Lecture Notes: Digestive Structures and Organs on Female Torso Model

Liver

• Lobes:
  • Left lobe (smaller)
  • Right lobe
• Falciform Ligament: White line separating left and right lobes
• Gallbladder: Tip visible

Stomach

• Visible Aspects:
  • Greater curvature
  • Cardia region
  • Fundus region
  • Body
  • Pylorus region
  • Internal structures:
    • Lower esophageal sphincter (Cardiac sphincter)
    • Pyloric sphincter
    • Gastric folds (Rugae)

Spleen

• Visible on the model

Intestines

Large Intestine

• Structure:
  • Cecum
  • Ascending colon
  • Transverse colon
  • Descending colon
  • Sigmoid colon (seen on reverse view)
• Flexures:
  • Right colic flexure (Hepatic flexure)
  • Left colic flexure (Splenic flexure)
• Features:
  • Teniae coli: Line along the middle
  • Haustra: Muscular folds around teniae coli

Small Intestine

• Sections:
  • Jejunum (beneath greater omentum)
  • Ileum
• Ileocecal Valve: Connection point between ileum and large intestine

Greater Omentum

• Yellow colored, covering part of the small intestine

Pancreas

• Ducts:
  • Main pancreatic duct
  • Accessory pancreatic duct

Biliary Apparatus

• Ducts:
  • Left and right hepatic ducts merge to form the common hepatic duct
  • Common hepatic duct and cystic duct merge to form common bile duct
• Common Bile Duct: Visible running through liver

Additional Structures

• Duodenum: Small portion visible
• Hepatopancreatic Sphincter (Sphincter of Oddi): Visible
• Vessels:
  • Hepatic artery proper
  • Hepatic portal vein

Inferior Surface of the Liver

• Lobes:
  • Quadrate lobe
  • Caudate lobe
• Inferior Vena Cava: Visible
• Round Ligament: Visible

These notes provide an overview of the key structures observed in a female torso model focusing on the digestive system, capturing the main points and details discussed in the lecture.