Docker Course Overview and Fundamentals

Learn the fundamentals of Docker and gain hands-on experience with Docker containers, including installation, commands, Docker Compose, and more.

Course Structure

• Theoretical Explanations: Animated explanations for better understanding.
• Hands-on Demos: Practical exercises to follow along.
• Topics Covered:
  • Basics of Docker
  • Differences from Virtual Machines
  • Installing Docker
  • Main commands for starting, stopping, and debugging containers
  • Practical workflow with a demo project
  • Using Docker Compose for multi-container applications
  • Building Docker images with Dockerfile
  • Pushing images to private Docker repositories (e.g., AWS)
  • Deploying containerized applications
  • Data persistence with Docker volumes

Basics of Docker

• What is Docker?
  • Platform for packaging applications with their dependencies
  • Ensures portability across different environments
• Problems Solved by Docker
  • Avoids installation conflicts on different systems
  • Simplifies deployment process

Differences Between Docker and Virtual Machines

• Docker: Virtualizes the application layer, using host's OS kernel.
• Virtual Machines: Virtualizes entire OS, system, and kernel.
• Pros of Docker:
  • Smaller image size
  • Faster start-up
  • Portability issues on OS older versions (workaround: Docker Toolbox)

Installation

• General Steps: Installation steps vary based on OS (Mac, Windows, Linux).
• Requirements: Must meet system and OS-specific requirements, e.g., virtualization enabled for Windows.
• Special Case: Docker Toolbox for older systems not supporting native Docker.
• Command Line Interface (CLI): Docker installed with CLI for running Docker commands.

Docker Commands

• Basic Commands:
  • docker pull <image>: Pulls an image from Docker Hub.
  • docker run <image>: Runs the container.
  • docker ps: Lists running containers.
  • docker stop <container_id> & docker start <container_id>: Stops/starts a container.
  • docker logs <container_id>: Fetches logs of a running container.
  • docker exec -it <container_id> <command>: Executes commands within a container.
• Network Configuration: Docker provides default virtual networks for containers.
• Port Binding: Map host ports to container ports for accessing applications.

Docker Compose

• Purpose: Simplifies running multiple containers.
• File Structure: Defines services, images, ports, and networks in a YAML file.
• Common Commands:
  • docker-compose up: Starts all containers defined in the compose file.
  • docker-compose down: Stops and removes containers.

Building Docker Images

• Dockerfile: Blueprint for creating Docker images.
• Structure:
  • FROM <base_image>: Specifies base image.
  • RUN <command>: Executes a command inside the container during the build process.
  • COPY <source> <destination>: Copies files from host to container.
  • `CMD [