802.11 Network Specifications

Frequency Ranges

• 2.4 GHz Range
  • Many 802.11 standards use this range.
  • Common channels: 1, 6, and 11 (20 MHz bandwidth each)
  • Frequency range: 2412 MHz to 2482 MHz
  • Limitations due to limited channels, causing congestion in high-density areas.
• 5 GHz Range
  • Popular due to more available channels compared to 2.4 GHz.
  • Supports higher bandwidth options:
    • 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, and 160 MHz
  • Larger bandwidths offer better throughput.
  • 160 MHz bandwidth provides two separate non-contiguous communication areas.

Channel Management

• Channels are grouped frequencies assigned by IEEE.
• Use different channels for multiple access points in close proximity to reduce interference.
• Frequency usage regulated by governmental agencies setting power and interference limits.

Bluetooth Networks

• Operates on the 2.4 GHz band (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical - ISM part).
• Does not require special licensing for use.
• Primarily used for personal area networks with a typical range of 10 meters.
• Industrial standards may extend range beyond 100 meters.

Comparison and Compatibility

• Both 802.11 and Bluetooth utilize the 2.4 GHz band due to its unlicensed status.
• Visual representation highlights the preference for the 5 GHz for its extensive available spectrum.