Criminology Lecture Notes: Norms, Moral Codes, and Values

Overview

• Focus on Unit 2: Criminological Theories for WJEC Level 3 Criminology
• Assessment Criteria 1.1: Understanding Norms, Moral Codes, and Values
• Key Objective: Explain the difference between criminal and deviant behavior

Norms

• Definition: Specific rules or expectations for socially acceptable behavior
• Characteristics: Vary by social context, age, gender, ethnicity, cultural background, religious beliefs
• Examples:
  • Social Location: Dress codes vary by setting (school, work, etc.) and time of day
  • Behavioral Expectations:
    • Quiet in libraries/doctors' waiting rooms
    • Different behaviors accepted at parties, concerts, sports events
  • Age and Gender: Norms shift with age (e.g., playing in a park)

Moral Codes

• Definition: Code of ethics advising how to act in certain situations
• Association: Linked with social institutions (education, government, criminal justice)
• Examples:
  • Healthcare workers maintain patient confidentiality
  • Teachers conduct themselves professionally
  • Police and criminal justice system treat individuals equally, assume innocence until proven guilty

Values

• Definition: More universal beliefs about what is right in society
• Relation to Norms: Often reflect norms and change with social attitudes
• Examples of Values:
  • Meritocracy: Hard work is rewarded
  • Protecting children’s innocence
  • Equality and respect for all, regardless of social characteristics
• Importance: Not all individuals display these values, leading to deviance

Conclusion

• Understanding norms, moral codes, and values are crucial for differentiating between criminal and deviant behavior.
• Values and norms are dynamic and may lead to social changes.

These notes encapsulate the key points from the criminology video on norms, moral codes, and values. Understanding these elements is essential for criminological studies and for differentiating between criminal and deviant behaviors.