Social Justice

Class Introduction

• Teacher: Anusiya Didi
• Subject: Political Science
• Chapter: Social Justice
• Summary: In this chapter, we will study social justice and several important theories related to it.

Main Objectives of the Chapter

• Principles of Justice: Principles of justice in different societies and their changes over time.

Important Topics

• Distributive Justice: Meaning and importance of distributive justice.
• John Rawls: John Rawls and his theory related to justice.

Main Topic Details

What is Justice?

• Ancient India: Justice was called Dharma, and kings provided justice to people.
• China: Confucius stated that the king should reward the right and punish the wrong.
• Greece (Athens): Detailed discussion on justice in Plato's book 'Republic'.
• Socrates: Collective welfare of all is justice.

Equal Treatment for Equals

• Equal Rights: Rights to life, liberty, and property.
• Non-discrimination: No discrimination based on caste, color, race, or gender.
• Example: Equal salary for teachers without gender bias.

Proportional Justice

• Merit-based Rewards: Those who work harder should get greater rewards.
• Equality Doesn't Mean Justice: Equal treatment for all is not necessarily appropriate.
• Example: Higher marks for students who work harder.

Special Needs Recognition

• Reservations: Reservations in education and jobs for SC/ST.
• Physical Disabilities: Special facilities for persons with specific needs.
• Economic Inequality: Giving priority to the poor first.

John Rawls's Theory of Justice

• Theory of Justice: Equal opportunities for all, no discrimination.
• Veil of Ignorance: Lack of knowledge of one's own position when making judicial decisions.
• Rational Decisions: Making decisions considering the benefit of all.

Pursuing Social Justice

• Basic Minimum Conditions: Minimum requirements for living.
• Government Role: Providing minimum wages, health facilities, and education.
• Open Market vs State Intervention: Arguments for free market and government involvement.

Free Market Theory

• Individual Ownership: Right of individuals to their property.
• Meritocracy: Rewards based on talent.
• Consumer Choices: Consumers should have choices.

Conclusion

• Understanding Different Principles: Understanding different principles of social justice.
• Balanced Approach: Adopting a balanced approach to providing justice to people.

Insights

• The main way to achieve social justice: Paying attention to the well-being of people.
• Correct coordination between government and private sectors is essential.

Class Next Steps

• Students should indicate in the comment section which chapter they want next week.
• Share your queries and feedback.