Lecture Notes: Basic French Expressions and Numbers

Introduction to Learning French

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• Series Title: "Basic French Expressions" aims to teach basic French expressions in a super-easy, 3-minute format.

Introducing Yourself in French

Informal Introduction

• "Salut, je m'appelle [Name], enchanté de te rencontrer."
  • Salut: informal greeting meaning "hi" or "hello".
  • Je m'appelle: "My name is..."
  • Enchanté de te rencontrer: "Nice to meet you."

Formal Introduction

• "Bonjour, je m'appelle [Full Name], je suis enchanté de vous rencontrer."
  • Bonjour: formal greeting meaning "good day".
  • Full Name: Use full name in formal settings.
  • Vous: Formal version of "you".

Ingrid's Insights

• Good habit to shake hands in France.
• If unsure about formality, use "Enchanté de vous rencontrer".

Expressing Gratitude

Basic Thank You

• Merci: "Thank you."

More Formal Thank You

• Je vous remercie: "I give thanks to you."
  • Je: "I"
  • Vous: Formal "you"
  • Remercie: "Give thanks"

Responses to Thank You

• De rien: "It’s nothing" or "You’re welcome."
• Je vous en prie: "I beg you to do it" or polite "You’re welcome."

Ingrid's Insights

• Merci is versatile; can be used in most situations.

Common Greetings

Informal Greetings

• Salut: Used for "hi", "hello", or "goodbye" with friends/family.

Formal Greetings

• Bonjour: "Good day"; used from morning until evening.
• Bonsoir: "Good evening"; used during the evening.

Goodbye

• Au revoir: "Goodbye," used when leaving a formal situation.
• À bientôt: "See you soon," formal/informal.

Ingrid's Insights

• French people greet by shaking hands or kissing on both cheeks with close friends.

Asking if Someone Speaks English

Informal

• Est-ce que tu parles anglais?
  • Est-ce que: introduces a question.
  • Tu parles: "You speak" (informal)
  • Anglais: "English"

Formal

• Est-ce que vous parlez anglais?
  • Vous parlez: "You speak" (formal)

Responses

• Oui: "Yes"
• Non: "No"
• Non, je ne parle pas anglais: "No, I don’t speak English."

Ingrid's Insights

• Adapt question for other languages.

Apologizing in French

Formal Apology

• Excusez-moi: "Excuse me" for formal situations.

Informal Apology

• Excuse-moi: "Excuse me" for informal situations.
• Pardon: "Forgive me," used casually.

Expressing Regret

• Je suis désolé(e): "I am sorry," formal/informal.

Ingrid's Insights

• Use excusez-moi or pardon for minor bumps.

Counting in French

Numbers 1 to 10

• Un, Deux, Trois, Quatre, Cinq, Six, Sept, Huit, Neuf, Dix

Numbers 11 to 19

• Onze, Douze, Treize, Quatorze, Quinze, Seize, Dix-sept, Dix-huit, Dix-neuf

Tens

• Vingt, Trente, Quarante, Cinquante, Soixante, Soixante-dix (60+10), Quatre-vingts (4*20), Quatre-vingt-dix (80+10)

Forming Compound Numbers

• Combine tens with units (e.g., 21 = vingt-et-un).

Ingrid's Insights

• Understand numbers for practical use such as in post offices or when shopping.

Shopping in French

Asking for Prices

• Ça coûte combien?: "How much is it?"
• Use ce for masculine and cette for feminine nouns.

Example Sentences

• Excusez-moi, combien coûte ce chapeau?: "Excuse me, how much is this hat?"
• Excusez-moi, combien coûte cette jupe?: "Excuse me, how much is this skirt?"

Quick Inquiry

• C’est combien?: "How much is it?"

• Use mon numéro est for sharing phone numbers.

This summary captures all the key points and vocabulary lessons from the transcript provided, organized for easy review and study.