Transcript for:
Healthy Hair and Scalp Care

Hello peachies, welcome back to dear peachie! They say the right lipstick completes  a makeup look, but we're firm believers   that your look isn't truly complete  without having your best hair day!   When your hair isn't cooperating, something  just feels off about your whole appearance. We touched on this in our previous video, where  we discussed the glow-up blueprint pyramid,   emphasizing the importance of hair condition,  nestled right there in the third tier. It's   clear that hair plays a significant role  in elevating our overall appearance. Now, let's be real, everyone deals  with hair concerns at some point:   split ends, dryness, dullness, dandruff,  oily scalp, damaged hair... you name it! We're constantly striving for that luscious,  bouncy, healthy hair we see in shampoo ads.   It's like a never-ending cycle, isn't it? You see  some TikTok influencer raving about shampoo or   hair oil, and bam! You impulsively buy  it, only to find it does squat for your   hair. Or maybe that 7-step hair care  routine feels like way too much effort. But have you ever stopped to consider that maybe  you're not tackling the root cause of your hair   issues? Pun intended. Many of us think slathering  on hair care products religiously is the key   to healthy hair. But guess what? A lot of those  issues stem from the condition of our scalp! It's   time we realized that hair care starts from the  scalp because a healthy scalp equals healthy hair. In today's video, we're diving deep into  all things scalp and hair. We'll address   every hair concern through the lens of two  major factors: the scalp and the hair itself. So, if you're ready for a master class on  taking your hair game to the next level,   grab your pen and paper because this  video is packed with valuable insights! First, let’s learn a little bit about  why a healthy scalp equals healthy hair? Each hair grows through an individual  follicle that emerges from your scalp.   These follicles are responsible for  producing sebum, also known as oil,   through the sebaceous gland. The amount of sebum  produced can vary from person to person. It's   crucial that these follicles and the scalp  at their point of exit remain clean, clear,   healthy, and well-maintained. When follicles are  clogged with sebum, dead skin cells, dandruff,   or infections, it can significantly impact the  quality of hair growth. In fact, if follicles   become permanently blocked or obstructed, they  may eventually stop producing hair altogether. The scalp itself is composed of cells that  continually divide and migrate to the surface,   where they eventually shed. Therefore, it's  essential to remove dead skin cells through   brushing, washing, and regular exfoliation. This  ensures that the scalp remains healthy and free   from blockages, allowing for optimal  hair growth and overall hair health. Do you know that our scalp is an extension  of our facial skin? And it's actually more   delicate and fragile! What's fascinating  is that the scalp undergoes renewal and   metabolism at a rate roughly twice  as fast as the rest of our skin. Think of the scalp like soil and the hair  like crops. Just as the fertility of soil   affects the growth of crops, the health of our  scalp directly impacts our hair condition. So,   in many ways, the scalp's health  determines the overall health of our hair. According to the American Academy of Dermatology,  each person has approximately 100,000 hair   follicles on their scalp, regardless of  ethnicity. And each follicle contains   at least one growing hair. These follicles  play a vital role in producing sebum or oil,   which not only moisturizes the scalp but also  protects it from bacterial and fungal infections. You know, we often cringe at the mention of sebum  when it comes to our hair, but here's the thing:   the right amount of sebum production  is actually key to a healthy scalp. So, how do we help our scalp produce  just the right amount of sebum? Well,   it all comes down to maintaining the pH of  your scalp between 4.5 to 5.5. This mildly   acidic environment is super important for keeping  bacteria out and your scalp squeaky clean. But,   if things get out of whack, you might end up  with greasy, tangled hair from too much acidity   or your hair natural protection  getting stripped from too little. Ideally, your scalp should be free of these  problems — no itchiness, dandruff, redness,   irritation, scalp pain, acne, cysts, sunburns,  or excessive peeling. And if you spot any bumps,   crusts, or redness, along with signs of hair loss,   well, that's your scalp waving a red  flag, telling you it needs some TLC. ——————-  Just like our skin, our scalps come in different  types too. Identifying your scalp type can make   it easier to develop an effective strategy for  nurturing healthy hair. In this section, we'll   discuss the four different scalp types, and you  can identify yours based on their characteristics. Let's start with the oily scalp type. People  with this type have overactive sebaceous glands   that secrete excess oil, causing sebum to thickly  cover the scalp. Within a short period of time,   usually 48 hours after washing, the hair starts  to clump together or appear visibly oily,   especially at the roots, where the first 2-3  cm of hair looks greasy and sticky. The scalp   itself appears obviously oily and dirty, and  occasional dandruff flakes may also be present,   due to oleophilic malassezia bacteria  that thrive in oily environments. In contrast, the dry scalp type presents  quite differently. Those with dry scalps have   underactive sebaceous glands that don't produce  enough oil, resulting in a high, weakly alkaline   pH in their scalp. This leads to a dry, itchy  scalp condition and the production of powdery   dandruff flakes. Generally, it takes 5 days or  more without washing for obvious oil to build up   on the hair and scalp. But! this doesn't mean you  should only wash your hair every 5 days or longer. The combination scalp type is aptly named,  as the sebaceous glands across the head are   divided into two zones. Some areas, generally the  top of the head, are rich in sebum production,   while other areas, normally the sides and back,  have relatively low sebum output, similar to   combination skin. Overactive sebaceous glands in  certain scalp regions, coupled with poor overall   scalp condition, result in too much sebum being  absorbed by the scalp itself, preventing it from   coating the hair strands. This typically leads  to dry, frizzy hair paired with an oily scalp,   particularly at the roots. It could be considered  the most challenging scalp type to manage. The sensitive scalp type often corresponds with  sensitive or allergy-prone skin. Those with   sensitive scalps tend to experience frequent  itchiness, irritation and reactivity. Common   issues include an oily scalp, occasional burning  sensations, redness, small bumps or folliculitis,   and scalp pain or discomfort. New hair growth  is usually thin, soft and lacking strength,   leading to easy breakage. The sensitive scalp is  highly reactive to seasonal changes, environmental   factors, switching shampoos and chemical  processes like perming, coloring or bleaching. Now, have you noticed any of these scalp  characteristics sounding familiar to yours?   Make a mental note before we dive into scalp care. ———— Perhaps you're still figuring out which type of  scalp you have, but it's essential to keep an   eye out for common issues that stem from an  unbalanced or unhealthy scalp. These issues   typically include oily or dry scalp, dandruff,  or hair fall problems. If you're experiencing   any of these concerns, it might be time  to give your scalp some extra attention. Signs of an oily scalp are pretty hard to  miss. You might find yourself reaching for   the shampoo bottle daily because your hair  gets greasy in the blink of an eye. And   that annoying itchiness? It's probably  due to a buildup of dead skin cells. If you happen to skip a hair wash  for a few days, the oils can pile up,   resulting in a not-so-pleasant odor and oily  stains on your pillowcases. Your hair might   end up looking flat as a pancake because,  well, all that oil is weighing it down. But what causes the scalp oily? Well,  it could be a variety of factors. The condition of the scalp can be influenced  by various factors like weather, hormones,   and hair washing frequency.  The dry air of winter can   dehydrate the scalp and increase sebum  production as a compensatory measure. Conversely, the humid summer days  promote sweating on the scalp,   which can push sebum down the hair shaft,  making the hair feel greasier than usual   despite sufficient oil production. Washing  too frequently strips away protective oils,   while infrequent washing allows oil,  dead skin cells, and other debris to   accumulate. Maintaining the right balance  is key to a healthy scalp environment. Now, let's talk about the flip side –  dry scalp. This pesky condition arises   from a lack of moisture in your skin,  leaving your scalp irritated and flaky. So, what triggers the dry scalp? It can be  the cold, dry air of winter or those harsh   ingredients found in your hair products. This  can cause contact dermatitis, a reaction to   hair products like shampoo or hairspray, can  leave your scalp feeling parched and flaky. Next, dandruff. So many of us tend to  relate dandruff and dry scalp together,   but they're actually two distinct conditions. Normally, the skin cells on your scalp and  body go through a cycle of multiplying,   dying, and shedding off. But  in people with dandruff issues,   their skin cells speed up the process  and shed more quickly than usual. The culprit behind dandruff is  often seborrheic dermatitis,   a condition that leaves your skin  oily, red, and scaly. Those white   or yellow scales you see in your hair or  on your shoulders? That's the dandruff. You can actually tell the difference  between dry scalp and dandruff by taking   a closer look at the flakes. Dandruff  flakes are usually bigger and have an   oily appearance. Dry scalp is often  present with smaller and dry flakes,   and you also find dry patches on  different parts of your skin too. Whether it's dryness or dandruff, both  can make your scalp itch like crazy. Wrapping up, let's talk  about another common issue:   hair loss or hair shedding. It's something  that can really throw us for a loop,   and it's caused by a variety of factors  that mess with the hair follicle. If you've been noticing more hairs  on your pillow or hairbrush lately,   you might be worried about hair  loss. But here's the thing – you   could actually just be shedding more hairs  than usual. Yup, there's a difference. Normally, our bodies shed between 50 to 100  hairs a day. But when that number shoots   up significantly, it's called excessive hair  shedding, or telogen effluvium in medical terms. Excessive hair shedding often happens  after experiencing a major stressor,   like pregnancy, mental stress, high fever,  illness, or weight loss. You might start   noticing the extra shedding a few months after the  stressful event. But don't fret – this shedding   is usually temporary and stops as your body  readjusts, typically within six to nine months. However, if the stressor sticks around,  so does the excessive shedding. People   constantly under a lot of stress can  deal with long-term hair shedding. On the other hand, hair loss happens  when something puts the brakes on hair   growth, and it's called anagen  effluvium in the medical world. The culprits behind hair loss can range from  hereditary factors to immune system reactions,   certain medications or treatments,  hairstyles that tug on your hair,   harsh hair-care products, or even  compulsively pulling out your own hair. If you're dealing with hair loss, your hair won't  grow back until the underlying cause is addressed. So, whether it's shedding or loss,   dealing with changes in your hair  can be stressful. But remember,   you're not alone, and there are solutions  out there to help you navigate through it. Now that we've explored the various types  of scalps and common scalp conditions, let's   dive into how to care for it. Remember, scalp  issues are the root cause of many hair problems,   making scalp health a top priority. By keeping  our scalp healthy and clean, we create an optimal   environment for hair growth and nourish the skin  that shields our skull from trauma and infection. While water can rinse away the  dust collected in the hair,   the most effective way to keep the  scalp clean is through shampooing. But Have you ever stopped to wonder what’s  inside your shampoo bottle? Many shampoos   have an extensive list of ingredients, so  it can be hard to figure out what those   scientific-sounding names mean and what the  ingredients do. Whatever product you use,   one thing’s certain — it contains surfactants.  Surfactants are chemical compounds that cleanse   or condition your hair. So, they’re an essential  ingredient in virtually all hair-washing products,   making up about 90% of shampoo ingredients.  Their main job is to remove oil and dirt. Now, there's been some chatter lately about  SLS and SLES being harmful to the scalp,   but here's the scoop: it would take  decades of heavy use or extremely   high concentrations to cause any real harm.  Almost all shampoos you see in the market   usually contain Sodium Laureth Sulfate  (SLES) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS). And here's the thing, sulfates aren't  necessarily bad. It all depends on your   hair and scalp type. If you tend to  have greasy or oily scalp and hair,   a shampoo with both SLES and SLS might  be your best bet. On the other hand,   if your scalp and hair are on the dry side, opt  for shampoos with only SLES. And remember, you can   always use less shampoo to avoid stripping away  too much sebum and drying out your scalp and hair. And yes, you've probably noticed that  there are tons of sulfate-free shampoos   on the market nowadays. While sulfate-free  formulas can be great for certain hair types,   they might not be cleansing enough  for others, leading to buildup of oil,   dirt, and product residue that can harm  hair follicles and even cause hair loss. While scalp type is a primary  consideration when choosing a shampoo,   there are other factors to keep in mind,  such as the condition of your hair,   the porosity level and types of curls.  We will come to that in the later parts. So, when it comes to choosing the right  shampoo, it's all about finding what works   best for your hair and scalp type. Whether you  go sulfate-free or opt for a traditional formula,   just remember to listen to your hair's  needs and adjust your routine accordingly. Next, it’s time we look into some general tips  for washing and caring for your scalp properly. First things first, thoroughly wet your scalp and  hair with water. Take your time with this step,   a good rinse can eliminate up to 80% of  scalp oils, buildup, and dust. Not only   does it cleanse your hair, but it also opens up  the hair cuticle, priming it for deep cleansing. Next, when applying hair care  products like shampoo or conditioner,   avoid direct application to the scalp.  Instead, lather the product in your hands   with some water until it foams up before  applying it to your scalp. This ensures   even distribution and prevents product  buildup, which can clog hair follicles. Remember, conditioners or hair masks should  not be applied directly to your scalp too due   to the heavy texture of moisturizing agents. It  can lead to buildup if not thoroughly cleaned. Avoid using water temperatures higher than  40 degrees Celsius when washing your hair.   Excessively hot water can damage the hair  cuticle, leading to dry, brittle hair,   and can also cause the scalp to overproduce oil in  an attempt to compensate for the dryness. Opting   for lukewarm water ensures a gentle cleanse  without causing harm to your scalp or hair. When washing your hair, be gentle and use small  circular motions to massage your scalp. Slide   your fingers into your hair as you do so,  avoiding scratching or harsh movements that   could cause hair breakage, especially since  hair is more prone to breakage when wet. Using both hands and your fingertips, but not  your nails! Start at the sides of your temple   and work your way up to the crown of your head.  Then, move from the base of your ears to the top   of your head on both sides, and don't forget  the nape of your neck. Spend about three to   five minutes massaging your scalp. This gentle  massage helps to soften skin cells, exfoliate,   remove debris, and stimulate blood flow,  promoting a healthy scalp and hair growth. Once you've thoroughly cleaned your scalp,   bring the foam down to your hair shaft  to ensure they're cleansed as well. Then, rinse your hair with water thoroughly. Make  sure to rinse multiple times, back and forth,   up and down. Gently ruffle your hair and  lift the strands to ensure every part   is thoroughly rinsed. This ensures that any  remaining shampoo or residue is washed away,   leaving your hair clean and refreshed. The wash and care tips we discussed  earlier are applicable for everyone,   regardless of scalp type. However, here are some  specific tips tailored to different scalp types. For those with an oily scalp, it's best to  wash your hair daily or every other day.   Opt for gentle shampoos that  don't strip away too much oil,   as excessive oil removal can actually  lead to dry hair and increased hair loss. In fact, the amount of hair loss over  two days without washing can sometimes   exceed that of daily washing. So, all the  tik toks about training your hair or hair   oiling by washing your hair once a week is  actually doing more harm than good for you. if you're regularly exposed to environments  filled with dust, grease, or smoke,   it's still important to wash your hair  regularly to keep it clean and healthy. Staying clear of any leave-in conditioners or  thick formulas that may weigh the hair down   and contribute to a greasy, oily scalp. Instead,   opt for lightweight conditioners made for  your scalp type. If you experience dandruff,   opt for a zinc-based shampoo and wash at the  same frequency as you would with an oily scalp. Healing a dry scalp is all about making  sure this area receives enough hydration   and isn't overwashed. For those with a dry scalp, opt for a mildly  acidic shampoo containing ingredients like   hyaluronic acid, ceramides, or gluco-peptides.  These ingredients help gently remove buildup,   minimize irritation, and protect the  scalp's natural sebum. Since scalp   sebum has a protective effect, it's best not  to use super-cleansing scrubs on a daily basis,   especially if you're washing your hair  daily. Instead, go for a deep cleanse   once a week to maintain scalp health without  stripping away too much natural moisture. If you're experiencing flakes along  with dryness, consider using a medicated   over-the-counter shampoo containing  zinc, salicylic acid, or magnesium. For those with a sensitive scalp, paying  attention to the ingredients in hair   products is crucial. Many shampoos and hair  products contain allergenic preservatives,   such as Methylchlorothiazolinone, DMDM,  Glycolactone, and Imidazolidinyl Urea,   which can trigger sensitivities and reactions. If  a shampoo doesn't list its ingredients, you can   use apps or websites to search for the ingredient  list, which are often sorted by ingredient ratio. Opt for shampoos specifically  formulated for sensitive skin,   as they are designed to be gentle and less  likely to cause irritation. Additionally,   finding the best washing routine that suits your  scalp is essential for maintaining scalp health. Combination scalp, as the name suggests,  experiences both oiliness and dryness,   requiring a balanced approach to care. To achieve  this balance, use a gentle shampoo on the scalp   and avoid over-drying by adjusting your washing  frequency. Spot treat specific areas with a   balancing scalp treatment or moisturizing hair  serum/oil to address any dryness or oiliness. For those with an oily scalp and dry  ends, opt for a light shampoo and   hydrating conditioner applied only to the  lengths and ends of the hair. Conversely,   if dealing with a dry scalp and balanced  ends, use a hydrating shampoo on the scalp   and a lightweight conditioner on the lengths  and ends. Be cautious with clarifying shampoos,   as they may be effective for oily scalps but  could be too drying for combination scalps. When selecting scalp products, prioritize gentle  cleansing formulas. Look for shampoos designed to   decongest and soothe the scalp while also  removing buildup from the hair strands. ~~~~~ Now that we've   covered the ins and outs of hair washing  steps and the best products for our scalp,   let's discuss some good habits that everyone  should practice to maintain optimal scalp health. In addition to proper cleansing, remember  that your scalp needs UV protection just   like your skin does! Sun exposure  can lead to sunburn on the scalp,   causing cell damage that may result  in hair fall. Moreover, UV radiation   can leave your hair looking discolored,  dull, and coarse, robbing it of its shine. To protect your scalp and hair  from the sun's harmful rays,   consider using hair sunscreen  products in mist or powder form,   which you can apply directly to your hair and  scalp. Another excellent option for protecting   your hair from the sun is to look for leave-in  conditioners that contain zinc oxide. Zinc oxide   offers effective UV protection, shielding your  hair from the harmful effects of the sun's rays. Alternatively, wearing a wide-brimmed hat  or carrying an umbrella when out in the   sun can also provide effective  protection against sun damage. Dry shampoo is a convenient solution for those  days when washing your hair feels like a chore.   Essentially, it's a powder mist that absorbs  grease from your hair, reviving your roots and   giving them a fresh, fluffy appearance. While  it's handy for emergencies, it's not ideal to   leave dry shampoo in your hair overnight. Doing  so can potentially clog up your hair follicles,   leading to scalp issues. It's important  to practice thorough cleaning to remove   any remaining product buildup from your hair. So,  while dry shampoo can be a lifesaver in a pinch,   it's best to use it sparingly and wash your hair  regularly for optimal scalp and hair health. For hijab-wearing girls, ensuring that  your hair and scalp are completely dry   before putting on your hijab is crucial.  Wet hair or scalp covered by a hijab can   create a humid environment, leading to  increased sebum production and promoting   bacteria growth. This can result in an  unpleasant scalp odor if left unchecked. In addition to external factors, such as hair care  products, your diet plays a significant role in   scalp and hair health. Dieting for weight loss,  for instance, can sometimes lead to malnutrition,   due to inadequate intake of essential  micronutrients, protein, and dietary fiber.   This deficiency can increase the likelihood  of experiencing hair loss and shedding. Furthermore, lifestyle factors such as  smoking, excessive alcohol consumption,   stress, and lack of sleep have also been  linked to an increased risk of hair loss,   as supported by research findings.  Therefore, maintaining a balanced   diet and adopting healthy lifestyle habits are  essential for promoting scalp and hair health. —------- In this segment, we're delving into solutions  for both hair loss and hair shedding,   building upon our understanding  of their differences and causes. To encourage hair regrowth, adopting a  structured approach is key. Enter the   "Hair Regrowth Pyramid," comprising three  crucial layers aimed at reducing hair loss,   regulating the scalp environment, and  ultimately promoting hair regrowth. Starting with the foundation of this pyramid  is to reduce hair loss. As we all know,   hair follicles that are congested with  dirt and sebum lead to hair fall. So It's   all about keeping that scalp squeaky clean  with the appropriate products. Remember,   you can refer back to our previous section to find  the perfect match for your scalp type. But if you   notice your hair feeling greasy and sticking  together after using a particular product,   that's a big red flag waving at you – it  might not be the best fit for your scalp!   It's essential to be mindful of habits  that could lead to excess hair loss,   like wearing your hairstyle or hijab too tightly.  The constant pulling and tugging can cause your   hairline to recede over time. Instead, opt  for hairstyles that allow for a looser fit,   minimizing stress on your hair follicles. Your  scalp will thank you for it in the long run! Moving up to the second layer of our pyramid,  we're talking about regulating the condition of   your scalp. So, beyond just keeping it clean,  sometimes you need to give those problem areas   some extra TLC. Take, for instance, an oily scalp  – it might benefit from a deep cleanse using a   scalp scrub to clear out all that accumulated  gunk and dirt. Do this once a week. Now,   for those dealing with a dry scalp, a nourishing  scalp mask is your go-to. This helps replenish   moisture and can be a real lifesaver against  the drying effects of hard water or harsh   hair products. Again, weekly use is ideal to  help soothe and hydrate. And don't forget,   targeted scalp oils or serums can also work  wonders for those specific trouble spots. In the final phase of promoting hair growth, it's  crucial to first establish a solid foundation by   following the practices outlined in the bottom  two layers. Once you've done that, you can explore   various methods to stimulate hair growth. One  popular option is using hair serums or tonics,   which often contain ingredients like caffeine,  biotin, peptides, collagen, keratin, or vitamins   known to strengthen hair roots. Keep in mind that  there's no one-size-fits-all solution, so choose   a formula that suits your hair and scalp type,  as well as any skin sensitivities you may have. Alternatively, you might prefer natural  ingredients such as herbal or root extracts,   castor oil, rosemary oil, or jojoba oil.  Some studies suggest that essential oils   like rosemary oil can be as effective as  medicated topical products for regrowing   hair in certain cases. Additionally,  nutrient-rich oils like coconut oil,   argan oil, and olive oil can provide  essential fatty acids to nourish the scalp. Whichever option you choose, remember  to apply these hair tonics, serums,   and oils with a gentle massage using  fingers or a scalp massager. Massaging   the scalp improves blood circulation,  which can further support hair growth. For those seeking more effective and faster  results, an over-the-counter (OTC) medicated   topical treatment containing minoxidil (also known  as Rogaine) is often recommended by healthcare   providers to promote hair growth and enhance hair  thickness and density. When applied to the scalp,   minoxidil is believed to widen blood  vessels, thereby promoting blood flow to   hair follicles. This improved circulation  is thought to stimulate hair growth. However, it's important to consult your pharmacist  or doctor before using this product, as pregnant   or breastfeeding mothers are advised against  its use. Additionally, it's essential to note   that initial hair loss may occur after starting  minoxidil treatment, and visible results may only   be seen after this shedding phase. Furthermore,  discontinuing the use of minoxidil can halt its   hair growth-promoting effects, so consistent  use is necessary to maintain hair growth. Certain types of light therapy have shown promise   in encouraging hair growth  and reducing hair thinning. Utilizing low-level light therapy (LLLT) devices  at home has been found to stimulate scalp cells,   improve blood supply, reduce inflammation,  and promote hair regeneration. Studies have   indicated that light therapy can significantly  increase hair density after several weeks of   consistent use. If you have the budget and  are open to trying something new, it may be   worth giving light therapy a try. Just remember,  consistency is key to achieving the best results. Finally, consider incorporating oral  supplements into your routine to enhance   your overall well-being and support scalp health  from the inside out. Multivitamins, biotin,   collagen, and zinc are among the supplements  that have been associated with promoting healthy   hair growth and scalp condition. Adding  these supplements to your daily regimen   may provide additional support in your  journey towards healthier hair and scalp. Now, coming to Part 2. Let's  shift our focus to hair.   You've probably come across countless hair hacks  promising smooth, shiny locks, but the truth is,   none of them will work unless you truly  understand your hair. In this section,   we've prepared a short quiz to help you assess  the health status of your hair, determine its   porosity, and identify your specific curl type.  Armed with this knowledge, caring for your hair   becomes less of a guessing game and more like a  strategic approach to achieving your hair goals. Let's dive into the quiz! Before we  proceed with the quiz, it's important   to note that each question is advised to  be tested at a specific time frame. You   can refer to the bottom of the slide to  know when you should carry out the test. Remember to note down the number of As and Bs you  get for each question. Now, for question number 1:   Take a strand of hair from the outer layer  and another from the inner region. Do you   notice a difference in color between these  two strands? Mark A for yes and B for no. Question 2: When the weather gets wet or humid,   does your hair tend to become frizzy,  messy, or flat? A for yes, B for no. Question 3: Take a strand of hair  and wrap it around your fingers. Do   you observe a shine to your hair under the light? Question 4: Divide your hair into two halves  and run your fingers from the midsection of   your head towards the end. Are there any tangles  that stop your fingers from smoothing along? Question 5: Comb through your hair a  few times. Do you notice any breakage   or white dots along the hair shaft when combing? Question 6: Wet your hair  thoroughly and try to make   a knot. Does it loosen out when you release it? So, based on the number of A’s you tallied,   you can determine the current status of  your hair. If you didn't get any A's,   congrats! Your hair is in perfect condition  – smooth, shiny, and free from discoloration. If you got only 1 A, your hair might be  mildly damaged. You might notice some frizz,   split ends, and discoloration  between the inner and outer hair. For 2 to 3 A's, your hair suffers from medium  damage. It may feel coarse to the touch,   appear dull with a lack of  shine, and tangle easily. With more than 3 A's, your hair might be severely  damaged. It could be dry, frizzy, and prone to   split ends and tangling. Additionally, your  hair may break easily when you comb through it. Now, let's delve into the next test: the hair  porosity test. Porosity measures how well your   hair can absorb and retain moisture, indicating  how easily moisture can penetrate the hair shaft.   While largely determined by genetics,   external factors like heat and chemical  treatments can also influence hair porosity. To determine your hair porosity at home, there  are a few quick tests you can try. One popular   method is the Float Test. Simply gather some  clean strands of hair from your brush or comb.   Cut them to about 3 inches and drop them  into a glass of water. After a few minutes,   observe the results. If the hair strands float  on the top, you likely have low porosity hair;   if they sink all the way to the bottom,  your hair is likely high porosity. And   if they remain in the middle, your hair  is probably of medium porosity. Keep in   mind that while these tests provide helpful  insights, they may not yield precise results. Low porosity hair is characterized  by its resistance to moisture due to   closed hair cuticles, making it challenging  to penetrate with water or products. However,   once moisture is absorbed, it tends to stay  locked in, reducing the risk of dryness. Medium porosity hair, on the other hand, has  a more relaxed cuticle layer, facilitating a   balanced flow of moisture in and out. This type  of hair easily absorbs and retains moisture,   typically maintaining good health with  minimal damage from environmental factors. High porosity hair features gaps and openings  in the cuticle layer, allowing moisture to   enter and exit rapidly. This can result  in frizz and tangling in humid conditions,   as well as excessive dryness in arid climates.  Additionally, high porosity hair struggles to   retain moisture and is prone to damage from UV  exposure, heat styling, and chemical treatments. Coming to the last test, we identify what  your curly hair type is! In the realm of   hair classification, scientists have explored  categorizing curliness by assessing various   parameters of the hair fiber. This endeavour has  resulted in a system that assigns a numerical   value to hair types ranging from 1 to 4. In  this system, higher numbers denote curlier   hair with tighter coils, while lower numbers  indicate straighter hair with looser curls. To find out, you may want to sacrifice a few  hair strands by plucking them out off your head   while your hair is still wet. Lay them flat  against a white surface and watch them take   their natural shape while they air-dry. You  may identify with a few different patterns,   as all hair doesn't necessarily contain the  same type of curl consistently throughout. Hair curl types are categorized using a system  that combines a number and a letter. The number   indicates the level of curliness, ranging from  1 to 4, with higher numbers representing tighter   curls. The letter indicates the overall pattern  or texture of the hair within each curl category.   For example, Type 2 hair has some waves and is  labeled as A, B, or C based on the texture of   those waves. Hair Type 2A has loose waves, 2B has  more defined waves, and 2C has waves that verge on   being curly. Similarly, Type 3 hair has loose  curls (as 3A), medium curls (as 3B), or tight   curls (as 3C), and Type 4 hair has tightly  coiled patterns ranging from 4A to 4C,   with 4A being looser coils and 4C being  tightly coiled or kinky. This system helps   individuals identify their unique hair texture  and choose appropriate styling and care methods. So, by conducting these 3 tests,  you can identify the health status,   porosity, and curl type of your hair.  This information will guide you in   choosing the right steps and products  to effectively care for your hair. Now take down your results and we  will proceed to the next section. Healthy hair is measured by five dimensions:  shine, softness, smoothness, strength,   and bounciness. To understand how to achieve  these qualities, it's important to know the   structure of the hair strand, which corresponds  to these different dimensions and hair porosity. The hair shaft consists of three layers: the  cuticle, the cortex, and the medulla. The cuticle,   also known as the capillary cortex, is  the outermost layer. When the cuticle is   moderately damaged, hair looks less smooth  and shiny (impacting shine and smoothness),   becoming frizzy and rough to the touch  (affecting softness). The second layer,   the cortex, determines the shape, thickness,  and elasticity of the hair. Damage to the   cortex affects the overall health of  the hair, impacting its elasticity and   resilience (which corresponds to the other  two dimensions, bounciness and strength). First of all, we need to address bad  habits that negatively impact the five   dimensions of healthy hair. As you  go through the following habits,   see if any of them sound familiar—they might  be why your hair isn't looking its best. Number 1: Not combing your hair before washing  it. Ensure your hair is tangle-free before   washing. This helps your shampoo foam up better  and reduces friction between your hair strands,   which can decrease hair falling and breakage. Number 2: Towel-drying your hair by rubbing it  vigorously. When your hair is wet, the cuticles   are open, making the hair more susceptible to  damage from friction. Rubbing your hair with   a towel can harm the cuticles, causing your hair  to lose its shine and become coarse to the touch. The correct way should be  either patting your hair dry,   or gently wrap the towel around your  hair and squeeze it to absorb the water. Number 3: Holding your blow dryer too close  to your scalp is another common mistake. The   high heat can accelerate moisture loss,  causing damage to the ends of your hair,   increasing porosity, and leading  to dry, split ends. The correct   distance from your scalp should be  15 to 20 cm (6 to 8 inches) away. Number 4: Not using heat protectant on  your hair can cause it to become dry,   frizzy, and discolored. The high heat from  styling tools damages the cuticles and the   natural moisture barrier of your hair, leading  to significant deterioration in hair quality. Number 5: Not drying your hair thoroughly before  going to sleep is also problematic. As mentioned,   hair cuticles are more open when wet, making them  more susceptible to breakage and loss of shine   due to friction from tossing and turning on your  pillow. Besides that, the moist environment of wet   hair creates a breeding ground for bacteria and  fungi, which is harmful to your hair's health.So,   remember to dry your hair completely  before you go to get your beauty sleep! Lastly, the same principle applies when you  go out with wet hair. Wet hair and scalp   receive double the UV exposure compared to  your face. Harsh sunlight can thin the cuticle,   making your hair more prone to  breakage and discoloration. So,   make sure your hair is completely  dry before heading out! To properly care for your hair, it's  essential to have a solid hair care   routine. This ensures that every  strand of your hair is well taken   care of. Now, let’s walk through the  correct step-by-step hair care routine,   starting from washing and conditioning to  applying hair oil, drying, and styling. First, always begin your washing routine  by combing through your hair to detangle   all the knots. Remember to comb  from the bottom up. This makes   the washing process smoother and more effective. Wet your hair thoroughly for a few minutes.  Next, lather the shampoo in your hands   until it foams up, then massage  it into your scalp. You can refer   to the hair washing techniques we  discussed earlier for more details. Rinse your hair and scalp thoroughly with  water. Once you've rinsed out the shampoo,   don't go applying conditioner or mask right  after when your hair is still dripping wet.   That'll just rinse it right out before it  can penetrate! Instead, gently press out the   excess water - no vigorous rubbing or twisting  since that'll just rough up your cuticles even   more when they're open like that. You can  lightly towel press too if that's easier. Now, grab your hair conditioner or mask,  and use an appropriate amount for your hair   length and volume. For short hair, about  one pump is enough; for mid-length hair,   use one and a half pumps; and for long  hair, use two pumps. Rub the conditioner   in your palms to distribute it evenly.  Apply it to the ends of your hair first,   since they are drier and more prone to damage,  then work your way up to the mid-shaft,   avoiding the scalp. Press the conditioner  along your hair to ensure better absorption. Wait about five minutes for the  conditioner to work its magic,   then rinse it out thoroughly with running water. Next, dry your hair with a  towel. As mentioned earlier,   avoid rubbing your hair vigorously with the  towel as it can easily cause damage. Instead,   pat your hair dry, or gently wrap the towel around  your hair and squeeze it to absorb the water. Once your hair is towel-dried  using the proper technique,   you're ready for oils and serums.  But did you know the application   technique and timing are everything when  it comes to getting the most out of these? The technique depends on the  health status of your hair. If your hair is severely damaged—dry, frizzy, and  lifeless from over-bleaching or processing—apply   hair serum twice in your routine. First, before  drying your hair to reduce heat damage. This locks   in moisture by smoothing the cuticle layer,  so the dryer won't strip away the remaining   moisture. The second application is after  blow-drying to smooth out frizz and add shine. For medium-damaged hair, which tangles  easily, lacks shine, and breaks easily,   also apply hair oil twice. First,  when your hair is 50% dry, and second,   when it’s 80-90% dry. The second application is  optional, depending on how frizzy your hair is. For healthy or mildly damaged hair, apply  hair oil once when your hair is 80-90% dry. So there’s no one-size-fits-all approach!  It all depends on your hair condition. As for the application method itself,  rub the oil between your palms first,   and then distribute it evenly over your palms  and fingers. Then use your hands like a comb,   smoothing and raking the oil through from  roots to ends. This ensures every strand   is coated without that greasy buildup  you get from just plopping oil on top. Proper timing and technique can make all  the difference - ingredients only make up   about 30% of the results you see! The other  70% is making sure you're setting your hair   up for maximum absorption and sealing in those  benefits. A little extra care goes a long way! It's important to know the correct way to dry  your hair when using a hairdryer. Drying your   hair improperly can result in stripping  excess moisture, tangling and hair fall. You may blow-dry your hair in 2 ways. The first method is blow drying from the top of  your head. Ensure the airflow is directed towards   the ends of your hair. This way, you dry the scalp  and roots first for quicker overall drying. If you   start from the ends, water will keep dripping down  from the top, making the process longer. Then,   gradually work your way down to the ends until  your hair is 80 to 90 percent dry. You can also   use hair oil or serum during the blow-drying  process, based on the timing suggested in the   earlier section. Continue to blow dry in the  same manner until your hair is completely dry. The second method is blow-drying with your  hair forward.This method is suitable for   beauties with thin, flat hair as it helps  your hair look more voluminous and fluffy.  Start by flipping your hair forward and  blow-drying the back of your head. Use warmer air   to remove excess water from your scalp. Move to  the next section once the current area feels dry. Switch to cooler air, and flip  your hair to each side to blow   dry the scalp. Blow dry in the opposite  direction of your hair's natural growth   to make your roots stand taller and  appear poofier. Continue dividing and   flipping your hair to the opposite  side to dry each section thoroughly. You can apply another coat of  hair oil to finish off. Finally,   comb through your hair, and you're good to go! Now for all my curly-haired beauties out there,   we've got some extra tips when it comes  to drying those luscious ringlets. Those of you with looser waves or curls in the  type 3 range as well as my 4C curl queens with   tight coils and zig-zags - the first rule is  the same. Aggressive towel drying is a major   no-no as it will just create a frizzy mess and  disrupt your gorgeous curl pattern. Instead,   gently blot or press the towel to remove excess  moisture without rubbing or twisting your strands. For beauties with type 3 curls,  you have a couple drying options.   Either let your hair air dry to allow those  pretty curls to form naturally, or use a   diffuser attachment on your blow dryer if you're  in a hurry. Before drying, apply a styler like a   mousse or curl cream to help encourage and set the  curl pattern. Gently cup and scrunch sections as   you diffuse to enhance definition, avoiding  too much friction from the diffuser itself. And for those tiny, delicate type 4 coils, air  drying really is ideal to allow each one to   form without disturbance. If you must blow dry,  use a diffuser on the coolest setting possible,   constantly moving it in a cupping motion  around your head. Applying a rich leave-in   conditioner or curl cream beforehand is  key to locking in moisture and maintaining   definition. Take your time and avoid excessive  manipulation - those tight coils are fragile! Along with using the right techniques for  your hair type, there are some other simple   habits you can adopt to really take  your hair health to the next level. First up, UV protection. We have  mentioned about it in the previous   section, so we are pretty sure you  know the importance of doing so! Second, no matter the condition of your hair,  using a heat protectant is a must before applying   any hot styling tools. Heat protectants act  as a barrier between your hair and the heat,   protecting it from burning, drying  out, and becoming dull. You can   use any heat protectant, whether it's a  hair oil, mist, or leave-in conditioner,   to prevent high temperatures from  stripping moisture from your hair. Next, let's talk about protecting your  hair overnight. If you toss and turn a lot,   all that friction against a cotton  pillowcase can cause major breakage   and frizz by morning. Do your hair a favor  and swap out for a satin or silk pillowcase   or bonnet. This sleek material allows your  hair to glide smoothly without snagging or   pulling. It also helps hair retain moisture  instead of getting soaked up by cotton. A simple switch that makes a big difference! Speaking of less friction and protecting your  strands, have you tried embracing some heatless   curl styling methods? Putting down those hot  tools even a couple days a week gives your hair   a well-deserved break from high heat damage. Some  cute options are using rollers, using curl formers   or rods for ringlets, braiding for texture, or  my personal favorite - the viral sock or heatless   curler set on tiktok for that natural wavy look.  You can look for tutorials online to achieve it! Last but not least, get regular hair trims. Regular hair trims may seem like an  unnecessary expense or inconvenience,   but they are essential for maintaining  healthy and beautiful hair. Trimming your hair helps it grow longer  and healthier. By cutting off split ends   and damaged hair, you stimulate  new growth and prevent breakage. Hair experts suggest scheduling  a trim every 8 to 12 weeks,   though the intervals may vary depending  on your hair's health and length. Shorter hair may need a haircut every three  to four weeks. Damaged hair should be trimmed   more frequently, about every six weeks. If a monthly haircut isn’t in your budget   or you’re aiming to keep your hair long,  enhance your at-home hair care routine   with products that target damaged strands.  Ultimately, find a balance that works for you. The choices are just limitless when it comes  to exploring different ways to care for your   hair! You can mix and match to find the  routine that best suits your lifestyle,   preferences, and unique hair type. One of the most important things to get right in  your hair care routine is using products that are   properly matched to your hair's porosity level.  Getting this wrong can lead to moisture issues,   damage, and disappointing results. If you have low porosity hair with cuticles   that resist moisture, look for lightweight,  water-based products that won't weigh down   or coat the hair. Key ingredients to look for  include humectants like glycerin, aloe vera,   and honey that help attract and retain hydration.  Lightweight oils like argan and grapeseed can also   draw moisture into those tight cuticles. Use clarifying shampoos or low-poo   cleanser occasionally to prevent  buildup on low porosity strands.   A "low poo" cleanser is a type of shampoo that  is formulated with fewer harsh chemicals and   sulfates compared to traditional shampoos.  The term "low poo" stands for "low shampoo,"   indicating that it is a gentler alternative  designed to cleanse the hair without stripping   it of its natural oils. And stick to lightweight,   protein-free rinse-out conditioners as heavy  creams can't penetrate low porosity hair.  As product build-up happens more likely in  low porosity hair, when deep conditioning,   apply heat like a steamer or hood dryer - this  helps briefly raise and open the cuticle so the   moisturizing ingredients can penetrate better. For those with medium porosity levels, gentle,   sulfate-free shampoos will cleanse without  stripping moisture. Incorporate periodic   use of richer, deep conditioning treatments  every week or two to replenish hydration.   Hydrating leave-in milks and creams are  great for day-to-day moisture maintenance.  A wide range of balanced, moisturizing shampoos  and conditioners are great options. When it   comes to key ingredients, look for a mix  of humectants like honey, shea butter,   and oils such as coconut, jojoba, or avocado  oil to help attract and seal in hydration.  Now for high porosity hair where moisture  easily escapes those raised, porous cuticles,   look for anti-humectant stylers like  gels that help control frizz. Rich,   creamy, emollient-rich conditioners are best  to seal in hydration. Leave-in conditioners can   also help maintain moisture throughout the day. When it comes to key ingredients for high porosity   hair, products with proteins like hydrolyzed  wheat, silk or keratin can help strengthen and   rebuild damaged areas. Heavier oils and butters  (like castor oil, olive oil or shea butter)   create an occlusive layer to smooth and seal  the cuticle, reducing frizz and moisture loss.  Be sure to regularly use deep conditioning  treatments packed with these reconstructing   proteins to repair porous strands from the  inside out. And apply hair oils, butters or   heavy creams as the last step to seal the deal. No matter if you're low, medium or high porosity,   the key is using products designed to help  moisture properly absorb into the hair strand   or create a protective sealant layer to  prevent dehydration. Match your routine   to your porosity needs for stronger,  smoother, longer-lasting hydration. In the end, it's crucial to identify the  root cause behind your scalp and hair issues.  Once you understand your scalp  type and its unique needs, you   can tackle the problems with the right products  and techniques tailored specifically for you.  Establishing a solid cleansing  routine is paramount to ensure   your scalp stays clean and healthy. Don't neglect basic hair care fundamentals like   protection from environmental stressors too. While results may not be immediate,   consistency is key. Stay dedicated to your hair regimen,   and your luscious locks will thank you in time. Share us your best hair tip in the comments!  Thank you so much for watching! We will see you in the next video. Goodbye!