Overview
This guide explains Response to Intervention (RTI), its purpose in education, essential components, parent rights under IDEA, and questions parents should ask to ensure effective support for their children.
Introduction to RTI
- RTI stands for Response to Intervention, introduced in IDEA 2004 to improve instruction for all students.
- RTI aims to catch struggling students early, prevent unnecessary special education referrals, and promote high quality instruction for all.
Key Components of RTI
- School-wide screening identifies at-risk students early.
- Continuous progress monitoring tracks if interventions are effective for each student.
- Fidelity ensures programs and curricula are used as intended.
- Procedural safeguards protect parent rights and involvement.
RTI Structure and Tiers
- RTI is typically delivered in three tiers, each offering increasing levels of targeted support.
- Transition between tiers and time spent is determined by state and local policy, not federal law.
What RTI Is and Is Not
- RTI is a process of scientific, research-based intervention, not classroom seating, modified assignments, or traditional disciplinary actions.
- RTI does not mean doing more of the same instruction if a student is not progressing.
RTI and IDEA Requirements
- States must allow RTI as part of identifying specific learning disabilities (SLD), not relying solely on discrepancy models.
- Parent notification and involvement are required at all stages of RTI.
- Parents can request a comprehensive evaluation at any time during the RTI process.
- Schools cannot use RTI to delay or deny an evaluation for special education eligibility.
Concerns and Safeguards in RTI
- Inadequate instruction can sometimes be mistaken for a learning disability.
- Federal guidelines require schools to document interventions, data collected, and parental notifications.
- Every team member must certify their agreement with RTI evaluation findings.
Parent Guidance and Questions
- Parents should ask about the number of RTI tiers, duration in each tier, instructional strategies, and how progress is measured.
- Inquire about the research basis of interventions and the frequency/results of progress monitoring.
- Ask when a referral for formal evaluation will occur if progress is insufficient.
The Bottom Line
- RTI can improve support for all students if implemented correctly, but misuse may prevent access to special education.
- Parents must stay informed, ask questions, and keep documentation.
Key Terms & Definitions
- RTI (Response to Intervention) — A multi-tiered system of early intervention to address student learning and behavior needs.
- IDEA — Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, U.S. law ensuring services to children with disabilities.
- SLD (Specific Learning Disability) — A disability affecting specific academic skills, such as reading or math.
- Fidelity — Implementing instructional strategies and interventions as designed.
- Progress Monitoring — Regular assessment of a student's academic performance to guide instruction.
Action Items / Next Steps
- Review your school's RTI model and tier structure.
- Prepare questions to ask teachers and administrators about your child's interventions.
- Document all communications and interventions related to your child's progress.
- Stay informed about your rights and the evaluation process under IDEA.