Inclusive Education in School Context

Lecture 5: Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS)

Overview

• MTSS: Comprehensive framework to support diverse student needs (academic, behavioral, social-emotional).
• Useful in schools, especially for students with complex needs (e.g., autism spectrum disorder).

Scenario Example: Oscar

• Oscar, a 5-year-old in a rural primary school, diagnosed with autism.
• MTSS helps tailor support for Oscar to improve learning, participation, and outcomes.

Four Pillars of MTSS

1. Varying Levels of Evidence-Informed Supports

• Three Tiers of Support:
  • Tier 1: Universal support; high-quality instruction for all students (~80%).
    • Example: Visual schedules benefit all students, including Oscar.
  • Tier 2: Targeted support for smaller groups (~10-15%).
    • Example: Quiet spaces for Oscar due to sensory preferences.
  • Tier 3: Intensive, individualized intervention (~5-8%).
    • Collaboration with specialists (e.g., speech therapist) for significant needs.

2. Universal Screening

• Screening and observation to identify student needs.
• Example: Early diagnosis of ASD helps plan personalized learning.
• Features: Quick, efficient assessments conducted throughout the year.

3. Progress Monitoring

• Regular tracking of student progress to adjust support.
• Ensures support is effective and adjustments are based on constant evaluation.
• Example: Regular check-ins for Oscar to assess response to interventions.

4. Evidence-Informed Decision Making

• Decisions based on data and evidence, not ad hoc.
• Informed by observations, performance data, attendance records.
• Example: Review of communication data for Oscar to improve supervision and introduce new symbols.

Application in Classroom

• Tier 1 foundational work is essential for quality education benefiting all.
• Adjustments and strategies tailored to student needs at each tier.
• Importance of clear goals, effective teaching, and assessment.

Conclusion

• MTSS provides a structured approach to inclusive education.
• Focus on understanding and supporting diverse student needs through tiered interventions.