have you ever imagined cars driving themselves without any human intervention it might sound like a dream but guess what it's becoming a reality there are already some cars on the road that can drive themselves partially but the researchers are working hard to make fully autonomous cars in this particular video we'll explore the fascinating world of autonomous vehicles we'll uncover the logic behind them what they actually are and how do they see and how they work without human intervention but before we begin with that I'd like to request you guys to enable both the Subscribe button and Bell icon for intellipath YouTube channel to come across more updates like this first of all let's try to comprehend how self-driving cars can see the objects in the surrounding for that let's imagine that there is a self-driving car running on the road also to increase complexity let's say that it's late night with pitch dark and on a road there are few obstacles in front of the car the car now needs to see and understand these objects to make safe decisions without any human intervention to do this the car uses Smart Eyes called sensors sensors work like magic giving the car all the information about the size shape and position of the obstacles in just a split seconds no matter how dark or tough the conditions are to achieve this complex task the car uses a special laser-based tool called Lida and a smart communication technology called integrated photonics Lida sends out laser beams that bounces off the objects and come back to the car sensors creating a 3D map of a surrounding it's like a magical blueprint that tells the car where everything is even tiny details like the button on someone's shirt but how does it measure the shape and depth of the objects well Lida continuously fires laser pulses to measure the distance for example if there is a dog in front of a car one pulse might hit the base of dog's ear and the next one might reach the tip of the ear before bouncing back by measuring the time it takes for the pulses to return the car can understand the shape of dog's ear with with a lot of short pulses Lida renders a detailed profile of the object the most obvious way to create pulses is to switch the laser on and off but this makes the laser unstable and affects the precise timing of its pulses which limits the depth resolution so it's better to leave it on and use something else to periodically block the light reliably and rapidly that's where integrated photonics steps in integrated photonics uses tiny Optical circuits to manipulate light and precisely control its path it's like having a super smart traffic controller for light so instead of switching the laser on and off which can be unstable and affect the timing of pulses integrated photonics steps in to efficiently block the light at just the right moments this ensures the laser pulses are delivered with precise timing resulting in a high resolution depth map with this powerful Duo of Lida and integrated photonics the car can now create detail profile of every object it encounters on the road it's like giving a car super power to see and understand the world around it as the car continues its Journey it uses this constantly updating 3D map to navigate safely through the ever-changing environment it can make Split Second decisions avoid obstacles and keep everyone on board out of Harm's Way besides these two tools cars also put a multitude of cameras to use in order to have extra distance calculation factor for optimal decision making I hope now you guys understand how autonomous vehicles can see and sense the environment around them alright now that the car can see and understand its surrounding it needs to process all that sensory data to make smart decisions on the road now let's suppose an autonomous car is running on one-way Lane surrounded by vehicles coming from the opposite direction on one side and other vehicles moving alongside it on the same Lane The Car Smart sensors such as Lida and cameras continuously collect info information about the surrounding environment they detect the positions speeds and trajectories of all nearby Vehicles including those approaching from the opposite direction and those driving alongside our autonomous vehicle the complex algorithms inside cars onboard computer come into play these algorithms analyze all the data gathered by the sensors in real time they consider various factors like the relative distances speeds and the predicted path of other vehicles to understand the potential risk and safe options available the algorithm follows a set of rules to prioritize safety and avoid any collisions if there is enough space on the lane the car may continue driving in its designated Lane maintaining a safe distance from other vehicles the algorithms ensure that the car keeps a buffer zone and adjust its speed to prevent any chances of accidents in a more complex situation where the lane becomes crowded or the approaching vehicles are too close the algorithms might make the decision religions to slow down or even stop the car temporarily to allow safe passage for other vehicles this is similar to how human driver would slow down and yield in such situations the algorithms also continuously adapt to changing conditions if there are certain changes in the position or movements of other vehicles The Car Smart algorithms can quickly adjust the driving strategy to ensure safety and smooth traffic flow furthermore the autonomous car can communicate with other smart vehicles on the road sharing data about its movement and intentions this communication helps create a collaborative driving environment where all the vehicles work together to avoid conflicts and ensure safe driving currently we don't have complete autonomous vehicles on the road but intensive research is going on in the industry however even the partial autonomous vehicles have also come a long way as much as these vehicles drive on the road they keep learning and improving themselves I mean have a look at this footage of Tesla autopilot visualizing surroundings and making decisions this is quite magical isn't it but there is more to come with today's video we Overlook the fundamental idea of how self-driving Vehicles work I hope this video was informative for all of you guys out there thank you for watching this video And subscribe to intellipath YouTube channel to come across more technical videos like this [Music]