Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders (DSM-5)

Overview

• New category in DSM-5.
• Previously organized into different sections.
• Includes disorders such as:
  • Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
  • Conduct Disorder
  • Antisocial Personality Disorder
  • Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)
  • Other impulse control disorders like Pyromania and Kleptomania.
• Common feature: Impulse behaviors or lack of self-control.
• Typically begin in childhood or adolescence and persist into adulthood.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

• Defined by persistent and willful defiant behavior.
• Affects emotional, behavioral, and cognitive patterns.
• Emotional Dysregulation:
  • Irritability, resentfulness.
• Behavioral Patterns:
  • Frequent arguments, angry outbursts.
  • Refusal to comply with authority figures.
• Cognitive Patterns:
  • Vindictiveness, spitefulness.
  • Blaming others for their behaviors.
• Criteria: Lasts at least six months, interferes with social interactions.

Conduct Disorder

• Overlaps with ODD but includes aggressive behavior towards people and animals.
• Actions:
  • Violent destruction of property, theft, harming pets.
• Characteristics: Antisocial behaviors breaking social norms.
• Types:
  • Childhood-Onset Type: Symptoms before age 10.
  • Adolescent-Onset Type: Symptoms between age 10-18.
• Earlier onset often correlates with more severe issues.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

• Disregard for moral values and societal norms.
• Lack of empathy, poor impulse control.
• Tendencies:
  • Aggressive, unlawful behavior, manipulation of others.
• Over-represented in prison populations and substance abuse.
• Diagnostic criteria: Individuals over 18 with history of conduct disorder.
• Also found in the Personality Disorder section of DSM-5.

Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)

• Recurrent explosive outbursts of intense anger and violence.
• Characteristics:
  • Brief, non-premeditated outbursts.
  • Outbursts disproportionate to the situation.
• Diagnosis: Over 6 years old, with outbursts twice a week for 3 months or 3 in a year resulting in injury or damage.

Pyromania and Kleptomania

• Pyromania:
  • Compulsive fire setting for relief and euphoria.
  • Fixation on fire-related activities.
• Kleptomania:
  • Impulse to steal for pleasure and tension relief.
  • Often steal items of little value, can afford.
• Both can lead to legal issues.

Treatment

• Focus on behavioral change through therapy, not pharmaceuticals.
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Effective for behavior modification.
• Social Skills Training and Anger Management: Decrease problematic behaviors.
• Parent Management Training: Teaching parents effective response strategies.

Conclusion

• Treatment involves a combination of therapies.
• Support can be provided through platforms like Patreon or by sharing information.