Transcript for:
Finding Meaning and Purpose in Life

In this video we're going to talk about bank  robberies, rabbit-heart studies, and snorkeling.   Now, if you were to ask most people what they want  from life, the average answer you would get is, "I   just want to be happy." Or if you would ask most  people what they want for their kids, you might   get two answers, like, "Oh, I just want them to be  happy" or "I just want them to be successful so that   they can be happy." We are drowning in a culture  of happiness. 4,000 books a year are written   on happiness. Google searches for happiness have  exponentially increased. Products promise happiness.   Food commercials promise happiness. And happiness  is extolled as the highest virtue. But here's an   interesting thing: what if I could promise you  that I could create a tank, an amazing tank that   you could program to feel any experience in the  entire world? Pleasure, success, anything you dream   of. And this experience would feel 100% real.  Inside the tank you could be the world's best   athlete, an Olympic gold medalist, a World Cup  champion. You could be the world's bestselling   author. You could be the sexiest man alive or the  most adventurous explorer. And while you were in   the tank it would feel 100% real. You would feel  happy. You would only have to leave that tank   briefly to go change up your experience, and then  you could go right back in. So would you choose   this life for yourself? Would you choose this life  for your kids? So even though the vast majority of   people would say that happiness is their goal, when  presented with the option to experience decades   of happiness in the tank most people would reject  the tank because deep down they know that there's   something much more valuable: a life with purpose,  with meaning, with authenticity. We are all drowning   in cultural messages that promise that happiness  is the ultimate goal. But the crazy thing is that   mountains of research show that trying to feel  happy backfires. It actually makes people more   miserable. The pursuit of pleasure, of delicious  food or sumptuous art or sex or travel or wealth   might make people feel happier in the short term  but leaves people empty in the long run. Chasing   happiness actually strangles happiness. And that's  the weird paradox of emotions: the more we focus on   them, the more it backfires. Like you've probably  thought, at one point or another you've probably   thought, "If I just didn't feel anxiety or if I just  didn't feel depression, my life would be so much   better." But but what if it was that thought that  striving for feeling good that's actually what's   strangling your ability to find real fulfillment  in life? So if I'm saying striving for happiness   maybe isn't the most effective approach, like  what's the alternative? What do we strive for   if not happiness? Well, I say purpose and meaning.  But we are starving for purpose and meaning as   as more people move away from religion, as more  people become more isolated and lonely, as work-ism   takes a higher role in people's values, as people  get greater education and higher wealth, more and   more people feel that life is empty, hopeless, or  aimless. Nearly a quarter of Americans report that   they have no meaning in their life. So in this  video you'll learn how to run toward the life   that you truly desire, a life that is rich and  meaningful and full of goodness and purpose. We   will discuss four ways to do this with practical  steps you can take so that when you look back on   your life you are pleased with what you've done  with it and you feel fulfilled along the way. [Music] Okay. This video is number 29 from my 30-  part series on how to break the anxiety cycle.   Now, you may be taking this course or watching  this YouTube video in the hopes to make anxiety   go away to stop feeling bad, to start feeling good -  which, by the way, is a subtle form of hedonism. And   while I am confident that you can decrease your  anxiety, it's going to be a little bit paradoxical,   because pursuing the meaningful life that you  yearn for will be way more powerful than trying   to not feel anxious. Nietchze said, "He who has a why can  endure any how." A meaningful life makes discomfort   purposeful. Um let me give you another example  from the book The Power of Meaning. And just so   you guys know, this video is a summary of that  book, The Power of Meaning. Now, most people would   say that reading the tabloids gives them a sense  of pleasure and caring for a sick relative is   stressful, more stressful and kind of unpleasant.  But if you ask most people to choose between   dedicating years of your life to reading tabloids  or caring for a relative, they would agree that   caring for a relative, even though it comes with  more stress, would lead to a better life, a   more fulfilling life. Running from discomfort, even  running towards happiness can often interfere with   actually achieving lasting joy and fulfillment  in life. And living a purposeful life is like   climbing a mountain: it's it's much harder than  coasting downhill. A life of purpose and meaning   is often uncomfortable but absolutely worth it,  and in the long run it leads to greater lasting   joy. But finding meaning is something that most  people don't have know-how to do on their own,   and there's less and less emphasis on this in  education or in society than ever. I am not going   to focus on all of the evidence that shows that  university students are now educated much less in   finding meaning than in making money than in the  past or the studies that show that unhappiness   doesn't correlate with suicide nearly as much  as meaninglessness, but instead we are going to   learn about the four ways to pursue a rich and  meaningful life starting today. Okay. So here is   the first pillar of meaning: it's belonging.  During the 1800s doctors were just beginning to   learn about germ theory, and so in an attempt to  protect infants and children from infections they   forbid the doctors and nurses from interacting  with them. And that ensured that the hospital   environment remained sterile. And they were also  following the advice of popular psychologists, so   they fed these infants on like a time schedule.  They did not comfort them when they cried, and   they just didn't interact with these children  at all. And in the orphanages that followed this   practice rigidly, the mortality rate was like  90 to 100%. Then, on the other hand, they found   that children - even very ill or weak children -  when they were raised by their mothers, even in   dirty conditions, had much better survival rates.  So they began to encourage the nurses to comfort,   to hold, to caress the infants. at Bellevue Hospital in  New York, where this type of care became the norm,   the mortality of infants went from 35% to less  than 10%. In 1938, to thrive it was discovered an   infant needs to be held, walked in someone's arms,  caressed, hugged, and sung to. it is this connection   that helps infants survive and thrive. another  study on the effects of diet on the heart health   of rabbits found that poor diet directly impacted  the buildup of plaque in the hearts of rabbits. so   this is what makes heart attacks more likely in  humans ,that plaque build up in your hearts. but   they were looking at the results of their study,  and they found something like really interesting.   so when they compared these two groups with the  exact same feed, the exact same cages, the exact   same physical environment, they found that one  group had 60% less plaque buildup than the other.   so the researchers were confused. They were like,  "What could account for this difference?" And they   worked hard to figure it out, because one group  was way healthier but they were eating the same   food. And as they compared every aspect of the  rabbit's environment, they found that the   only difference was that the researcher in charge  of the healthier rabbits talked with them, caressed   them, and essentially loved the rabbits. So that  sense of love and connection physically changed   the rabbits. Like these infants and rabbits, we are  all hardwired with a biological and spiritual need   for connection. We yearn to belong to a group, to  be supported, loved, accepted. It's the quality of   our relationships that determines the quality  of our lives. But more people are isolated and   lonely than ever. Recent studies show that one  in three Americans say they don't even have   one close friend. And I've got a longer video  on the effects of loneliness on your physical   health, but in this video we're taking a positive  approach, so we're talking about belonging. It's an   essential aspect of creating a meaningful life.  So belonging is creating relationships where   you care for others and you feel cared for and  you have regular positive or at least neutral   shared experiences. It's using your unique values  and strengths to benefit the world. It's using   them for something that's not just yourself.  Belonging is about fostering connection even   in small moments. It's about choosing to value  others and put the needs of others before your   own. Now, this may sound counterintuitive in our  hyper-individualistic society, but to clarify, I   did not say instead of your own. So in a society  where everyone is focused on themselves, we wither,   but when we make sure to give to others we  all flourish. Find meaning in your own life   by reaching out to others. And and I know when  you feel isolated and lonely it's easy to feel   really helpless about this. So let's talk about a  few easy ways to increase your social connection.   There's this thing I use in therapy which I I  call plus-one interactions. So when you interact   with someone, just add a little. So if someone says  hi, a minus one is like not saying hi back. A zero,   keeping it on the same level, is saying hi. And a  plus-one interaction, saying like, "Hi, how are you?"   adds a little energy to the situation. So in every  situation, just give a tiny bit more energy back   to the person. You could be the one to initiate, to  ask someone about themselves, to offer something   about yourself. Like we can't wait for others to do  this for us. Okay. The next tip I have is like seek   to give. See who you can serve. Um my sister-in-law  recently told me this story um that she moved into   a new neighborhood and she didn't know anyone, and  people seemed kind of distant and uninterested. So   she decided to host a dinner on her front lawn, and  she invited all the neighbors. And she like put up   posters so that people knew they were invited. And  pretty soon a lot of people came, and some of them   who had been living there for years, they didn't  know each other, but everyone seemed happy to talk   and connect and share food. And eventually this  became like a monthly potluck, and the neighborhood   over time grew closer and friendlier. Um  there's there's, like, I just - like it's just a   simple thing, right? "Hey, guys, let's meet on my lawn  one day a month. Bring some food." Um I I saw another   example of this at the farmers' market. So um I saw  this elderly lady, she's in a wheelchair, she's on   oxygen, like clearly she's not very mobile, but  she was making balloon animals for the kids. And   because of that - and she was just giving them out -  she was surrounded by people. Like there were like   30 people around her. And I imagine maybe during  her week she might be lonely and isolated, but, you   know, balloons don't cost that much, so it's like  a cheap way to love and give and interact with   other people. I heard another story: my neighbor's  grandpa, he was in the nursing home, right? He's in   hospice, he's on, you know, his last half year of  life. He went door to door in his nursing home   interviewing and recording life stories from  the other residents. Like he's connecting with   them. He's creating meaning. He's creating history  for the people around him and um and for their   descendants. So it's like a simple way to connect  in a situation where you're like, "Well, I'm trapped in   this nursing home. What can I do?" you know. Um okay.  I saw another story on Instagram about a homebound   person who was volunteering with using an app to  read things for the vision impaired. Um now, I know   like it can be hard to find the energy energy  to initiate these things. But um like one thing   that can be helpful is like just scheduling things  in, like planning a recurring friend date. Or find   a group of like-minded people. Like you can get  involved in a cause, whether it's LARPing or bird   watching or political protests or the PTA. Um and  then the last thing I would say is just strengthen   the relationships you already have. So if you  have an acquaintance, see if you can make them   a friend. And if you have a friend, see if you can  make them a good friend. And if you have a family   member, like make it into a tight family member. I  just have one more story. My grandma and grandpa,   they had this group of friends from college. And  there was 12 of them. And they all got married and   had families and stuff, but once a month they  would have the this dinner party with the 12   of them. And for 50 years they would meet together  monthly. And so they were all friends and involved   in each other's lives. And um I miss that. Like I  wish we had - I think it's harder than ever to do   this, but I know it's possible. Okay. One of the best  ways to feel like you belong is by helping others   feel like they belong. Are you part of a family? Can  you heal something in your family? Um you have a   social group; how can you enhance it? So most of  us have these groups, but the the difference is   just being intentional about creating something  with that. Okay. Pillar number two is purpose. Our   society makes at least four lies about happiness.  Um number one: seek pleasure and avoid pain, which   is basically saying hedonism is the goal. Uh number  two: money and power will buy that. Number three: so   your work is the most important thing about you.  It's the best use of your time and your energy,   and it defines your identity and your success as a  human being. And I call this work-ism. And the fourth   lie is that you can do it alone - individualism. Um  individualism tells you that focusing on what you   want or that being yourself is the path toward  happiness, that it's doing what you love. Um but   instead I think this individualism leads to a  lot of misery. People have found that greater   happiness lies in how to best contribute and even  do your duty. Um I I heard this quote recently that   said, "Your vocation lies where your deep gladness  and the world's great hunger meet." And the fourth   thing - and the fifth thing I would say is like I  I think the lack of um spirituality and religion,   the decline in that is also making people feel  less purpose and meaning. And I understand that   that's tricky. Um for many people religion doesn't  work for them, at least the way they understand it.   So pursue meaning. Pursue a purposeful life in some  way. Um purpose is a far-reaching goal toward which   we are always reaching. It involves a contribution  to the world larger than ourselves. Now, identity   is closely related to purpose. It's an idea of  who you are, where you fit in the world, and how   you contribute to those around you. Knowing your  strengths and talents and using them in your work   leads to a greater sense of meaning. So discover  your unique gifts and how you can employ them to   help others live better lives. A purposeful person  is more concerned with helping others live good   lives. And there's a few ways to do this. Adopting  a service mindset helps people find more meaning   in their work. The most meaningful jobs are rated  as mental health professionals, clergy, and teachers,   people like that. And, you know, whatever job you  have, you can focus a little bit more on helping   and serving the people you work with and for. Uh  you could be the person who makes other people's   lives better. And remember, this doesn't have to  be something huge or public. You don't have to   save the world all at once. Um you could just make  your home a little bit more loving. You could pick   the weeds on your street. You could help your  co-workers feel like you care about them. Um and   for those of you who feel like you haven't found  your calling, it doesn't mean that you can't find   meaning. So in each of the small things we do each  day we can find ways to lift others up. Okay. And   so an important part of finding your purpose is  identifying your values and strengths. What are you   passionate about? What are your true values? How  can you use these for the betterment of others?   Join a cause. Be political. Do a service project.  Find one person to help. You must be the change   you wish to see in the world. Okay. Number three:  storytelling. Here's a story from Counterfactuals.   Let's say you normally go to the bank on Tuesdays,  but this week you go on a Wednesday. There's like   50 people in there. And suddenly a robber comes  in. And the security guard manages to tackle him,   but shots are fired. One ricochets and hits you  in the arm. The robber is taken to jail, and you go   to the hospital with a minor injury. Nobody else  got hurt. Are you lucky or unlucky? How you answer   that depends on all the other things you bring  into the narrative. Nobody else got hurt could   go in two different directions. It could mean, "Oh,  thank goodness. We all made it out of there with   our lives. We are so fortunate or blessed. Or you  could say, "Why me? Why did I have to be the one   who got hurt? Why did I go on a Wednesday? This is  so unfair. I was so unlucky or cursed or I deserve   bad things to happen to me." The way you tell the  story determines how you interpret that situation.   Storytelling is an act of creation. We take the  facts, and we fill in the meaning with our own   interpretation. Um The Moth Radio Hour is a show  where people tell some of the best short stories   I've ever heard. But to get to that point where  they're able to tell that story, they have to go   through a little coaching. So everyone comes to the  producer with um these crazy experiences, but as   they craft their facts into a story they convert  it into meaning. Storytelling is the essence of   finding purpose and beauty and meaning in the  pleasure and the pain and the hero's journey that   we're all on. So as we work through our challenges,  struggles, and pain we are constantly editing and   interpreting our own story. The Moth producer says  that telling a story is like 10 years of therapy.   We order the pieces and we make sense of our  experiences and this brings coherence and helps us   make sense of life. But as we fill in the meaning  into the details of our lives, everyone tells one   of two types of stories: redemption stories or  contamination stories. So effective people tell   redemption stories. This is like rags to riches,  forgiveness, overcoming weakness, finding the good   in negative experiences. They transition from bad  to good. They connect those dots. And they say, "This   is the way that I converted that pain into growth  or healing or doing good in the world." The opposite   of a redemptive story is a contamination story.  These stories end in the bad, regardless of the   good. Um so they might, you know, they might say  something like, "This is the way that my pain   or that person or that situation broke me  and ruined my life." Storytelling is a huge part   of our identity development. Our stories are an  internal narrative about who we are, how we got   that way, and what we did with the challenges we  face. It's an act of creation. We choose the way we   see the story. Storytelling to yourself can help  you gain meaning. Storytelling to other people lets   them know that they're not alone, builds connection,  and helps them find meaning too. So when you tell   your story, what changes inside of you? Like think  about all these people who've written memoirs. Like   something changes as they go through the process  of writing that story. Um also I think storytelling   is the opposite of shame. It's healing and  empowering. So what's the story you're going to   tell about your life? I would say write about the  pivotal moments in your life or the traumatic ones.   Consider the meaning that you take from them. Ask,  "How would my life be different without the pivotal   moments in my life?" Whatever happens, you can ask  yourself, "Where is the good? What did I learn from   that experience?" or "How did it help me gain a depth  of heart or understanding?" Okay. The fourth pillar   is transcendence. In order to have meaning in  life you need to be connected to something greater   than yourself. Purpose is using your talents for  something bigger than yourself. Transcendence is   about getting connected to something bigger than  yourself. It's those moments that take your breath   away, that leave you changed. Let me tell you  some of mine: cross-country skiing on a winter   night alone in the mountains far away from light  pollution, where the stars were brighter than the   darkness. Or climbing up a the challenging  route in the Tetons, flowing uphill through   that rock and the clouds with a skill that I'd  mastered over years with excitement and wonder.   Or kneeling in prayer and feeling encompassed by  God's love. Or another time just being immersed   in Gregorian chants in Jerusalem. In each of these  moments I felt connected to something much bigger,   more real, and more awe-inspiring than myself. The  reason I climb mountains isn't for the view; it's   the way the experience changes me. I don't come  down a mountain the same person as I went up it.   But transcendence isn't always mysterious. Let me  let me tell you a story. One day I was having a   tough day. I felt like lonely and discouraged and  kind of overwhelmed with my family. And I got a   text message from an acquaintance, and it said, "Hey,  Emma. I was just thinking of you. Do you want to go   for a walk and talk?" And this was like the exact  thing that I needed at that time. And this was my   friend Mary. The more I get to know Mary, the more  I'm impressed with her. She believes that God will   inspire her to help others. And every day as part  of her morning routine, like she does meditation   and she'll exercise and she'll do some writing and  she'll do some other things as part of her morning   routine. She has a few minutes dedicated on her  schedule to asking God, "Who can I help today?" And   then she writes down any thoughts that she has or  any names that come to mind. And then she reaches   out to those people, just like she had reached  out to me. And I've seen her help and comfort and   support so many people in our little neighborhood.  Um she was telling me a story the other day of   one time she had this thought to reach out to this  woman. She reached out to her, went to her house. She   found out the woman was like really sick and pale,  so she called an ambulance. And it turns out the   woman's oxygen saturation was super low and that  she needed a heart procedure to save her life. So   that was kind of a big story. But like in hundreds  of ways she makes our community a better place.   And she connects with the divine every day to do  that. So the question here is, how can you create a   system to connect with the divine more regularly?  Buddhists practice kindness, loving kindness both   in meditation but also in their daily interactions  with people who can sometimes be difficult. Um I've   felt transcendence in prayer, scripture study,  and temple attendance but also in nature and   on mountains, uh when I finally learned to center  clay on the pottery wheel and while snorkeling in   the Red Sea. I felt Transcendence while walking  through the slot canyons of Jordan only to turn   a corner and see the treasury. Uh recently I was  up in the middle of the night with my sick baby   who was throwing up, and I remember thinking, "There  is nowhere else I'd rather be." Like I was in flow   in the middle of a very difficult situation. So  I believe we can create these experiences. And   some common themes with transcendence include - we  we can't create these experiences. We can create   the environment where these experiences are more  likely. Um so some common themes include sacrifice,   mastery, service, practice, monotasking,  reflection, and quiet, plus a connection to   nature and other human beings. I believe that  the opposite of transcendence is distraction,   separating ourselves from life, our feelings, and  what we care about. It's keeping busy. It's running   after pleasure instead of depth. So can you develop  a habit of putting yourself into situations where   this happens? Can you develop a mastery that helps  you get in touch with something amazing that   changes you, that helps you connect with something  bigger or higher than yourself? What will this   look like? And I would say, write about this in your  workbook. Okay. So when it comes to building a rich   and fulfilling life, there is no quick fix. There's  no five-minute hack here. It comes down to constantly   refocusing your life on what is most important  to you. So there's four ways to run toward a rich   and meaningful life: belonging, which is foster  real relationships, connect with others, serve   them, invest your time and energy and relationships  and be excellent to each other. Number two: purpose.   Seek to do good in the world, to use your unique  talents to make the world a better place, whether   that's loving your neighbors or inventing a new  technology or creating music that helps people   feel alive. Use your gifts to make your space a  better place. Number three: tell your story. Pay   careful attention to your narrative. Do you tell a  story of gratitude and authenticity and wonder and   overcoming obstacles, or do you tell the story of  being a victim, of hiding your truth, or in shame do   you hide your story? Number four is transcendence.  Connect to something higher, bigger, and brighter   than yourself. You create an intentional system  where transcendent experiences are frequent, not   rare. You live your life seeking beauty and mastery,  even though they come at the cost of discomfort.   As we near the end of this course, I hope you  can drop the struggle with anxiety and instead   run toward the rich and purposeful life that you  care about. And that will include some discomfort,   some stress or anxiety, and that's okay because the  best things are sometimes hard, and it's absolutely   worth it. Okay. Thanks for being here. Appreciate  you all. Proud of the work you're doing. And uh take care. [Music]