Early Australian Colony and First Nations Peoples

Initial Interaction

• First Nations peoples initially accepted the settlers.
• Change occurred when settlers did not leave and claimed more land.

Impact of Settlers

• Land was cleared and fenced for crops and livestock (cattle and sheep).
• Native animals were displaced, affecting the First Nations peoples' hunting.
• Fences restricted access to traditional lands.
• Some First Nations peoples resorted to killing settlers' livestock, leading to conflicts.

Pemulwuy: First Nations Resistance Leader

Background

• Born in 1750, a Bidjigal man from Botany Bay, Sydney, NSW.
• Name "Pemulwuy" derived from "Pemul," meaning "Earth" in Darug language.

Resistance and Conflict

• Led attacks against British settlers (1788-1802).
• Actions included spearing cattle, burning huts, destroying crops.
• Speared John McIntyre in 1790, making him a wanted man.
• Survived being shot multiple times in a battle at Parramatta (1797).

Demise

• In 1802, Pemulwuy was shot and killed.
• His head sent to Sir Joseph Banks in England, believed to be kept at the Natural History Museum, London.
• Efforts to repatriate his skull have been unsuccessful.

Legacy

• Remembered as the original First Nations resistance leader.
• Sydney suburb named "Pemulwuy" in his honour.
• In 2015, the National Museum of Australia unveiled a plaque honoring his role.

Additional Information

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