Lecture on Thanksgiving Address and Haudenosaunee Culture

Introduction to Thanksgiving Address

• The Thanksgiving Address is referred to as O hondo gali hadeko in the Mohawk language.
• Commonly misunderstood as a simple "Thanksgiving Address" or an opening prayer.
• Literally means "in front of matters or issues of importance" — a speech said before discussing important matters.

Spiritual and Cultural Significance

• Used by the Haudenosaunee people (Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas) before council meetings, nation meetings, and grand councils.
• Acts to open and close these meetings, likened to a "sandwich" by Tom Porter's uncle.
• Used in various gatherings, including social dances and community meetings involving significant issues like children's education.

Importance in Haudenosaunee Life

• Considered the most sacred and important spiritual talk.
• Compared to a baby's conception and nurturing, providing foundational teachings and protection akin to a comforting blanket.
• Represents the foundation of existence and connection to the creator.

Creation Story and Spiritual Beliefs

• Origin story involves the Creator using earth and water to form humans, using fire and breath to bring them to life.
• The number three is sacred, used in rituals and teachings.
• Instruction from the Creator to respect the earth, waters, plants, and animals, forming a spiritual relationship with them upon a child's birth.

Example of Thanksgiving Address

• Detailed description of the ritual when a child is born — thanking the Creator, introducing the child to elements like Mother Earth, waters, gardens, animals, and more.
• Each element is addressed specifically, recognizing its significance and establishing a lifelong relationship with the child.

Cultural Transmission and Original Instructions

• Thanksgiving speech rooted in the original instructions given by the Creator to the first humans.
• Emphasizes the importance of maintaining these teachings and traditions for future generations.

The Two-Row Wampum

• First treaty made with the Dutch (1610-1620), known as Khashwantha or Goswate.
• Treaty symbolizes two equal partners (Dutch and Haudenosaunee) traveling on the same river in separate vessels — a ship and a canoe.
• Emphasizes non-interference and mutual respect.

Challenges and Modern Relevance

• Reflects on the historical neglect of these agreements by modern governments.
• Importance of renewal and honoring treaties in the contemporary context.

Conclusion

• Thanksgiving Address serves as a vital cultural and spiritual practice, preserving the Haudenosaunee worldview and strengthening relations with the natural world.
• The talks hope to inspire a reconnection with these indigenous teachings, blending them harmoniously with modern life.