Transcript for:
Rethinking Productivity and Work-Life Balance

If you're like me, you've probably had periods in your life where you romanticized working brutally long hours while surviving the intense suffering that comes with it. For me, it was starting my first business. I distinctly remember falling asleep with my laptop on my stomach only to wake up six hours later and immediately get back to work where I left off. In a world that glorifies hustle culture and emphasizes the grind, it's easy to make the assumption that hard work must fundamentally suck. It's not supposed to be fun, we're told.

After all, if it was easy, then everybody would fucking do it. But what if it didn't have to suck? What if it wasn't painful?

What if it was actually kind of fun? Today, I'm talking to Ali Abdaal, a former medical doctor turned YouTuber and author of the new book, Feel Good Productivity. Ali graduated near the top of his class at Cambridge and went into practicing medicine full-time in his 20s.

When he realized something both dumb and profound, that it wasn't very fun. So Ali decided to make it fun. And as a part of making it fun, he created a YouTube channel to share some of his ideas around making it fun.

Today, he has more than 5 million subscribers and runs one of the largest educational channels in the entire world. Ali has achieved incredible success in two of life's most intensely demanding and challenging domains. Yet, he claims that his success stems less from his hard work, and willingness to suffer, and more from his creativity and ability to make even the most intense drudgery fun. In this episode, we're going to talk about how productivity got its bad reputation, how most of the so-called productivity advice actually makes it worse. We'll discuss why working more hours isn't always more productive and how sometimes the most useful thing you can do is not work at all.

We'll hear Ali explain why the optimal number of distractions is actually not zero. and how he chooses goals in his life to make failure impossible. We'll also learn how the biggest thing holding most people back is that they actually take their work too seriously.

This episode is more than just a conversation. It's a journey into rethinking how we view work, time, and our lives. It's about breaking down the barriers of conventional productivity myths and discovering a path that leads to genuine happiness and balance.

But before we dive into the conversation, I have a small request. If you're tuning in today, please take a moment to leave a rating or a review for the podcast. Your support helps us grow and bring more content like this, along with more incredible guests like Ali. Plus, as a token of appreciation, if you send me a screenshot of your review of this podcast, you'll receive my exclusive 2024 life audit for free, just in time for the new year. The life audit takes you step-by-step through a process that I've personally used for over 10 years now to zero in on the most important values in my life so I know exactly what I wanna give a fuck about in the new year and what I don't.

You can learn more by going to markmanson.net slash audit, A-U-D-I-T. You just submit the screenshot of the review and we will automatically verify and send the PDF to you. Now, the audit will show you what goals are worth pursuing, and this episode will help you make that pursuit more enjoyable, thus increasing your chances of success.

So, without further ado, let's fucking get into it. Bro, do you even podcast? Like, bro.

This is the Subtle Art of Not Giving a Fuck Podcast with your host, Mark Manson. What do you think is the biggest thing most people... misunderstand about productivity? I think one of the big misconceptions about productivity is that it's about hustle, it's about grind, it's about work, work, work.

You know, people sometimes are like, oh, but like, don't you want to be unproductive some of the time and things like that? And I guess it's somewhat semantic because if people are defining productivity as efficiency of getting work done, then okay, I can see that. I think I choose to define productivity in a much more holistic sense.

To me, productivity is using your time in a way that's intentional. intentional and effective and enjoyable, ideally. And so to me, like, like, for example, this evening, I have an evening of alone time where I'm going to play Baldur's Gate 3 on my MacBook. And I might even go and get, pick up a gaming laptop for myself because I've been salivating over the Razer Blade 16 inch.

And there's a store in LA that has it in stock. And so I like to, that, that to me is productivity. It's using my time intentionally and effectively because I'm playing on hard difficulty and enjoyably because it's going to be fun. And having that one evening a week where I play video games.

video games to me is like, that's a dream. That's what I've been trying to optimize for my whole life. My 13 year old self would be, you know, having a field day. If you knew that this is, this is where I've, I've ended up where I can play video games. That to me is also productivity.

And I think if we expand out the definition, then we can, we can start applying the principles of productivity. Like, you know, the stuff that you and I talk about, the stuff that Tim Ferriss talks about, you can start applying the principles of productivity to anything in life. So I love optimizing my relationship and like using principles of productivity in my relationship.

It's like, how do we do this in a way that's more intentional and effective and enjoyable? And reading books about what makes relationships work and regular rituals and check-ins and routines. And we have a notion page for like our relationship reviews and have done for the last two and a bit years.

That is applying productivity to real life rather than just to work. And so I think people almost focus down too much on just the work thing or the how do I get better grades and not enough on, hang on, I'm learning a set of skills here. Let me just make my life better. I feel like people, there's a tendency to to fetishize suffering and sacrifice. You know, we tend to love hearing other people's stories of all the shit you went through, how much you struggled, all the setbacks you overcame.

Like that's very entertaining when it happens to other people. And we really admire that. And so I think we kind of romanticize that in ourselves. And we think to do something great, you have to struggle and suffer immensely and be miserable. force yourself through all sorts of awful shit.

So what I love about this is it's the first productivity book I've come across that treats emotions as one of the fundamental systems within an overall productivity framework. And this is something that I, like I would try to write this for years. I would try to explain to people that any sort of productivity problem is Fundamentally an emotional problem. Yeah. Like the reason, if you're not doing something, it's because you don't feel like doing it.

It's not, there's no, it's not a software issue. It's not like a lack of tools or it's not because you didn't get up early enough. It's because there's some sort of emotional resistance or anxiety that's preventing you from taking the right actions or modifying the behaviors you need to modify.

People don't like hearing that. They like hearing, they want the tool, they want the system, they want the morning routine. Why do you think that is?

Yeah, I think the emotional piece is so, like, I remember the first time I really came across the idea was reading Stephen Pressfield's The War of Art. And he calls it the resistance with a capital R. Yeah. And like, when I read that book, it just sort of hit me like a ton of bricks.

I was like, oh, my fucking God, like, this is this is the thing. Like, he's just describing in like this whole book exactly what I feel when I procrastinate. It's this resistance. And what it took for me to. kind of get over that was a recognition that the resistance is an internal emotional thing and almost treating myself like a system.

Whereas I think when it comes to kind of like, even hearing you say that right now, talking about emotions, like the part of me that was reading Lifehacker back in the day is like... thinking, oh, come on, emotions, like, what bullshit is this? Get over it.

And so many people I speak to, you know, there's that thing of, if I could just find the right tool, if I could just find the right technique, then I wouldn't procrastinate so much. Or if if I could just find the right meds for my ADHD or whatever the thing is. It seems to go in waves in terms of what people think the magic bullet is.

But fundamentally, it just comes down to this thing of you're unproductive because you don't feel like doing the thing. No one ever struggles with procrastination watching Netflix or hanging out with friends. That's not a thing. We struggle with procrastination when it comes to writing that blog post or studying for that exam or doing that slightly boring, annoying PowerPoint at work that we don't really want to or asking our manager for arrays.

The stuff that feels, we feel that resistance. And so part of the... Part of my goal with the book was to try and figure out, okay, cool. We know that's a thing.

So therefore, what are the tools that we can use to kind of treat emotions as... Something important, treat them sincerely rather than thinking of it as like, oh, I'm just a pussy because I'm not like grinding like David Goggins does or whatever the narrative sometimes are. I think it also kind of taps into, so I think the big epiphany for me that I had, I think I had it writing my second book.

So my attitude in my first book was very much, bro, you got to fucking grind. You got to suffer. You know, you did nine hours yesterday. Let's do 10 today. Let's finish two chapters this month.

And I noticed that it started to backfire, that essentially I would get four really, really good high quality hours out of myself. And then every hour past that would be low quality or it would be a very mediocre output. And then I realized that when you're writing a book, mediocre output is actually worse than no output because you have to go back and either heavily edit and revise it, which is just adding work for yourself.

Or... You have to make a bunch of very difficult decisions of whether to cut it, delete it, and so on. So I had this weird realization, probably way too late, that at least in the context of book writing, four really effective hours was actually more productive than 10 moderately effective hours. And when that unlocked for myself, I started wondering where else that applied. And my life where else in my life do am i is that the production curve actually not only is there diminishing returns but it's actually turning negative at a certain point i i totally vibe with this i think i i'm always on the lookout for areas of my life that have that diminishing return sort of kind of where the curve goes down down afterwards i'm also always on the lookout for areas where there's kind of compounding returns.

Like for example, but things like starting a YouTube channel, the difference between making one video a week and making two videos a week, it's actually, it's a step change because if you're able to do two videos a week, you have twice as many chances for one of them to pick up. And generally putting twice as much effort into a single video does not, again, depending on the channel, doesn't yield as much value as putting... that effort into two different videos. And so there comes a point where maybe it takes you 20 hours a week to do one video, but you could do 30 hours to get two videos.

And actually, that extra 10 hours then unlocks an extra step change in output, which then improves your odds at succeeding in the thing rather than diminishes your odds at succeeding on the thing. And so I think there are some areas of life where we have the diminishing returns and others where we have the compounding. But I think they're far more where we have the diminishing than the compounding. Yeah. And like balance is good.

It's like all writers ultimately arrive at the four hour number as well. Sure. Like I've yet to meet a writer who writes any more than four hours. Yeah, right. Or has done it for a long time who has landed on a number more.

for it seems to be a thing yeah well i think there have been a lot of studies too on uh just your average worker laborer it's the vast majority of their productivity comes in the first four or five hours when they do studies on how much people get done in like the corporate world hours five through eight it's not much and then if even the first four hours are like filled with multitasking and distractions and like oh grabbing a coffee with someone here and there and yeah the whole day goes pop goes by and you know i i have this these days where the whole day will go by and be like I've written maybe 300 words and I was aiming for a thousand today. Like, how did I write 300 words in eight hours? Like, what the hell?

Like, how did this happen? And it turns out because, well, distractions and lack of focus and, you know, all the things that everyone struggles with. Do you think the optimal number of distractions is zero? Do you think this concept that we're talking about of how having that day to just play video games and let your brain wander, does that also apply on a micro basis with, say, checking your phone? Yeah, we found a really cool study about this that's in the book.

And weirdly, there's a graph and it's sort of like an N-shaped graph. You know, there was a study, I think it was, you know, they got people to solve a Sudoku and also to like, in a different tab, do some other puzzle and also in a different tab, do some other puzzle. And they looked at like, you know, they were allowed to switch between the puzzles and they found that there was actually a sweet spot that like some amount of switching between tasks is actually good for you rather than the traditional narrative, which is that you must focus on one thing at a time and exclusively that one thing at a time. And so there is, there does seem to be some kind of, some kind of optimal number.

So, so, you know, this is why, like, if I'm, if I'm working on something and someone will come along and talk to me, I don't really let it phase me. I think of these as welcome distractions in a way. If I get a notification of like some news site that I wasn't really, I didn't really care about, and that derails me, that to me is an unwelcome distraction.

But one thing I used to do at university is prop my door open at all times with a little shoe door stopper thing. And so if a friend would come by and disturb me and distract me for a few minutes. That to me is a great thing. Like the point of university is to hang out with friends, not really to study.

And maybe I was marginally less efficient or less productive. But like those hallway conversations sometimes led to hangouts, led to plans, led to interesting things. Like that's kind of the point of life.

So I'm all about trying to find ways to leave the door open or like work in a communal area or something that allows surface area for serendipity when it comes to interactions with people. Interesting. Yeah, I used to be one of those people who was a little bit religious.

I went through a phase, I should say. of maybe three years that I was very religious about those blocker apps that like block out social media and news sites and, you know, all the riffraff that you try to avoid on a day-to-day basis. And I guess, I don't know, a year or two ago, I just kind of came to a conclusion that it was Well, to the core premise of your book, it was, I was feeling bad.

You know, I was almost like over-invested in being hyper-productive all the time. And so at some point, I just turned them all off. And I'm like, well. I'll turn them on if it's ever a problem.

And 90% of the time, it's not really a problem. What you said there really resonates with me because I'll change it if it's a problem. Yeah. I think that's just a pretty chill way to approach life.

I'll change it if it's a problem. So you've achieved two things that are very difficult to do. You've become a doctor and you've become a successful YouTuber. Those are also two completely different things. One is a very creative, entrepreneurial pursuit.

One is a... Very traditional, bury your head in the books, memorize a million things. You know, what are the skills that cross over between those two things?

Two things. Number one is an ability to stick with it for long enough. And number two is, I think, the ability to teach. Okay. One of the things that, you know, medicals...

applicants often say in their interviews is that, you know, when they ask, why do you want to be a doctor? You know, there's a phrase, a doctor is a teacher. Like you're trying to break things down, you're trying to understand things, you're trying to explain to patients, but you're also trying Explain them to your colleagues, you're trying to, you know, running them by a senior, you're trying to break some things down in an explainable way. You're also kind of teaching the people, the juniors below you. It's a very teaching-y type thing.

And so I think that's a skill set that I've had for most of my life. I would always be the guy helping kids out with their homework. And I did private tutoring when I was younger as a way of making money off the internet. Being a medical student, being a doctor, I would always try my best to teach the people who are younger than me.

And when my YouTube channel started, it wasn't an educational channel. I actually started making musical song covers and I wanted to be the next Kurt Schneider and Boyce Avenue and these sort of YouTube cover artists that would, you know, sing covers of popular songs. So the first like five or six videos are still there and it's those sorts of videos like no one cared i have no musical talent some of my friends were good at singing i was like yeah i'm gonna learn to play the guitar i'm gonna be a big youtuber but it was only when i started actually using the fact that i was pretty good at teaching and making educational videos that things started to take off and so i think like fundamentally like i don't think i would have been successful as a mr beast or as an air rack or as a ryan trahan or someone who's making more entertainment inspiring type content but i managed to do well by being like right guys today we're going to talk about five ways to do well in your b-map you medical school entrance exam boom it was what i need so that i think was a big a big part of overlap but i think the other thing that both medical school and being a youtuber teach you is the ability to just stick with it for long enough like like medical school in the uk is six years where for the first three years at least in cambridge you don't see any patients so you have no like real world contact with real people you're just in the books learning the science memorizing tedious pathways and stuff and again finding a way to make it fun was the real hack for me even when i was in medical school similarly youtube most channels don't to succeed unless you consistently make videos every week for like two years.

And then at that point you start benefiting from the compounding and then you become an overnight success and all that stuff. Sure. And I think that is, you know, the, the skill of faith and patience, faith that something good will happen and patience to stick at it long enough to make it happen. And honestly, I think it all comes back down to feel good productivity. If you find a way to make your work feel good, you're more likely to be patient with it for two years.

If it doesn't feel good, you're like, fuck, why isn't my view, you know, why isn't, why isn't my YouTube channel blowing up after a month? And obviously that's not going to work. It also helps solve that conundrum of how do you know when to stick with it and how do you know when to quit and give up and stop chasing a pipe dream. And it's. If you love it, then who cares?

Exactly, yeah, it's fun. You're doing it for intrinsic reasons rather than extrinsic reasons. A reason, you're doing it for the sake of the thing itself rather than the outcome that you're getting from the thing. That's why I love what you said to me over lunch the other day. If it's not fun, I'm not going to do it.

And I was like, yes! That is a great place to be once you're already successful. Until you're successful, I think the reframing is, I need to find a way to make it fun. Otherwise I'm not going to do it.

Yeah. Well, you know, what's funny about me is I think I had that early in my career. And I think it's a big reason of why I became successful because I was always just very, I was very similar to you.

I was very uncompromising about what I would write, the way I would write it, the particular tone or style, the subjects I would address. And I think I, part of what kind of fucked me up after subtle art became so popular was just. Very big, impressive corporations, name brands, celebrities, you know, all these people started interacting with me and wanting to do projects with me.

And I didn't feel that liberty to, I was like, oh man, I'm, I'm doing a feature film with universal pictures. Like I can't fuck this up. You know, like I can't say these things.

And, and I think I lost touch with that for a number of years. And as your book correctly points out, I got burnt out. Because that's what happens when you stop having fun with something. If you're not completely aligned with why you're doing something, you lose the joy and you lose the momentum that keeps you going through the hard times.

I want to ask you really quick, while we're talking about medicine versus YouTube, how is the production function different between creative work and say, kind of rote memorization, studying science, learning? All of it is creative work. All of it. This is another thing that students always get wrong. This is my biggest piece of advice for a lot of students.

Sometimes you do have to rote memorize the Krebs cycle. And one way to do that is to just continue to drill it again and again. The other way of doing it is to create a mnemonic or something fun or a cool way of thinking about it. And so actually, before starting medical school, I read...

Loads of books about memory and like the like world champion memory people who like memorize decks of cards and 18,000 digits of pie and all that shit. Yeah. And basically all of them were like, yeah, you just need to create a really strong association, like a strong visual association in your mind.

And the more absurd that association is, the more likely you are to learn the thing. And so even now, like when me and my medic friends get together, we'll like joke about the ways that we used to memorize things. like, oh, isoniazid gives you peripheral neuropathy because isoniazid, the drug sounds kind of like ISIS and ISIS famously chop your hands off if you do bad things.

It's like, imagine like peripheral neuropathy is like isoniazid or like, I don't know, ethambutol is sort of makes your wee orange because etham has the word ham in it. And if you think ham, it's sort of like pink and pink is sort of like orange. So it's like, you get like orange, orange wee.

And that was how me and most of my friends got through the rote memorization medical school, which is a highly creative task. Or like making cool mnemonics to like memorize all 12 cranial nerves. Like, you know, there's various rude versions of them.

It's like on, on, on they traveled and found various something and horcruxes. It's like gives you all the nerves of the face and stuff. It's like shit like that that makes it fun. It's a creative act.

Finding a way to, another kind of tip if any students listening to this. to categorize things. You know, hematology is like, you know, the study of the blood is like a huge field.

But like, if you look at all 100 conditions in hematology, you can basically categorize them into three things. Great. That simplifies it. Now, within those three things, you've got categories of like four things.

And the textbooks won't tell you this because they're sorted in fucking alphabetical order for no reason. So you just have to like look at the shit and be like, okay, what's a sensible categorization of this? Oh, great.

There's like anemia, there's malignant heme, and there's like a non-malignant heme. Great. So there's three categories, bang, bang, bang, tree structures.

And it's also creative and also fun. And now when I speak to medical students, the ones who are like, oh man, medical school is such a grind, but once I be a doctor, it's going to be fun. I'm always like, oh, we need to talk.

Because if you're finding medical school a grind where going into the hospital is optional, you are not going to find being a doctor fun where suddenly going into work is no longer optional. And I will always try. encourage students find a way to make whatever you're studying feel good find a way to make it fun because that is an attitude that will help you learn the thing better and also make me and you're less stressed and also make you enjoy life more yeah i'm just like massively it's remarkable that you still have the recall all that stuff you know 10 years visual visual yeah the fun thing for me i i find it in my own life particularly useful around fitness and health because like most people i think i found fitness to be Just a fucking bummer. I'm struggling with this right now.

Like, help me, help me figure this out. Yeah, so it's, the thing that unlocked it, and I'm not a huge CrossFitter, but I visited a couple CrossFit classes and it completely, I mean, it's like the first section of your book could basically just be kind of a guide to like why CrossFit works because they gamify everything. They put you in teams and they track scores and help you, you know, try to best get new PRs and do all this stuff. And- It was the first time, you know, my associations with fitness and working out, it was always this drudgery.

It was like, oh, well, yeah, I'm doing this today because I don't want to fucking die when I'm 60. You know, all the stuff that you read about, or I want to lose 10 pounds before summer. And it never felt good. It was never fun. It felt like an obligation. It felt like a chore.

It felt like a lot of it was shame driven or judgment driven. And then I went to some of those CrossFit classes and I had the hardest workouts of my life. Like I was literally laying on the floor, you know, like world swirling above me, barely remaining conscious. And, uh, and I'm like giggling with how much fun I had.

And it was such an epiphany to me of just like, turn it into a game, turn it into a little competition with yourself, invite friends over. Like I used to be so rigid and structured about like a workout program, right? Like I'd go, I'd go online and find like this, oh, this is the workout program that's going to help you build 10 pounds of muscle in the next three months. And I'm like, oh man, I got to do this.

I got to like show up every day. And again, back to that point of, you know, I used to think you had to hit every workout exactly the way it's listed at exactly the day that you're supposed to do it. And I realized like, If you miss a day or if you have to push it back a day or maybe a friend is coming into town and he's got a workout program, you're going to do it together or maybe like he likes to run.

So maybe I go running with him instead of my workout that day. It keeps it fun and interesting and novel and that keeps the motivation going. It keeps the excitement going. Tracking was another. Huge unlock for me.

I never tracked my workouts in the past I was just kind of again I would download some list off the internet and just like follow it to a tee like a fucking robot and And when I got a tracking app and I started putting in all my lifts and all my weights and how many reps I did of everything, and every single week when I open up that app, when I start my workout, I'm like, okay, last week I did three sets of eight at this weight. Today I'm going to try to do three sets of nine and see if I can do it. And that just that little bit of competition with myself gets me through that set, gets me excited about it. When I hit it, it feels good.

Yeah, it's been it's been incredibly profound. And it's again, it's one of those fucking obvious things like and I hate shit like this because it's it's when you have to take your own medicine. Like it's like it's the advice that you've written about for years and you never applied in your own life. But it's. It's been really transformative the past couple of years, for sure.

So I've been struggling with motivation or consistency on the fitness front for literally years. And it was, again, when I was reading the audiobook for this a few months ago, I was like... My god, like literally I have not thought about applying this principle to fitness.

Yeah. And just like find a way to make it feel good and if you've tried all the things and it doesn't then like change it up and try something else. Yes. So I've been thinking in the back of my mind I really want to try CrossFit because there's so many examples from CrossFit of like how they use all these strategies and stuff.

Yes. And I've yet to try CrossFit. I didn't stick with CrossFit.

I actually found CrossFit too intense. Which a lot of people run into that issue and a lot of people get injured and things like that. What I noticed when I was doing CrossFit is I would go so hard that I would feel exhausted for the next 48 hours. And it actually dampened my energy because I was overexerting. So in many ways, it's almost like the problem with CrossFit is it's too effective.

It like gets you going too hard. It is such a worthwhile experience just to go experience the community. The community is amazing. People are, they're so positive there. Like it's very.

doesn't matter. Like there'll be a dude next to you who's lifting 400 pounds and you're like struggling to get the bar off the ground. And people are cheering for you just as hard as they're cheering for that guy.

There's like no judgment. Everybody's super positive. So nice.

Thumbs up CrossFit. Yeah. I would absolutely check it out.

So this is something that comes up a lot with my readers and fans. And I'm curious. It just occurred to me that there might be an analog in the productivity world as well. But over the years, I've come to the conclusion that in the self-help personal development space, there's actually secretly two separate categories that are going on. And I think a lot of people get them mixed up.

The first one is advice that takes you from bad to okay. So it's like, if you're depressed, here are some things you can do to help you not be so depressed. But then there's also advice that takes you from okay to great.

you know, if you're just kind of a normal person going about their life, but you want to do something really amazing and special, here are four things that you can try to like make your life way more effective. And, and I find there's so much confusion in my world and readers and people who follow other people in this, in this space, they see the bad to okay advice and they mistake it from okay for okay to great advice. They'll be like, oh, well that's obvious.

Like everybody knows that. I'm like, well, yeah, it's not meant for you. It's meant for the guy who can't get off the couch.

Or it's okay to grade advice, but it's misconstrued by people being like, well, that's not going to help me get over my crippling anxiety. I can't even do this or that. I wonder if there's an analog in the productivity space, because a lot of what we're talking about is mitigation. It's almost like... mitigating unproductivity rather than maximizing productivity.

It's like making sure you're not falling below 80% rather than killing yourself trying to get to 99%. I really like this. I've not thought of it in this way, but I think there are definitely analogs.

One thing that comes to mind is bad to okay. is often about the basic obvious things and often about the hardware like sleep exercise nutrition totally if you're depressed it's like you know people have done the studies on this sleeping eight hours a night doing some exercise every single day seeing having some social contact and like about it and like eating well it's like that that solves like 80 percent of it it's like whatever so for someone who's depressed worrying about you know maximizing the typing speed or keyboard shortcuts or batching and all that shit that we have to talk about like it's kind of meaningless but to go from okay to great you still have to have the basics done because the basics will derail you immediately yeah like you can have the best productivity hacks in the world but if you're sleeping three hours a night obviously it's not going to work yeah and so you have to do the basics well the basic fundamentals the boring fundamentals and then you can start adding stuff on top of that but recognizing that like i think That point you made at the start, the people with billion-dollar businesses are not really working that much harder than the people with million-dollar businesses, even though there's a huge difference between billion and a million. They're just playing different chess moves. And so I think going from okay to great is often about finding the right chess moves rather than really about working harder. Because if you have the basic fundamentals and you're operating at 80% and you find an area of the market where your business will just...

100x by default by virtue of being in that market, like trying to sell to people with money rather than trying to sell to broke students. You could do the same amount of work and still play video games and still have a great life, but also make tons and tons of money. And so those are now the stories that I look for and I enjoy.

I don't really vibe with stories of like, oh my God, I struggled so much and I suffered so much. I love the stories where someone's like, you know what? I was working on this for a few years. It was really fun. I had a really balanced life, spent time with my friends and family, played some video games, and also the thing was successful.

I love that shit. I'm like, great. That is the person we should aspire to be rather than Muhammad Ali who's like, I suffered every day for 10 years and it was worth it to become a champion.

Most of us, I don't think wanna suffer for 10 years just to become a champion. Have you read the new Elon Musk book? I have not. It's on my Audible at the moment.

It is a wild ride. It is an absolute wild ride. He is everything you expect times 10. But it's funny because he is totally that person.

I was actually surprised how few takeaways there are from the book. Because I don't think what he does is reproducible at all. Or if you tried to reproduce it, you would make yourself so miserable that I'm not sure you would even want to do that. Like he is that guy who is 18 hours a day on the factory floor screaming at people.

Yeah. Like involving himself in every little. decision and it you could see he's like not a happy person yeah he describes entrepreneurship as like chewing glass or something yeah and i've never felt like entrepreneurship is chewing glass but obviously i'm not trying to get people no more i'm just trying to build up you're just making youtube videos trying to build a lifestyle trying to make time to play video games hang out hang out with people in la um and so yeah Different strands of entrepreneurship. One gets you to Mars, the other one gets you a couple of YouTube videos. But one leads to what I would describe, you know, I'd recommend entrepreneurship for a lot of people.

Elon Musk would not recommend his branch of entrepreneurship for almost anyone. No, and he actively doesn't actually. There's a great moment in the book where, I don't know, he goes through like some crazy drama at SpaceX, loses his mind, and then immediately has to get on a plane and fly to Asia for like some big conference.

And he gets there and it's, a room full of founders and business owners who are there to hear him, hear him speak. And the first question is, this is a room full of 2000 people who are inspired by you and who want to learn from you. Like what is the best piece of advice that you can give us to be as effective as you are?

And he just looks at him and says, don't. It's like, you don't want to go through what I go through. And by that point in the book, you've read enough of the book that you're like, yeah, don't, don't, don't do it. I do wonder though, this, like I, you know, when I, when I interview people in my pod, I was asked the question of like, once, once someone is post success, they're always preaching work-life balance. Yeah.

But I wonder, I always wonder, like, could they have achieved that level of success while also having work-life balance? Or is it a phase that everyone has to go through where there is always a phase of grindiness or whatever? And then on the other end, you start preaching work-life balance. I don't think so. Rich people, they go through 10 years of grind, failure, suffering, struggle, come out the other end, balance their lives, become very healthy and happy, and then turn around and tell everybody else that they should be balanced, healthy, and happy.

And it depends what you're trying to do, right? I think if you are in a more conventional career path, I think there's a lot to be said. maybe about work-life balance.

If you are doing something entrepreneurial, there seems to be an escape velocity phenomenon where you need an immense amount of force and pressure to get off the ground and to get into orbit. And then once you're in orbit, you can kind of ease off a little bit. I don't know if you can escape that though.

Yeah, so my way of squaring this conundrum was to... And I recognize this fairly early on, which is why the book is called Feel Good Productivity. It's to be like, okay, I need to do lots of work to make my business successful and be financially free.

Great, let me find a way to make that work feel really good. And I'd get home from work when I was working in my day job and I would look forward to editing a video. And on days where I didn't look forward to editing a video, I would find a way to make editing the video. The stuff I talk about in the book, like play power people, find a way to do it in a slightly different way, find a way to level up the transition or the animation.

So random shit like that, I found as a way to make, almost convince myself that editing a video for four hours in the evening. was actually more enjoyable than watching Netflix for four hours in the evening. And I would have friends being like, look, Ali, you know, you're working too hard and shit.

And so, you know, I used to be addicted to World of Warcraft back in the day. And so I went back into WoW, got a gaming PC because I was like, okay, I can afford it now. But a gaming PC played some WoW.

And I'd find myself more drained at the end of a gaming session than I would by the end of an editing session. Because I found a way to make the process so enjoyable. And from all the recent, you know, interviewing a bunch of people and reading a lot in preparation for writing the book.

A lot of successful people seem to land at the thing of like, the way to do something consistently is to find a way to make it feel good. And if the thing gives you energy, then you kind of want to do it. You don't just want to scroll TikTok, which is not a thing that really energizes anyone.

So let's talk specifically about what constitutes Feeling good because my fucked up head as soon as I see feel good productivity. I'm like, oh cocaine, of course Like what where is that line between feeling good about the work you're doing and Distraction or indulgence. I think if the thing is Feeling good and moving you in the direction of the work you want to be doing. Mm-hmm great If the thing is feeling good and moving you away from the work you want to be doing, then that's not so good.

Or feeling good, but moving you away from it in terms of like the rest of your life. There's like a sustainability aspect. Yeah, there's absolutely. And so the final three chapters of the book are all about sustainability.

Broadly, anything that feels good that moves you towards your goal is a good thing. I am a big believer of small little tweaks. Like, you know, Tim Ferriss asked that question, what would this look like if it were easy? And I think that's a great question.

I ask myself that a lot. I ask myself a slightly different question. What would this look like if it were fun?

Like, what does a more fun version of a podcast look like? What does a fun version of editing look like? What does a fun version of writing discharge summaries look like when you're a junior doctor?

And asking myself that question is like, what does it look like if it were fun? While I'm writing my discharge letter, let me add a few jokes here and there. It's going to be a real life human reading this letter on the other end. We just. just say something nice about this patient's cat because it's just kind of funny and like doctors don't do that because it's too straight laced and too boring it's like yeah let's just make the writing a little bit nicer let me use my creativity a bit when writing this patient's like discharge summary little tweaks like that move me in the direction that i want to go i finish this discharge summary but just make the process more fun.

So it's not a case of doing cocaine and writing it. It's a case of like adding a few jokes about the fact that this patient, you know, has been very disappointed because Chelsea lost the game recently or whatever the thing might be. Yeah. It's just like lame dad jokes that make things more fun sometimes. I feel like...

A lot of people find that difficult, perhaps, because they worry about doing something differently. They worry what other people are going to think. If I comment on somebody's cat on the discharge form, what if they don't like that? What if they complain to my supervisor?

What if the other doctors look at me weird? How does that factor into this? Yeah, I think people just over-index way too much on thinking just too much seriousness.

Way too much seriousness. There's that quote from Ali Watts, don't be serious, be sincere. And it's like, the way I think of it is, I imagine myself in that position.

If I were a GP, general practitioner, reading a discharge summary, and someone made a comment about the cat. I'd have a little chocolate would make my day because everything else I've read has just been boring as fuck Yeah, I used to give this advice to students when you're studying for exams if you're writing essays You just want to imagine the poor examiner. They're having to, like, empathy for the examiner. They're having to read 500 of these shitty pieces of writing. Give them something to chuckle about.

They're going to give you the top grade immediately because you've just made their life a little bit better. You know, you have nice handwriting. Maybe use a little pink highlighter or something just to make it a little bit more pleasant. I think people over-index on this way too much.

I'm also a strong believer in seeking forgiveness rather than permission. So I started incorporating jokes into my discharge letters. And the only comment I ever got was actually a written compliment from a GP who emailed the hospital staffing department being like, can I just say this is the best discharge summary I've ever seen?

And that was a commendation on my CV. That was it. But, you know, there were times where I also, you know, I made a video and I was a bit too blase about data security in the way that I spoke about patient data and stuff.

So someone complained to the hospital and I was like, ah, okay, let's not do that again. So most things are not, it's not like they're going to fire me immediately. They're going to be like, hey, man. you know, be a bit less blase about data security. I'm like, yes, that's a very good point. I should have been less blase about it.

So usually these things are not that like life or death, not that like important, but we treat them with such importance. I think also in giving presentations at work, people are boring as fuck when giving. presentations at work but the most effective presentations are the ones that start with a bit of a joke of course take it a bit less seriously of course lightens everything up gets the energy and the mood going whereas when you see someone who's like so timid and so like i have to be professional just sucks the joy out of it yeah and everyone wants wants more energy in their life it's funny because the classic caring too much what other people think i think not only does it kill fun it attacks that that issue that we started off with which is knowing what to optimize for in the first place i I personally interact with a lot of readers and listeners that they feel very lost in life. They don't know what they should be pursuing in the first place.

And when you really drill down deep, it's because they've spent their entire life trying to please the people around them. It's like mom and dad wanted me to be a lawyer, so I went to law school. And then I got a job at this firm, and they wanted me to take on these sorts of cases.

So I took on these sorts of cases. And then I needed to move into a bigger apartment, so I had to work on this team. I like the people on the team.

And next thing you know, they have an entire life that has been structured around other people's wants and desires. And not only are they not addressing their own wants and desires, so they're out of touch with what they should be optimizing for. They've never actually taken that time to experiment and discover who themselves are.

So they don't even know what they like. Like they know they don't like being a lawyer, but they don't know what they would like otherwise. And so again, it's this really deep intersection between emotions.

And productivity, optimization, achieving goals, you know, whatever you want to call it. It's such a cliche thing to say like, oh, stop worrying about what other people think. It's as the years go on, I'm consistently surprised and impressed at how deeply this affects people and kind of fucks everything up for them. It's so true.

Yeah, as you as you were saying that, I was kind of thinking like that. That's definitely the experience that I've I've seen from other people. And I was wondering why I personally didn't have that so much. And I think all of it can be basically traced down to Tim Ferriss. Basically.

Ever since I discovered the frigging four-hour work week and realized the life that's possible, the whole, like, New Ridge thing, the whole, like, wait a minute, think about what you actually want from your life rather than following the script and assuming when you retire at 65 with osteoarthritis in both of your knees, you'll suddenly be happy sipping cocktails on a beach in Thailand. One of the core insights from it, which is not like a highlight, It's not one of the top level highlights that people normally say. It's just the idea of running experiments and testing hypotheses.

Like I was just signing up to go to med school for six years and then training for 10 years for the sake of being a consultant when I was 40. And I hadn't really considered that path beyond like two days of work experience and the fact that everyone I knew was a doctor. And so after reading 4-Hour Workweek, I started asking people who were 10 years ahead of me in their careers, are you happy? What are you up to?

Like, what do you change anything? My favorite question, if you won the lottery, how would you spend your time? would you still do medicine? And then half of the people would say they would leave immediately. Wow.

One guy even said he'd leave in the middle of the operation. Oh my God. Good luck. He was like, yeah, my dream is to coach my son's like football team. Cause he loved football.

This is a soccer. Yeah. Um, And the other half of the people said they would continue medicine, but they'd go part-time. I've never met anyone who enjoys working 80 hours a week as a doctor.

It's just not fun. I've met people who enjoy working 30 hours a week as a doctor, maybe even 40, but not 80. Doing anything for 80 hours a week is just not fun. And I would always ask those people, it's like, okay well what's stopping you from going part-time and it was always be money well i've got a mortgage with kids like bills and all that shit and so the four-hour work week gave me that language gave me that like mindset shift to be like oh fuck if money is the problem and the people 10 years ahead of me in their career are not having fun I need a way to make money. So I think that's such a really great takeaway. The find people 10 years ahead of you on your current path and ask them how they feel, what their current problems are, what their regrets are, or what anything that would change.

Like it's one of those things that is once you hear it said is so obvious, but I've never heard anybody talk about that. I think that has that attitude of experimentation has pervaded every aspect of my life. Like. all we've got 54 actionable tips in this book all of them are framed as experiments because it's like the idea is try this experiment see if it works once my youtube channel had started to make money my hypothesis was always hey i'll be a part-time doctor and a part-time youtuber i named my course the part-time youtuber academy it was all about you know i still really enjoy medicine it's still really fun i want to be a part-time doctor and i kind of realized wait a minute before i sign up to a eight-year residency program and try and go part-time let me just experiment with a few extra shifts to see what it's like like being a part-time doctor.

And for about two weeks, I did extra shifts in the emergency department. This was when I wasn't working, so I would do like two days a week or something. And every 10 minutes, I was thinking, why am I here?

What am I doing right now? The dingy emergency department, there's no natural light. I could be in a really nice WeWork right now. right now with my team making YouTube videos.

That's so much more fun. Why am I here? And after two weeks of this, I realized, hang on, I've just tried out this experiment, this part-time doctor, part-time YouTuber life.

I realized, fuck this. It's so much more fun being a full-time YouTuber. Oh my goodness.

Wow. That, that two week experiment has now changed the course of my life because now I'm not worrying about applying to the US for a residency program and spending three years preparing for the exams and stuff. But if I hadn't run the experiment, I would have thought, well, of course, theoretically being a part-time doctor is fun because these doctors I've spoken to say it's reasonable and it's, you know.

It's good to call myself Dr. Ali Abdaal and have the title of the book and all that shit. I ran the experiment and I was like, nope, not for me. Ran the other experiment of what's it like being a full-time YouTuber.

That's really fun. Ran the experiment of what's it like to have a team of 20 people. Not fun. More fun having a team of 10. 10 is a good number, 10 to 12. That was really fun and continues to be really fun.

And even now it's like everything in life I almost treat like an experiment. I said to my team this morning, we had like an all-hands team meeting. The experiment we're trying for the next three months is what does it look like if I only make a video when I feel like it?

Yeah, rather. rather than on a schedule. Don't know, let's see what happens.

Let's run it as an experiment. We'll see. Best case scenario, experiment works out and I realize I've got more joy in my life.

Worst case scenario, experiment doesn't work out, I get more data. It's not really a failure, it's just an experimental, it's an experiment. Even a failure is useful data and then I can inform the way I live my life.

Experiments around like, huh, I wonder if it would be fun to, I don't know, try running every day. Buy that for a couple of weeks, see what happens. I'm just all about experimenting with life and over time landing on... a nice place.

But even then, like the place we land where we feel happy and fulfilled as we grow older, people say, the things that brought you happiness and fulfillment when you were younger don't necessarily do it again. And so all of life is basically this sort of running a bunch of different experiments, having fun along the way and sort of meandering your way to some sort of fulfillment or something like that. Something, yeah.

The framing of life as experimentation I think is incredibly powerful as well because it removes the stigma of failure. There's no such thing as failure. There's only information, right? It's like, okay, we ran an experiment. I tried working overtime for a month as an experiment to see.

And... didn't go well. So that's information that's it's, it removes the mindset that you have to succeed at everything you try, or that everything has to go well all the time. It's, it's the only, the only metric of success is simply.

feedback. Yeah. Yeah.

There's a story that I talk about in the book. There's a YouTuber called Mark Rober who used to work at NASA, then worked at Apple. And now he's like a science educator on YouTube.

And he ran a really fun experiment. He created like a coding challenge for his like for 50,000 of his audience. And he split them up into two groups. And the idea was this challenge would help you learn how to code. And it was some sort of like robot maze.

And you had to sort of program the robot to like go around the maze or something on this online interface. And the ingenious thing for this was that This was not a solvable problem. You couldn't actually solve it.

So we were just seeing how much would people try. And so he split the 50,000 people into two groups. For half of them, if they hit execute on the code and it didn't work, it said, you have failed, please try again. But for the other half of the people, it said, you have failed. you've lost five points, you now have 195 points, please try again.

These points were totally meaningless, completely arbitrary, but one group started with 200 fake points and the other group got told nothing. And the group who got told they lost five points tried less than half as many attempts at solving this coding puzzle than the group that didn't say anything at all. And this whole experiment was a ruse. It wasn't intended to teach people how to code, it was intended to see how do people feel about failure.

And when you're told you've lost five points, even though it's totally meaningless and it does not mean anything and it's not money and it's completely irrelevant you still try half, less than half the number of times as someone who wasn't told that at all. And so his whole message, he has a TED talk about this, is all about how do we reframe failure? And I think the way we reframe failure, as you said, is experimentation where even failure is data gathering.

Well, Ali, the book is Feel Good Productivity. Go buy it everywhere. There's a quote from you on the front. Thank you, by the way, for offering that quote.

And actually reading the thing. Dude, it's a great book, man. You know, you did a great job with it.

And I've been very passionate about this idea of, of an emotional emotions as part of the overall productivity system. It's something that I've tried to write about at times. Productivity is not really my wheelhouse. So it's like, I, I, it never really quite landed or I never like wrote it in a way that I felt good about it. As soon as I started reading this, I got like two, three chapters in, I'm like, all right, yeah, this is it.

Like he's got it. Like this is, this is the productivity book that. we've all needed so lovely clip that put it as a testimonial yeah there you go you can put a second line with my name on it on the book so ollie it's been a pleasure man thank you thanks for coming on