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Why was the meeting of the Estates-General in 1789 significant?
Press to flip
It was the first meeting since 1614, and it led to the formation of the National Assembly by the frustrated Third Estate.
What were some of the main grievances that led to protests in Paris following the fall of the Bastille?
Rising prices of bread, clothes, and houses.
Who were some philosophers that influenced the growing demand for rights in France and what did they advocate?
John Locke and Rousseau, who spoke of equality of rights.
When and how did slavery end in France's colonies?
Slavery ended in 1794 after the fall of Robespierre's government.
What economic conditions led to increased unrest in France from 1750 to 1789?
Population growth outpaced food supply, causing inflation and worsening poverty.
How did King Louis XVI's policies exacerbate France's financial problems?
The royal treasury was empty, and aiding America's 13 colonies against Britain increased expenses.
What events led to the end of the monarchy in France?
The imprisonment of the king on 10 August and the establishment of the republic on 22 September 1792, followed by the guillotining of Louis XVI on charges of treason.
What was the atmosphere in Paris on the morning of 14 July 1789?
Fear and unrest, with rumors that the king wanted to shoot at the people of France.
Describe the social structure of 18th century France.
Society was divided into three estates: Clergy (1st Estate), Nobility (2nd Estate), and the Third Estate which included big businessmen, lawyers, and farmers, who paid all the taxes.
What action did people take on 14 July 1789 in Paris?
7000 people gathered in front of the Town Hall to loot weapons from government buildings, leading to the attack on the Bastille prison.
Describe the rise and fall of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Napoleon took power and formed a new government in 1799, initially appearing to support the public but later exhibiting dictatorial tendencies. He was defeated in 1815.
What role did the Jacobin Club play in the French Revolution?
To combat inflation and bread prices, they planned actions that led to the imprisonment of the king and his family, and ultimately, the establishment of the republic.
What changes occurred regarding press freedom in France around 1799?
A law was enacted limiting press freedom, but later, freedom was restored.
What changes did the Constitution of 1791 bring to France?
It limited the king's powers and divided the government into three parts: legislature, executive, and judiciary, granting several rights to the people including the right to life and freedom of speech.
What was the significance of the attack on the Bastille prison?
The prison commander was killed, the prisoners were released, and the Bastille prison was demolished, symbolizing the start of the French Revolution.
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