to love a lot of beauty for the birthday Larabee at the end and we'll settle and become when you need the person harness in a manner that's una yahuwah and Mary Fatone when they killed Danny definite and indefinite let's start with an Aquila to Yanni indefinite malaya dunno Harlem wanyan in Winifred agency what does not denote anything specific of its species or Jean or type look at these examples we had in Morocco a woman president the man alimony the pen Medina torn a city was certain for family noticed that they owe are ending in a tanween sound own at the end Alma refer to the definite Madeleine a mahogany Menard is insane it's what denotes a specific member of its type Jean or species and there are different categories of what we consider it to be definite and havoc so look at them with me at the my pronouns the pronoun like Anna I for example okie therapy if you notice the yeah that's been attached at the end of Catan meaning my book that makes those words definite alum Yanni proper names of people and places are also considered definite for our team Alton Oh George I don't mean us marijuana its militia Lottie these are demonstrative pronouns and they're considered in Arabic to be definite as well for example had that for this masculine singular and theta4 that feminine singular and this moon moon these are the relative pronouns for example Olivia Letty meaning who or that or which these are also considered to be definite and Mahara foo will any for let that which is preceded by elephant lamb and we can distinguish clearly as definite was there there too so by having the other flama in the beginning it makes it definite and Medina notice it's no longer having the tanween at the end that's having only one vowel and model for Allah manifesting sometimes you can combine nouns in Arabic in any Java form meaning X of Y now if you put guitar both farley be even though the word kapap doesn't have a alif laam a pearly b which is part of the structure makes it definite another example is so full our ability and literally you say in the class of arabic so even though the word class doesn't have an islam al arabiya t makes it definite now the last category is Nikita comida you do not have an alif laam after you call somebody by using the year the year in Arabic is evocative device with which we call people or we address them so you say you have to love the azubu dari Fuu Jin said jumping now let's look at some of these words and look how you know it is treated also in definiteness and make a distinction between these examples here Keith Urban is indefinite a book a neatly terrible as alif laam that's the book and al-kitab ooh now is books it doesn't have the verb in front of it in English but in Arabic because it is ginseng Jemma it describes the group or a general concept we use any flam with it we do not leave it without a pronoun in the beginning not that look at the examples that we have here our own kotoba meaning I read books look at these other examples and feel at all Oh Cara al adhim manager at aerial history a new food a CSA to politics a semi-cool fish whether alumina Sciences in all of these cases Arabic uses alif laam when English does not and Maha referred to one nakida to fill is more silver so let's take a look now at the definiteness and indefiniteness with nouns and adjectives look at the first two examples as suffle at the wheel as we said noun an adjective are agreeing indefiniteness now and it is a phrase it said the long class whereas sub form the Leland is indefinite and insane a long class in both of these cases will not make in a full sentence we are in the phrase if you make them disagree a soft full definite and tow a loan indefinite it becomes a sentence the class islam shah karim jazzile allant ibérico Guarico inshallah intercepted