Lecture on Cold-Induced Hives (Cold-Induced Urticaria)

Overview

• Definition: Cold-induced hives or urticaria is a chronic condition characterized by hives and potentially swelling when exposed to cold temperatures.
• Trigger: Typically occurs when exposed to temperatures below 57 degrees Fahrenheit.

Cause

• Mast Cell Activation: The exact cause is unknown.
  • Histamine release due to cold exposure.
  • Blood vessels in the skin open up, causing fluid leakage, redness, and intense itching.

Symptoms

• Common Symptoms:
  • Hives on the skin.
  • Intense itching.
  • Redness around affected areas.
• Severe Symptoms:
  • Swelling around the neck, potentially life-threatening.
  • Difficulty in breathing in severe cases.

Treatment and Management

• Avoidance: Primary strategy involves avoiding cold temperatures.
  • Wear warm clothing when outside.
  • Use a wetsuit for swimming in cold water.
• Medications:
  • Regular use of antihistamines to block histamine effects.
  • Other medications may be prescribed as needed.
• Emergency Measures:
  • Prescription of epinephrine for potential severe swelling, especially around the neck.

Prognosis

• Outgrowing the Condition:
  • Approximately 50% of affected individuals outgrow the condition within 5 to 6 years of diagnosis.

Additional Notes

• Location-Specific Treatment: In colder areas, prescriptions for epinephrine are more common due to increased risk of exposure.

Follow-Up: Follow the speaker for more information on the topic.