remember that the school has two types of bones there's the bones of the cranium that protect the brain and then there's the bones of the face we'll start looking at those with the zygomatic bone that's your cheekbone we actually already talked about the Saiga matic bone because the very first bone we mentioned in the previous video was the frontal bone and one of the structures we learned about is called the zygomatic process the chunk of bone that's reaching down towards the zygomatic bone we also talked about the zygomatic process on the temporal bone which you can't quite see here but there is a bone reaching towards the zygomatic from the back that's the temporal bone and it has a psychotic process too but look at this the zygomatic bone also attaches here to this bone the maxillary bone so it also has a zygomatic process so your skull has one two three zygomatic processes I hope you're with me because now we're about to flip the script the zygomatic bone has three processes - the one that's reaching towards the frontal bone is called the frontal process the one that's reaching back towards the temporal bone is the temporal process one reaching towards the maxillary bone is the maxillary process that makes sense so you've got one bone called the zygomatic bone but you've got like six structures - no three zygomatic processes on three different bones and then the zygomatic bone itself has three processes each named after the bone it's reaching towards run through that a few times will make sense the maxillary bones we just mentioned have a zygomatic process so a chunk of bone reaching towards zygomatic bone and they have a frontal process because let's look at the previous slide here we can see this at the maxillary bones reaching up towards the frontal bone there's a small hole through the maxillary bone right about here it's under my eye socket so here would be my eye socket and this hole is under my eye socket which is the orbit so it's called the infraorbital foramen there's also a hole inside my maxillary bone called the maxillary sinus there's a sticky-outy chunk of bone near my oral cavity called the Palatine process so this paletine process is making up part of my hard palate in other words right behind your front teeth your incisors if you run your tongue over the roof of your mouth you're touching a part of your front of your maxillary bone called the Palatine process and actually if you run your tongue really far back the roof of your mouth you'll reach your palatine bones these are separate little l-shaped bones and they make up the posterior third of your hard palate finally the maxillary bones have alveolar processes tooth sockets let's look now at the mandible plenty going on here the mandible let's begin with the mental protuberance so protruding from the front of your mandible as the mental protuberance and then on either side of that there are little holes called mental foramen ah here's one mental foramen here's one mental foramen so those foramina allowed nerves to pass through these big chunks of your mandible are called the body and then where the mandible suddenly curves up is called the angle of the mandible from there's a chunk of bone that kind of shoots up from the angle up towards your skull or up towards your cranial bones and that's called a ramus or plural is Ray my ears are Amos and here's a ramus a ramus is always going to be a like a ray of bone talking about like a Sun ray of sunlight you know something kind of skinny and long that's stretching to reach something that's the ramus then as we get towards the superior portion of this bone we see a lot going on there's a notch in your mandible called the mandibular notch good name and then there are two chunks of bone next to that notch the condylar process is the chunk of bone that articulates with the mandibular fossa manipular fossa is a structure we talked about way back in the temporal bone in other words your TMJ region your temporal mandibular joint is where your temporal bone and your mandible make a joint but more specifically it's the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone in the condylar process of the mandible that make that joint the other chunk of bone here is called the coronoid process and that's just a site for muscles to attach to last two are the alveolar processes we just learned that the maxillary bones have alveolar processes those are just your bony tooth sockets and finally you have a mandibular foramen kind of hiding down on the inside of the mandible there are several other facial bones they're all listed here these are relatively small and basic bones so they won't get their own slides we'll just say that nasal bones are found here so just find your nose feel that hyaline cartilage in there and go up quite high until you feel some really hard bony structures those are your nasal bones you also have inferior conchae or inferior nasal conchae those are these chunks of bone down here and they do the same thing that the middle and superior nasal conchae of the ethmoid bone do in other words there are a whole bunch of nasal conchae some of them are attached to the ethmoid bone but these aren't these are their own separate bones they're the inferior nasal conchae but they're doing the same job as the other concave they're gonna help make the air turbulent so it gets warmer so it gets cleaner so it gets moister as it tumbles all around inside your nasal cavity you also have lacrimal bones any time you hear the word lacrimal you should be thinking about tears lacrimal ducts make tears or lacrimal glands rather make tears and the tears travel through lacrimal ducks and those ducks go through the lacrimal bones so those are if you start at your nasal bones and you go towards the corners of your eyes you're gonna hit first the maxillary bones but then way in the corner of your eyes are the lacrimal bones and then finally there is this wall separating the two halves of your nasal cavity and there are two bones that make that wall the ethmoid bone and the vomer bone so the vomer bone is this very thin bone it looks like this like a line but if you look at it from the side it's almost like a shark fin but it's very thin and it's going to articulate with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid to separate your left and right sides of your nasal cavity good times