people pressurized him. And it seemed to him that this was not a dog This is not a German Shepherd, this is a wolf. Why did this happen because society had He said, you are in the same condition these days. The person next to him comes and says, brother, this If you don't do the book, you won't be able to do the board. If I don't read this, there will be no board exam. I came to you with some fear and said that brother 12 You will have to study for hours only then you will appear for the board exams. All these people are lying to you. The day you deceived me, the day you If a man does not listen to these five people Listen, if I had gone straight, wouldn't something have happened? You too would not have talked to many people. Listen, just trust yourself, which is mine The decision I am making is absolutely right. Have faith in yourself and believe in yourself Stay positive, friend, just study. I have to read, I have to read, I have to read, that's it We will see, everything else will be seen The day you make it in your life Let's get everything clear, let's do a small That was the story, now let's come back. Di Padhai, now see the next reaction. is the reaction of metal with dilute acid What is a dilute acid which is an acid that is very Meaning the acid and base are less concentrated I have already told you this inside, now see if Any metal reacts with dilute acid If it does, it will form salt and hydrogen It will be made but is there an exception in this also? The exception is an acid that Does not allow hydrogen gas to be released which acid is that acid which hno3 Nitric Acid Nitric Acid Remember When My metal also reacts with nitric acid reacts with hno3 then it Why does it not allow hydrogen to be released? I don't let it happen because it is a strong oxidant please remember this line it is a Strong oxidant remember the first point but if you If you are a lion then I am one and a quarter lion, brother of hno3 Two metals came close, two brothers and sisters, which brothers came? Look, there were sisters and a brother named Magnesium. Age and a brother named Magnes m a these two Brothers came and these brothers said that brother I heard you don't release h2 hno3 said yes, so what if he doesn't do it? So both of them reacted and hno3 to h2 Gas was released, this means hno3 at any No h2 gas release with metal nonmetal does but only with these two magnesium and Manganese releases H2 gas along with it. Is this thing clear to anyone? Anyone has any doubt, it's okay now. There is one more point that you need to remember. Look at the metal above the metal above hydrogen in the Reactivity Series Can Displaces hydrogen from the dilute Acid means what we just said Did you read the Reactivity series, Katrina? All the elements that were inside it that only those metals were different from hydrogen Liberate hydrogen with dilute acid Can do it means you can do this reaction All the metals that were made from hydrogen Were down then were in the ending as if our I had gold, I had silver, all those who elements that release their hydrogen gas You can't do this, you have to keep a note of this. ok done note down move on Let's move on, now there's one more reaction left. That is the reaction between a metal and a nonmetal. What if I pick up a metal or a nonmetal? There is salt in your house, what is that salt? what is that Look at this na0 what it is, this is it, okay now look There is no point in reading and explaining them. Because you have to remember this thing. There is nothing to explain in these, first of all The point is to look at the physical nature whenever you find someone You also want to write a property, a very good one. I will tell you the trick, understand it carefully and Keep this trick close by and watch it whenever you need it. Write the properties of any ionic compound. If so, what will you do? You can salt Ionic Compounds Are Solids OK Second melting point and boiling point then you I know that the salt that is there, friend, Melting or too high a boiling point If it happens, you know it's high melting point. Bowling point ok solubility What is solubility? Salt is dissolved in water. If you dissolve it in water, you will get it but salt should be mixed in some other solution. If you take it in substance then you might not get it. What does it mean it is soluble in water And what is solvent suck as kerosene end Petrol is insoluble in water, that is to say It is soluble inside but if some different solvent It is like our kerosene and petrol If salt is not found inside then this property is very more important than that Conduction of Conduction of Electricity So You all know that if solid salt is Solid salt will not conduct, but if If I mix that salt in water then the It is water, it will conduct electricity It doesn't happen, you must have seen it Meaning if I ever change my ionic compound what will it do if I mix it in water starts conducting electricity Okay, okay, someone has a doubt, even someone also point Any doubt regarding any property in If yes, then ask quickly otherwise we will move on. Going ahead quickly Let's talk about the essence of metal. It is a very important topic, I mean Questions about Area of Metal are frequently asked. And these are the things that you understand. You must not forget these things We have read as much as we can so far. Almost 70 per off chapters have been covered All these line by line NCERT You will get line by line NCERT notes. Now look at a couple of things that I What I am telling you is that friend, you have to The thing to remember is that after studying from me You don't need to read NCERT later. First thing, second thing, you are reading it from someone else. So maybe you should read NCERT or not. I can't give you any guarantee, but what I I am studying, there is no need to read NCERT. The second thing is you just have to do one thing. This is the previous year chapter wise booklet We have provided it to you for free All you have to do is download and read this chapter. You have to do questions from this chapter. Please don't forget to ask those questions. Let's move ahead, what are you talking about? Currencies of Metal Now see what we mean Isn't that the meaning, isn't it, we have a lot of meanings? Where do metals come from? They come from within the earth. There are so many things inside the meaning right now Till now we have found only a few metals. Only non-metals have been found which we have today. But it is in the periodic table at the time of The reality is that there are still many such metals There are many non-metals which are Identification is done, meaning there are many such There are mysteries that have not yet been I know, it will take many more years for such a thing to happen. a lot of things and this researcher is on it keep doing research okay so today we I will learn that if there is a metal, I will call it What if you want to extract it from the ground? process through which I take that metal I am getting what gold is getting, right? You have that 24 carat gold, right? The gold that is yours is in the ground. You don't get a direct 24/7 to remove it. It is a very big and very expensive process. Let me explain, let's first learn some terms. First of all, let's put some terms in. The thing is metallurgy. What is metallurgy? Met allergy hoti hai a branch of science and Technology Concerned with the Properties of Metal and their production and From extraction to purified of metals Does it okay met allergies got a It is a branch of science, understand this much next point next point is mineral see mineral What are elements and compounds? Naturally in the earth surface mineral is that Like a substance that has meaning inside What is naturally occurring inside the crust We talk about mineral third thing and what else Now look, this is a type of mineral. This is a mineral, this is a complete mineral, we have taken out the mineral. Imagine this mineral being extracted, see it, imagine Do this is a mineral, we have taken out the meaning This mineral is fine from the crust, now what else? Hoga or is a type of mineral means mineral ka There is only one part but that part is inside which The quantity of metal is the highest Meaning, this was a complete mineral, inside it there was such a thing There was a part inside which there is metal at 90 If there is metal, we will remove it and make that part What should we say to that part? What else will I say, and what else will I say? What happened to the definition brother, what else is the definition Which minerals contain very high Percentage of what particular metal and metal can be profitably extracted this thing note this down note this down quickly Early notes from Let's do the next one now thing gang particles gang particles what Now see if I take another one I am taking it out now, there is one more, it is at 90 It's metal but 10 but still inside it If there is impurity then that is impurity at 10 we call it gang particles okay Remember its spelling is GANGUE Okay, what happened to the gang particles? There are impurities which are present inside the body. What is the next part? Enrichment of Ore and Concentration of Ore Look what happens, it's a very simple thing. By concentration we understand that The one who has R inside him, his importance is that extract and extract the pure metal What do we call that, concentration of blood? What's up, it's fun, it's simple, it's easy No problem, go ahead, go ahead It's simple, everything is going smoothly for someone No problem, it's absolutely basic. We talked about basic things and it was good. You understand the thing and I am telling you I I will say it again, this is the one of the most Chapter of Yours Chemistry is the easiest subject in science. And this is the thing you have to remember the most. I am saying it again much easier than most It's much easier to remember this thing, let's go now. Talking about Extraction of Metal watch what does extraction of metal mean Metal should be axed now once my Let me tell you this, first of all the screen will show you Whether this screen is visible or not Is it visible or not? It is a little visible. turn down the brightness turn down the brightness What can make you more visible, tell me quickly. Let me turn down the brightness a bit for a minute. Now it's okay, yes now it's okay brother, let's go now see now look me and and and concentrate Now look, now look, I have another one I have one more now what do I do this side this side I have to extract the metal from this vessel and Remove all the impurities that you have. And this table is for your entire The most important table of the chapter is The question will come up like I told you one. I am telling you one more with hydroxide. Questions on both of these are bound to come up in this chapter. It is a sure thing that I see for some time Come on, look, there is another one, now what's inside that one? It could be either a metal whose Katrina's reactivity is very high I have asked for a car, right, the one with potassium sodium, yes okay and there might be one whose medium There is reactivity as one might say like magnesium we can say its All of them have medium reactivity and one Our metals with low reactivity are very whose copper etc. which have very little There are three types of reactivity If so, first of all, if I talk I'm doing V high reactivity so their The process is very simple electrolyte of low reactivity such Metals that have very low reactivity How to act, look at those metals which Papyo exists, right? I don't know whose it is. 90 But chances are there is irritation with those metals. That is sulphide and means with metal Sulfur particles are attached to particles are connected and if I Talking Metal with Medium Reactivity so there are two types with it The particles are connected, one is sulphide and the other is So sulfide and other Remember the carbonate's co3 minus carbonate or what will happen to us Will it be carbonate or sulphide inside it? There will always be sulphide, okay, you understand, now look. Let's talk if I have a sulfide resin I have to remove that sulphide substance. I have to remove it and do al so what should I do I will do it, is there a process called roasting? Hey, not that roasting which is prevalent these days. I do Carry Mina Vagar and I don't do it. We will do ours some other time, okay, sit down. I will organize a gathering in which I will roast Should I do it, yes if I do this also then that would be a different thing. It is a different process than roasting Inside roasting we have to roast it Heat carefully in the presence of oxygen. Understanding carefully what is involved in roasting Note that roasting is such a thing It is a process by which we get oxygen heat the ore in the presence and heat What happens is that the sulfur is removed It is combined with oxygen and your The metal comes out and after that What do refinishers do with metal? Heat it and then refine it, now see the matter Let's do the middle series, now see if If there is sulphide then there is sulphide and then there is only one There will be roasting, there will be roasting, okay It is obvious that there will be roasting, brother. What will you do after roasting? After that we will do reduction of metal and Then Refinishive If there is, I do the calkin calkin Now what is calc, first of all we Let us understand the difference between roasting and In Calkins Watch the roasting Calc now brother is very simple and very same Roasting is also heating Roasting is also heating This is the symbol of heating, roasting. is also heating and calcin is also heating but Oxygen Presence Inside Butt Roasting It means heat in the presence of oxygen Let's do the butt calculations inside the no oxygen We have to remember that this is the present. Just a little difference, just a little difference Roasting is used for sulphide ores And what is your carbonate ore used for? It happens, Calkin, how will brother remember now? It's very simple, see what comes in sulphide. is sulfur comes in s and what in carbonate If CO3 comes, then whoever already has it Does it have oxygen? Does it need oxygen? It will not fall, it means calcin co3 You understand that it will be in the one and if roasting is this what is sulfide so in sulfide If there is oxygen or not then it is obvious He's going to need oxygen, okay? If it is clear then make this table quickly. So far it is clear to you. will be Refinishive You talk about electroline. electrolyte if my too highly If it is a reactive metal then there is no way to extract it. The process is very simple, it is Our How electrolysis occurs Let's talk about this electrolyte. one minute No, this is electrolyte, now look. How to do electrolysis inside Like, let's take a small example. Let's take some example, what should be taken? I took the example, the example Anodes are the rods which These are positive in nature positive and your cathode is these negative In nature it is fine and whatever your solution is The solution is inside why here because this is the cathode and What is the cathode and what is the negative cathode? If there is negative charge then na0 is He will run here and whatever is there will be here. But what will happen if he runs away? He gets separated from me. If S gets separated then your cathode will Your sodium will come up, this will be your chlorine. So this process is called electrosynthesis. Telling whose solution it is I told you that there is more sulphur, so look at this. what is this my mercury what is this my Mercury what is this Mercury this Mercury It is becoming sulphide, I gave it oxygen Diya with heat with heat so see what happened what happened h became oxide and so2 SO2 has been released, now what should I do? I will do this hgoals.in and edge element will be separated then Edge came out and O2 came out so it was My mercury extraction is fine now. Next, let's talk about copper also. For example, what are we doing in copper? Look, there was copper sulphide, what did you do with it? Roasting Curry What happens by roasting Copper oxide was formed and then that copper What did I do with the oxide? Copper again. reacted with sulphide to give Copper came out and what did sulph become? SO2 gas was released, remember one thing copper The reaction is too much It is important that you remember this reaction. I have to keep it at any cost, I know Why because the second reaction inside it It's with cu2s and the kids forget it. yes okay okay is done note One minute, not just one minute Okay, great, let's move on to this. It's clear now let's see what's next. Refinishive The metal is not that pure, friend. I want exactly 24 carat gold No, I should definitely be like that. Exactly what I will do now, see now electrolyte refinisher I have taken the solution of battery, now what should I do? Now what Whatever influence it has, it will be whatever it is worth. There is an impor particle, it will fall down. and the pure particle will be on this They will start coming to this They will start coming to this But this copper was there, but the copper of this Pure particles will start coming towards it and Whatever happens, it will get thicker. It will become thicker and the pore particles They're going to start going down here like this Will it settle here or what if it does settle? The pure particles have come here. At the cathode and the impurities came down okay and the important particles that we had We have named it anode mud, it is fine. Just a minute, she's back, maybe she's closed. No problem, we named it. anode mud okay let me put this thing back Let me explain in just a minute. Let me explain it again in a minute. Yes, so now it will be clearly visible. Look what we were talking about, brother. system and it's refined That brother, we have taken pure water inside one rod. We took it inside one, we took the import. Solution This solution is too much What is important is our copper sulphate. What you have to remember is copper sulphate took the solution and what happened after that Brother, the pure particles came on this Went and our Empor brothers went down If the anode mud gets into the It is simple, we call it anode mud and this What happens is that we become fatter and What does this become of ours, a pure copper Rod so this process is refinishing If I select an element with a lower reactivity I am talking about what for The process was first carried out in which sulphide It was sulphide and how was it removed? What do we do after roasting? were his Refinishing Metal of Medium Reactivity Metal of Low Reactivity Very Important Table end question has come up many times, I mean I I told you that questions will definitely come on this. It is certain that a question will definitely come on the other side. We know the topics on which we have questions. comes and if you still aren't reading He is very stupid, isn't he? Brother, we will not do such stupidity. If you study such stupidity from Prashant Bhaiya then I trust you won't do that much. But don't break the trust, okay, move ahead. So let's talk about rusting of iron Like I showed you in the beginning. There was a road brother, due to which I grew my body. I was making it and it got rusted, so its There is no experiment in NCERT in which But the question may arise about coming this year. I think the chances are less because last year If it has come then this year there will probably be no question about it. Come on, but still there is one important thing, see. There is an experiment in NCERT regarding this. What's inside that makes an iron nail a nail It happens that you must be putting nails in the house, right? If you have ever hit a nail with a hammer, then the nail is No, put it inside a beaker first. What did you do that the beaker was inside Look carefully at what we're doing Pouring half of the water into the beaker Poured water up to here and above it there is air inside it If it is air then you should keep that nail for a few days. kept inside that water so you know what What happened was that the iron rusted and turned yellow. Pala Color Brown Brown Color Substance ah what we call rusting okay but Now what to do, the second thing I did was to Dip the nail completely under water and The water is blocked by a layer of oil on top. What oil did you put, look, you know what The oil that is there is in the air inside the water. It won't let it come in if there is oil on top, right? If there is oil on top, air will not come in. If it doesn't come then there is nothing inside and We left that nail in for a long time. and when we took it out we found out That brother, there was no rusting, there was rusting If it did not happen then one thing has been proved by this that if There is only water, only water, so only water Rusting cannot happen now see the case What did we do inside? We did it inside the case. We did not take water, we did not take water What did you do, brother, I put air, put air and Below we put what we did. Calcium Chloride Calcium Chloride Given We found a solution and found an answer to this. Rusting Can Only Happen When There Is Water Plus air, if there is only air, there will be no If there is only water then it will not happen because it The question came last year that resting Can Only Happen Due to Air and Water Both Prove it, how was it to be proved? I had to explain the experiment to you if you If you had read the experiment, you would have seen it in All four of your four numbers come out perfect. Question number four comes up. Direct is fine, chances of coming this year are less. But if you can come, I will give you the full I have told you the reaction, remember this is what happens. calcium chloride But whatever happens seems black and this You must have seen your father in your house. Mummy must be wearing a silver ring I have seen a black coating form on it. Why does it sometimes get a black coating? Hoti Hai Due To This Black Colour substance comes whenever what is your sulfur reacts to it and it becomes its own So all three reactions are important for corrosion. You should understand that there are three reactions. I am not saying this, I remember it by heart. Do it otherwise you should understand that water lag It is running and it is using water and o2 Inside it there is water and co2 and inside it there is a sulfur okay let's talk next But now look, if there is corrosion then there is prevention too. What is prevention, now see inside it who talks about prevention Yes, that is a very complicated prevention. It is not like that, the first point is very simple. that brother painting oiling Grecium is a painting, Grecium, what is this? It happens brother, this is very simple, just paint it. I have colored it, this is not something we Let's talk about big things like that the galvanometer Galvanization is a process in which we process iron Understanding the above carefully Thin over Iron Whose zinc coating will be applied? Will apply zinc coating over iron We call that process of zinc Calve Chrome Plating What is Chrome Plating There is a technique in which we electro plating I just mentioned plating like electro Refile is fine, what do you do with a thin layer of Chromium Chromium is a metal Chromium is an element, okay, this The thing we'll remember about chromium is that we've Let's coat this thing on top of it will remember chrome plating chrome chromium If you remember, there will be no problem brother. Let's move on to the next point. Now these kids forget about anodizing. What is anodizing, now let's look at it. Let me explain one way to remember the anode. anode anode anode anode cathode remembered anode Where will the cathodes be used? electrolysis is happening now watch it Know what anodizing is, explain it I am inside it, we do the same thing, beaker Let's take it and put these two rods inside it. It's the same process, meaning all the same things. Installed two batteries and put a rod but Anodizing is only for aluminum This is what we need for aluminum Remember that aluminum is being This is what is happening for the Elements What happens is clear, it is the same The process is as we know it electrolyte Refile comes more inside NCERT If we have not given it to him then we are not much You will read it but understand this much about anodizing. What happens is that during electroline process What can we do with the aluminum we have through We are saving him, aren't we? What is plating of aluminum? We are remembering this thing by typing Now look at the next point which was the previous point. That is allowing, now what is allowing? The most used method, if I may say so Which method is considered the most popular within the industry? If it is being used a lot then look at home. Painting is gracious and the industry Aloin is used internally. What is Aloin? Have you seen steel, steel is the same thing. Hey look what happens, it is a very good Method of improving the properties of the Metal corrosion can also be reduced meaning Nothing happens, steel is made, how is that? Any alloy is made in the process of Let's mix it, let's mix the iron with different elements from that What happens is that the element does not change Its properties change and it becomes alloy. What happens to the alloy if If I say it in definition then it is a mixture Of to substance is what it is, rhythm is one mixed with different substances to that a new element comes into being and that new The properties of an element are such that That he doesn't react at all, he's rusty If he had not done it, there would have been no corrosion. Remember what alloy is in alloying? What we do with the help of properties only replace an element with a metal So that he would not only be a crore but also The point is clear, tell someone quickly. Doubt once I check the chat section Just a minute, I'll quickly tell someone. If you have any problem or any doubt, contact us now ask take it quickly quickly quickly fast good good good good Anyone has any doubt is anodizing, my friend, anodizing, which happens It is used for L articles, meaning It is basically used for aluminium only. okay well inside it good one thing I didn't tell you about the inside of anodizing. The liquid that is inside it It is not a normal liquid, it is h2so is the liquid of h2so ok hso4 I understood the liquid thing, I understood the thing Anodizing liquid of hso4 inside It has been noted that anyone has any problem. If you have any doubt, ask immediately. Anyone will take any problem to anyone Too doubt yes ji okay one more thing and I will tell you Let me tell you the example of Aloin which you You say that steel, look, steel is Example of Anang How steel is made when What do I add to the run when we have iron? I mix carbon to iron and carbon If I combine it, what will be made is steel now? Steel is an element whose properties It is very different, it is very different from all others. What is this brother, it cannot be a crore. Isn't it possible to rest in this, nothing else? If yes, then this is a wonderful thing, this example You will remember whose example this is Aloin's okay, let us know through examples. Or is it clear, tell me the level of enthusiasm What enthusiasm, brother, the enthusiasm is giving me strength. I am feeling and enjoying saying that brother, one Give me another hour to read, I will read it. Dude is one Motivation is one thing and hard work is another. Motivation lasts for a few days but if You are that, it came from inside you That brother, I have to do it brother, motivation has gone to hell. Gotta work, gotta work, gotta work You do it comfortably, you have to study, you have to study Remember this, some time is left now, only a little time. All that's left is your board exam. I know that friend, this situation is such a situation There is something in which we get very confused. Yes, we feel like this, brother. Like I told you the story, that story People may be talking but you have to stay focused You have to understand this much, there is one thing that today you You will write it in the comment, right? There is one thing I would request all of you to Please write in the comments what it is. Understand carefully and write this in the comment. that this is the exam, this is the exam This is going to be the best exam of my life. Write it in Hindi, write it in English I don't know, but this statement Everyone must be writing this statement today. within the section and with this our The chapter is over, first of all go live. Quickly tell your enthusiasm level in chat And everyone will comment on this, this is my exam. Life's best 10th board my life I am telling you that this will be the best exam. I am here, whether you believe me or not I'm sure it's okay and if you like it So I just tell you that I I don't charge money, I'm never free I give resources, I give everything for free Am Never charge any money, just if you If you want to support then subscribe to this channel other than that you can do we have to learn we have to learn we have to learn Have to learn and crack it on the day of exam I have to break it, I have to break it, I have to break this one This thing should be on from inside This note thank you everyone after this What to do, need to read NCERT No, the notes must be handwritten. You will get this PDF by the way on Telegram What else is there inside it? Solve the question practice booklet If you can, but before that what is PY The booklet is a previous year question booklet. Chapter wise inside it maybe You will have 40-50 questions from that one chapter. Take a look at it, take a look at it once if you Just read this chapter and you can go to previous year. You will see all your previous year's solved questions. will happen and you will believe that Prashant taught that he is enough, he is enough Take a look and then ask questions Do the practice booklet, there is assurance in it Reasoning MCQ Based Questions Case Base You will get questions that you will not get any The book does not provide booklets for free Made it free I will continue to do the same work, thank you. Everyone my name is Prashant see you On to the next lecture and with the same enthusiasm And let's take care bye bye