Nutritional Guidance for Gastrointestinal Disorders

Disorders Covered

• Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)
• Cholecystitis (Inflammation of the gallbladder)
• Cirrhosis (Liver damage and scarring)
• Pancreatitis (Inflammation of the pancreas)

Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)

• Symptoms: Often asymptomatic, can lead to cholecystitis (right upper quadrant pain, pain after eating high-fat foods, nausea, vomiting, bloating, gas)
• Risk Factors: Four F's - Female, Fat, Over 40, Family history
• Nutritional Guidance:
  • Low-fat diet
  • Avoid unhealthy fats (fried, greasy foods)
  • Increase fiber
  • Avoid refined carbs
  • Weight loss and regular exercise if applicable

Cholecystitis (Inflammation of the Gallbladder)

• Follow similar nutritional guidelines as for cholelithiasis

Cirrhosis (Liver Damage and Scarring)

• Causes: Alcoholism, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, chronic hepatitis
• Symptoms: Fatigue, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, ascites, bleeding
• Nutritional Guidance:
  • Limit sodium intake
  • Small, frequent meals
  • Vitamin and mineral supplements as ordered
  • Abstain from alcohol

Pancreatitis (Inflammation of the Pancreas)

• Causes: Heavy alcohol use, bile tract disease, medications
• Symptoms: Severe right upper quadrant or epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting
• Nutritional Guidance During Acute Attack: NPO (nothing by mouth), IV fluids
• Long-term Nutritional Guidance:
  • Low-fat diet
  • Abstain from alcohol and smoking
  • May require pancreatic enzymes with meals/snacks for chronic pancreatitis

Summary Quiz

1. Is a low-fat diet recommended for cholecystitis, pancreatitis, or both?
   • Answer: Both
2. What diet is recommended for a patient experiencing an acute pancreatitis attack?
   • Answer: NPO (nothing by mouth)
3. Individuals with cirrhosis or pancreatitis are advised to abstain from alcohol. True or false?
   • Answer: True

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