sorry I let my last video cut off on me I did when I talked I spoke too long about this so I was in the middle of talking about how it goes were visible so we know that we could how we see things that light bounces off of objects because they're made of atoms and photons bounce back into our eyes and that's what it means to see something but if these ghosts if these spirits aren't made of atoms which if they're made of atoms we can touch them we can catch them we can cool them we can throw them up and down if they're not made of atoms it doesn't make any sense how we see them what is the process of light bouncing off of those we could shoot something if it if it was made of atoms we could affect it we could cut it up we could divide it up and in fact if they weren't made of atoms and they would fall right through the floor right how could they be solid and then if they are made of atoms they don't do a lot of it they wouldn't be able to do a lot of the things that we that people say that they see ghosts do like pass through furniture pass through people passing walls so they don't want them to really be made of atoms because then they would have to follow the rules of what physics says about atoms and so they have to be something different but if we start positing that there's something different it looks like we're just using ad hoc reasoning if you remember ad hoc reasoning this is when you just make up something to help your theory you to keep your theory you just say well they're made of something else you know ectoplasm or they're made of some other type of energy that combines differently than atoms that they still can bounce photons off of them but they can't do anything else with them then you're just adding a bunch of things and when you add entities you're making your theory a lot more complex and remember one of the things with the criteria of adequacy is simplicity and if you start saying yeah but we could you don't have any independent reason to posit the different types of energy atom thingy whatever we have no independent reason to think those things exist so we're just positing them to save the theory instead of saying yeah that doesn't make sense that we can see something that's not made of atoms right and so that could be a problem for it all so almost all reports and photos and this is sounds a silly problem with it but almost all of the reports of ghosts and the photos that you see a ghost the ghosts are wearing clothes now I know that does seem silly and maybe petty but it doesn't make a lot of sense so humans are supposed to have spirits and maybe that makes sense you know there's a lot of problems for that view but ok humans have spirits but do clothes have spirits is my boat I have a spirit if I die my boat I does that mean that I my boat I will always be with me for me the worst would be dying without my boat I because I want my boat I but I mean nobody pauses that boat eyes have spirits and so where are these ghosts getting their closes there a ghost thrift shop things shop at does it have ancient Greek clothing and modern clothing and all the stuff in between you know what this is really kind of a problem that people see clothed images of ghosts instead of naked ghosts because it really doesn't make sense that their coat clothes would have wine just because you died in something would that mean that you have to wear it forever and and how does that work what do they emit it just doesn't make a lot of sense but if you see the photos that people have taken of ghosts a lot of times they're wearing clothes and that really does seem to be a problem so how is this all possible it looks like the theory that the experiences of ghosts one the explanation that they're caused by disembodied spirit seemed to be have a lot of problems it doesn't seem very simple it doesn't have a lot of scope it really seems like a bizarre explanation for explaining why these people are having these ghost experiences it's just when you start putting it together it doesn't seem to meet the criteria of adequacy very well so what are some other explanations well it could that Ghost experiences are caused by these common conditions that we now exist external to ghost experiences of the vast majority of ghost encounters are the reported encounters take place either when the person is going to sleep and they say it's that night and they're going to sleep or when they first wake up in the morning and very often one of the common features and you can read about those experience after ghost experience the people express this idea that they can't move when they see the ghost maybe they're terrified they're in fear and that kind of thing we know that there is a very common condition called sleep paralysis and sleep paralysis happens when you your body enters into its deepest REM sleep when that happens when your body is sleeping your body is naturally immobilized your body kind of senses paralytic around your body so that you don't act out your dream so that you're not running it and you probably notice that if you're dreaming of running your awesome feel like you're running in slow motion that's because you're but your mind is actually processing the fact that your body is kind of immobilized while you sleep so you're not jumping out of bed and possibly injuring yourself and that kind of thing it's very common for some people to fall asleep very quickly and to enter REM sleep while they're still conscious now when you're in REM sleep that's when you have your most lucid dreams and if you're still conscious when you enter that REM State if you enter it really quick quickly which can happen for a lot of different reasons sometimes it's just a common thing it mixes dream imagery with consciousness and this would kind of see like this makes a prediction right if people fall asleep very quickly we would expect them to have higher instances of ghost encounters guess what we find out about narcoleptics people who have narcolepsy have higher than average experiences of ghost encounters and so if what explains it is the fact that they're hitting REM sleep while they're still conscious and it's mixing this dream state with their waking state in a weird way that would explain a lot of the ghost experiences especially those that happen when people are either entering sleep or just waking up sleep right and so that could be a common a good explanation that we know that we're not making anything up to explain this data right we already know that sleep paralysis exists we already know about narcolepsy and we weren't and we don't know about it just because we were trying to explain ghosts experiences we know about it from lots of different sources and then that would help explain some ghost experiences but probably not all ghost experiences right so another theory another hypothesis is that it's caused by these in ghost encounters are caused by interactions between the environment a person's environment by the environment but you know the rooms and drafts and that kind of stuff and the person and their senses so there's a really popular study in England that found a relationship between encounters ghost encounters and these different environmental factors so there are two places in England that are just notorious for their hauntings their ghost experiences their paranormal activity and that's the Hampton Court Palace where it's supposed to be haunted by one of Henry the fourth like I can't remember one of his ex-wives who was executed and the Southbridge vaults in England and they're supposed to be some of the most haunted places and and reported haunted places in the country and in Great Britain and investigators they're measured environmental factors of those places so they set up instruments to measure electromagnetic waves drafts temperature changes all these kind of stuff are all around these places they set up their instruments all over and then they asked 600 people to walk through the places and write down anything that they feel that's unusual and to note where they are when they feel it now these people were not aware of the places within those buildings that were supposed to be haunted right they didn't know that most people report the hauntings in this room or that room or the other right they weren't told that beforehand and they had no prior knowledge of it they were just asked to walk through the places and to note where they were and if they are if they experience any kind of weird sensation and where they were when they did that and consistently the people would report these unusual experiences in those locations that were said to be haunted by others now what do you think that instruments found in those locations they found that they were dressed like cold currents of air that would come through those certain places they found that there was higher electromagnetic activity in those places they found all these other environmental factors about those places that just so happened to coincide with the places that the people said were haunted right so if this if these experiences are caused by electromagnetic waves or something like that that would just feel something weird in those places that would explain the data let me just give you a side example of electromagnetism and things like that look up on YouTube / sings God helmet it's really really interesting it's this football helmet that this researcher has put together he's actually working on it for video games now - so it's really kind of freaky but anyway he put this football helmet together and put these electromagnet magnets out over the right temporal lobe and over a thousand people have tested it maybe well over that now have put that helmet on and when the magnets are turned on 80 percent report ghost or out-of-body experiences or some kind of spiritual something just caused by these electromagnet magnets now there is we have so we know we can cause people to have experiences with magnets and magnetism and we also know that there is a positive correlation between reports of encounters with ghosts and sunspot cycles which affects the Earth's magnetic field so when the there's sunspot activity and it messes with our magnetic fields we get more reports of ghost encounters so that would seem to fit that if there's electromagnetism around that could be causing which electromagnetic stuff is just naturally occurring it could be because a place ring was built in a certain rock formations or it has certain materials in the room or something like that right so that could be a very possible explanation of these all know that sound waves can have these effects the human ear usually can detect sound waves above 20 cycles per second some ways below to this however we know from experimentation can cause ghost experiences there's a famous example of this computer scientist who woke up terrified that he was being watched he actually opened his eyes and saw a ghostly figure passed by him he went and grabbed a sword he was a fencer you know he practiced the sword thing like the people with the with the mask and everything like that he grabbed his sword and he noticed it vibrating now this computer scientists happen to know a lot about sound waves that knew that sound could cause those kind of vibrations so he went and got some instruments that he had and he measured the sound waves in his room he had just gotten a new air conditioning unit in there and it was actually vibrating at 19 cycles per second which will actually cause your eyeballs to vibrate just like it causes the sword to vibrate which is really interesting right if your eyeballs are vibrating that makes that can make you see things right if they're if they're vibrating we also know that these aren't just artificially things that occur but they occur during thunderstorms when wind blows through chimneys and other thing openings and houses it can cause the same frequencies this thing 19's cycles per second or lower they can cause those vibrations and we also know that a lot of ghost encounters happen when there's thunderstorms outside and around 10 knees and all of these kinds of things right so investigators have gotten these same results in controlled environments using sound waves they can make people have these ghost experiences using that now you have to also add to this that your glinted that your brain is really just a narrative generating machine your brain is always seeing things and trying to interpret things whether they have a pattern or not in two patterns your brain is great at putting patterns together when there's nothing really no pattern really there this is called pareidolia you've probably experienced this before if you're looking at a bunch of random stuff like dots on the or of a tile or something and you see a face in it or you see a face in a cloud that's called pareidolia I actually just had a weird auditory experience with it this week I put a fan in my room because it's warm in the house and I started hearing music and noise and people talking and I could hum the song actually and you could look it up this is a real thing that people hear music and fan noises because of my brain was hearing these random noises and the brain doesn't like random the random stuff so it causes something to it causes a pattern to emerge and so this is very very likely that's why you see Jesus and your toast and Mary and the clouds and all of this kind of stuff because your brain puts these patterns together so it's very likely that these unusual things that are happening it because of magnets and sound vibrations and all those things that the brain would want to put that together into a pattern like the human form and I cannot believe I ran out of another video I'm gonna make another one that's just going to last a few but maybe a minute or two to wrap all of this up but that could be another explanation of these ghost encounters