Arrival of Western Powers

Factors for the Arrival of Western Powers to Our Country

16th Century

• The Spanish became the main rivals as colonial powers.
• Spain became a dominant power in Europe with its colonial wealth.
• It was the golden age for Portugal and Spain.

17th Century

• The rise of Western powers as colonial powers.
• Main objective: to seize wealth and overseas colonies.
• The Malay world became a target for spice resources.

Arrival of Western Powers in the 16th and 17th Centuries

• Western powers arrived in the Malay world for trade and spice domination purposes.

Industrial Revolution

• Occurred in Britain in the 17th century and in other European countries in the 18th century.
• Following the revolution, Western powers altered their policies.
• The need to find trading centers and colonies for raw materials.
• Industrialization enabled mass production of goods.
• A wider market area was needed for marketing goods.

Arrival of Western Powers in the 19th and 20th Centuries

• Influence of the Industrial Revolution:
  • Western powers sought new colonies for raw materials and markets.

Related Topics

• Competition among Western powers for colonies.
• Strategies of Western powers to control our country.
• Stability and prosperity of our country.
• Expansion of British power in Penang, Singapore, and Malacca.
• The London Treaty of 1824 and its effects on the Malay world.
• The formation of the Straits Settlements and its administration.
• The wealth of natural resources in Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, and Pahang.
• Expansion of British power in Perak, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, and Pahang.
• Formation of the Federated Malay States.

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